Module 49

If the template strand of DNA has the sequence 3′-TCTAGGACT-5′, what will the sequence of the transcribed RNA be?

5′-AGAUCCUGA-3′

If the coding strand of DNA has the sequence 5′-CGAGACTTCTGA-3′, what will the sequence of the transcribed RNA be?

5′-CGAGACUUCUGA-3′

TATA box

An element of the core promoter in eukaryotic genes; contains the consensus sequence TATAAA.

RNA polymerase

An enzyme that uses a DNA template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule during transcription.

Which of the following does NOT occur during transcription in bacteria?

RNA splicing

initiation

The phase of transcription in which RNA polymerase binds to the promoter of a gene and begins RNA synthesis.

elongation

The phase of transcription in which RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template and incorporates nucleotides into the growing RNA transcript.

termination

The phase of transcription in which RNA polymerase releases the RNA transcript and detaches from the DNA template.

transcription start site

The site at which the first RNA nucleotide is added; also known as the +1 site.

Which of the following is important for transcription in prokaryotes?

sigma

transcription factor

A protein that regulates the transcription of specific genes.

intron

A segment of mRNA that is removed prior to translation.

Which specific sequence is important for termination in eukaryotes?

a polyadenylation signal

Mutation of which of these sequences would have no effect on the initiation of transcription?

Polyadenylation signal

promoter

The DNA sequence at which RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription of a gene.

transcription initiation complex

The combination of transcription factors and RNA polymerase that assembles at the promoter of a gene prior to transcription initiation.

Other than the core RNA polymerase, what proteins are required for the initiation of transcription in bacteria?

sigma