Mood Disorders (Intro OTA)

PDD (Dysthymia)

depressed mood most of the time

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

diagnostic criteria includes 5 or more of the following symptoms before and during menses: 1. emotional lability 2. irritability 3. depressed mood 4. anxiety 5. decreased interest in activities 6. lethargy 7. changes in appetite or sleep 8. Feeling overwhelmed 9. physical symptoms

appetite

Depression - People often experience problematic changes in their sleep and _____, such as eating and sleeping more than usual, struggling with insomnia, or feeling like not eating much at all.

treatment

Unfortunately only 20% of those with mood disorders receive adequate _______

1. Bipolar Disorder Type I 2. Bipolar Disorder Type II 3. Cyclothymia

What are the 3 types of Bipolar disorder?

Clinical Depression

AKA - Major Depression

psychomotor retardation

(also known as "psychomotor impairment" or "motor mental retardation") involves a slowing-down of thought and a reduction of physical movements in an individual. - can cause a visible slowing of physical and emotional reactions, including speech and affect.

Emotional symptoms of mania include:

1. prolonged periods of elation 2. restlessness 3. irritability, agitation or excessive energy 4. feelings of grandiosity 5. Impulsive, risky or hedonistic behavior

Common intervention methods

1. psychotherapeutic approaches - CBT 2. Group Interventions 3. Support Groups 4. NAMI 5. Psychoeducational groups - Self esteem, stress management, and medication management

Specific mental functions (mood disorders)

1. attention and memory 2. perceptual 3. higher level cognitive functions 4. mental functions of language 5. psychomotor functions 6. emotions 7. experience of self and time

Commonly used FOR/MOP for mood disorders

1. cognitive behavioral FOR 2. Behavioral FOR 3. Sensory Processing FOR 4. MOHO 5. Other possibilities

Symptoms of Clinical Depression:

1. fatigue or loss of energy almost every day 2. feelings of worthlessness or guilt almost everyday 3. Impaired concentration indecisiveness 4. Insomnia or hypersomnia (excessive sleeping) almost every day 5. Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in almost all activities nearly every day (called anhedonia, this symptom can be indicated by reports from significant others) 6. Restlessness or feeling slowed down 7. Recurring thoughts of death or suicide 8. Significant weight loss or gain ( a change of more than 5% of body weight in a month)

Typical Functional Problems with mood disorders

1. no exact pattern , no uniform mosaic of signs and symptoms 2. any are of occupation or combination can be affected by mood disorders 3. major impact on quality of life 4. must consider the context within which the individual exists

Symptoms for Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

1. severe and repeated temper outburst 2. irritable mood between outburst

Emotional depression symptoms include:

1. thoughts of and attempts of suicide 2. loss of interest in activities that were pleasurable in the past 3. unyielding anxiety, sadness or feelings of emptiness 4. feelings of worthlessness, helplessness or guilt 5. feelings of hopelessness or pessimism

Symptoms for PDD

2 or more of the following 1. appetite changes 2. poor sleep 3. fatigue 4. low energy 5. low self esteem 6. difficulty concentrating 7. feelings of hopelessness

affective disorders

A group of psychiatric conditions, also known as mood disorders, characterized by disturbances of affect, emotion, thinking, and behavior. Depression is the most common of these disorders, and about 10-20% of those affected also experience manic episodes. - are not distinct diseases but are psychiatric syndromes that likely have multiple or complex etiologies.

20%

According to the National Institute of Health ____of the US adult population will suffer a mood disorder during their lifetime.

overlooked

Because the hypomania is less severe it is often _____ as a symptom in Cyclothymia. This often leads those with the condition to be diagnosed as suffering with depression only.

lifetimes

Bipolar Disorder Type I, indicates those sufferers who have experienced any manic period - strong feelings of euphoria- as well as the depressive periods of the disorder at least once in their _____

hypomania

Bipolar Type II, has periods of ____.

15 and 25

Bipolar condition is experienced equally by both men and women and generally manifests itself for the first time when the individual is between the ages of ___ and ____

severe

During any given 12 month period 9.5% of the adult population has a mood disorder, with approximately 5% of them classified as _____

NOT

Emotional symptoms of mood disorder are ____ the same for all people.

Etiology cause of Mood Disorder

Genetic vulnerability Neurochemical factors Psychological Stress Social Cognitive Interpersonal Roots Precipitation

impulsive

Hypomania - a period of extremely high energy levels accompanied by ____ behavior.

suicide

In severe cases of depression, depressed individuals may contemplate and even attempt ____ usually in an attempt to escape their emotional pain

Mania

Individuals experiencing manic mood typically exhibit unusually high energy levels. They maybe extremely happy or "euphoric", usually sociable or enthusiastic or even very irritable.

anhedonia

Loss of the capacity to experience pleasure. The inability to gain pleasure from normally pleasurable experiences. - is a core clinical feature of depression, schizophrenia, and some other mental illnesses.

time

Mania - They may suddenly take on a lot of projects or engage in highly pleasurable (and often risky) activities, such as going on a major shopping spree, having sex with several partners over a short period of ____

world

Mood - In clinical settings, it is used to describe a persistent emotional state that affects how the person sees the ______.

10

Mood disorders are among the top ____ causes of disability worldwide with unipolar major depression being the most widely experienced.

persistent

Mood disorders are characterized by a significant disturbance in a person's ______ emotional state or mood.

episodes

Most individuals with a bipolar mood disorder experience episodes of depression as well as manic ( or hypomanic) ______

depressive disorders

Most mood disorders fall under the broad categories of ____ ____ and bipolar disorders ( formerly known as manic depressive disorders)

Persistent Depressive Disorder (Dysthymia)

PDD

concentrating

People in a depressed state, experience difficulties ______ and making decisions are common.

Dysthymic disorder

Persistent depressive disorder, also called dysthymia , is a continuous long-term (chronic) form of depression. You may lose interest in normal daily activities, feel hopeless, lack productivity, and have low self-esteem and an overall feeling of inadequacy. These feelings last for years and may significantly interfere with your relationships, school, work and daily activities.

family members

So far the cause of Bipolar disorder is not known, but those who suffer from the condition are likely to have ___ ____ who also have bipolar disorder.

two weeks

Symptoms of clinical depression are present every day for at least ___ ___. In addition according to he DSM 5 ( a manual use to diagnose mental health conditions) you may have other symptoms with major depression.

depression and mania

The 2 primary types of moods are ___ and ___

psychosis

The word psychosis is used to describe conditions that affect the mind, where there has been some loss of contact with reality. When someone becomes ill in this way it is called a psychotic episode. During a period of psychosis, a person's thoughts and perceptions are disturbed and the individual may have difficulty understanding what is real and what is not

pole

There term "bipolar" refers to these fluctuations in mood from one "____" to the other

depression

Those with Cyclothymia disorder experience less extreme mood swings, going from mild hypomania to _____

Type I

Type II (Bipolar) sufferers do experience the same depressive episodes as individuals with ___ ___

feelings

While many people use the term "mood" to simply refer to their _____ at any given moment (e.g. I'm in a happy mood), mental health professionals use it a bit differently

50%

Women are _____ more likely than men to experience a mood disorder.

Bipolar Type II

a condition in which the individual doesn't have fully manic episodes

unipolar

a major depressive episode that occurs without the manic phase that occurs in the classic form of bipolar disorder

Euthymia

a normal, tranquil mental state or mood; specifically :a stable mental state or mood in those affected with bipolar disorder that is neither manic nor depressive

algorithms

a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-solving operations, especially by a computer.

Flight of Ideas

a rapid shifting of ideas with only superficial associative connections between them that is expressed as a disconnected rambling from subject to subject and occurs especially in the manic phase of bipolar disorder

catatonia

abnormality of movement and behavior arising from a disturbed mental state (typically schizophrenia). It may involve repetitive or purposeless overactivity, or catalepsy, resistance to passive movement, and negativism.

rapid cycling

as four or more manic, hypomanic, or depressive episodes in any 12-month period. - mood swings can quickly go from low to high and back again, and occur over periods of a few days and sometimes even hours.

People in a Mania state may:

be very grandiose, have little need for sleep, experience racing thoughts, be easily distracted, appear agitated, and/or be unusually talkative.

Depression

individuals experiencing a depressed mood often feel sad, "blue", pessimistic, lethargic, irritable, apathetic, worthless and/or hopeless.

Bipolar Disorders

involves rapid mood swings between periods of good moods and those of irritability and depression.

Cyclothymic disorder

is a rare mood disorder. - causes emotional ups and downs, but they're not as extreme as those in bipolar I or II disorder.

psychomotor agitation

is a set of signs and symptoms that stem from mental tension and anxiety. The signs are unintentional and purposeless motions; the symptoms are emotional distress and restlessness.

Clinical Depression (Major Depression)

marked by a depressed mood most of the day, sometime particularly in the morning, and a loss of interest in normal activities and relationships

Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

new to the DSM 5, more prevalent in children than adults

Mental Disorder

refers to a wide range of mental health conditions — disorders that affect your mood, thinking and behavior. Examples of mental illness include depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders and addictive behaviors.

Cyclothymia

the mildest form of bipolar disorder

Neuromusculoskeletal

tremors nocturnal myocionus balance & coordination problems Parkinsonian signs

Bipolar Disorder Type I

was once known as Manic Depression