MODULE 3
Organic molecules have hydrogen and other elements covalently bonded to _____ atoms.
Carbon
What part of a fatty acid can attract water molecules?
Carboxyl Group
The nucleic acid composed of two helically twisted strands of nucleotides is:
DNA
The information molecules of all living organisms are _____.
DNA & RNA
The chemical reaction where water is removed during the formation of a covalent bond linking two monomers is known as:
Dehydration Synthesis
The term that describes the affect that high temperatures have on enzymes is _______.
Denatures
What is the purpose of test tube # 3 (containing starch, amylase, iodine and placed in a warm water bath)?
It shows that starch breaks down into glucose in the presence of amylase.
Milk sugar is ________.
Lactose
Which term listed includes all the other items listed?
Lipid
When mixed with a lipid, Sudan IV evenly stains the lipid.
True
Fatty acids tails that incorporate double bonds are termed ______.
Unsaturated
Proteins function ________.
All of the above
Which of the following is NOT a component of the structure of amino acids?
An oxygen atom
Nucleotides are made from a phosphate group, a sugar, and a ______.
Base
Which of the following indicates for simple sugars (glucose)?
Benedict's Solution
Which of the following indicates for proteins?
Biuret's Reagent
Cellular respiration is _________.
Both a and b
Proteins are present in ______.
Both plant and animal cells
Which of the following is NOT true concerning lipids?
They readily dissolve in polar substances.
Amino acids commonly have a standard _____ letter abbreviation.
3
What is starch?
A polysaccharide formed by a series of condensation reactions.
The nucleic acid central to metabolism is:
ATP
Which of the following is NOT a base found in a nucleotide?
Dynomine
In the presence of starch, Benedict's solution changes from blue to orange or brick red in color.
False
The building blocks of lipids are _____.
Fatty acids & Glycerol
Carbohydrates, like glucose and glygen, function primarily ______.
For energy and energy storage
If one adds iodine to milk, how long must one wait for a purplish black color change to occur?
Forever
Various kinds of atoms or clusters of them covalently bonded to a carbon backbone are termed:
Functional Groups
Which of the following is NOT a complex carbohydrate?
Glucose
The most common monosaccharides found in cells is glucose. It is a ____ sugar.
Hexose
Enzymes split large molecules into two or more smaller molecules by adding water through which type of reaction?
Hydrolysis
The -OH functional group is called the ________.
Hydroxyl Group
Which of the following indicates for simple starch?
Iodine
Is Sudan IV soluble in water?
No
Is a lipid soluble in water?
No
A short chain of two or more covalently bonded sugar monomers is called a(n) __________.
Oligosaccharide
Triglycerides are made primarily of three fatty acids and _______.
One Glycerol
The molecules of life are _____ compounds.
Organic
Proteins are held together by:
Peptide bonds
A(n) _____ has two fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic head attached to a glycerol backbone.
Phospholipid
What is the most abundant type of lipid in cell membranes?
Phospholipid
What type of organic compound always includes a carboxyl group and an amino group?
Proteins
The two main categories of nitrogenous bases are _______ & _________.
Pyrimidines & Purines
Glucose, with 6 carbons, can form a linear or _____ configuration.
Ring
A denatured protein or DNA molecule has lost its ______.
Shape, Hydrogen bonds, Function
Most animal fats are ________.
Solid at room temperature and saturated
Why isn't there a color change to purplish-black when iodine is added to milk?
Starch is not present.
The disaccharide listed below is _______.
Sucrose