Module 9 Operating Systems

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Virtual Memory

Space on a hard disk or other storage device that simulates random access memory.

Command Line Interface (CLI)

The user types commands at a prompt.

User Interface (UI)

controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen.

iOS

developed by Apple, is a proprietary mobile operating system specifically made for Apple's mobile devices.

Windows (Mobile Edition)

developed by Microsoft, a proprietary mobile operating system that runs on some smartphones.

server operating system

A multiuser operating system that organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network.

password

A private combination of letters, numbers, and special characters associated with the user name that allows access to a user's account resources.

device-dependent

A program that runs only on a specific type or make of computer or mobile device.

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

A visual display on a computer's screen that allows you to interact with your computer more easily by clicking graphical elements.

mobile operating system

An operating system designed to be used with mobile phones and other mobile devices.

Chrome OS

Google's Linux-based operating system designed to work primarily with web apps.

touch user interface

Graphical user interface designed for touch input.

network administrator

Individual responsible for maintaining and running a network.

Open Source Software (OSS)

Software that is free and where anyone can look at and potentially modify the code.

UNIX

Operating system developed by AT&T. It is considered portable, meaning it can run on just about any hardware platform.

cold boot

Process of turning on a computer that has been powered off completely.

Buffer

Segment of memory or storage in which items are placed while waiting to be transferred from an input device or to an output device.

boot drive

The drive from which your personal computer starts.

warm boot

The process of restarting the system while it's powered on.

sign in

To access resources on a network or computer.

natural user interface (NUI)

User interface with which users interact with the software through ordinary, intuitive behavior.

desktop operating system

a complete operating system that works on desktops, laptops, and some tablets. Sometimes called a stand-alone operating system.

Linux

a free open-source kernel used in many of today's operating systems.

Performance Monitor

a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices

Operating System (OS)

a set of programs that coordinate all the activities among computer or mobile device hardware.

user name (user ID)

a unique combination of characters, such as letters of the alphabet or numbers, that identifies one specific user.

automatic update

automatically provides new features or corrections to the program.

forward Compatible

it may or may not run on newer versions of an operating system.

queue

multiple documents line up in a specific order, i.e. printer jobs.

macOS

multitasking operating system available for computers manufactured by Apple.

andriod

open-source, Linux-based mobile operating system designed by Google for tablets and smartphones.

hibernate mode

power state in which data from RAM is saved to the hard disk and then power is shut down.

proprietary software

privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer or device model.

sleep mode

saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state.

Spooling

sends documents to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer.

driver

short for device driver, is a small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.

backward compatible

software feature that enables documents saved in an older version of a program to be opened in a newer version of the program.

platform

what operating systems are sometimes called because applications are said to run "on top of" it.


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