MS: 36 37

measure blood glucose levels

A client is receiving dexamethasone for adrenocortical insufficiency. What should the nurse do to monitor for a negative side effect of the medication?

Rotate the insulin injection sites systematically.

A client who has been newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with daily insulin injections. Which teaching information should the nurse reinforce upon discharge?

Take the oral medication, drink fluids, and monitor capillary glucose levels.

A client who is taking an oral hypoglycemic daily for type 2 diabetes develops the flu and is concerned about the need for special care. What should the nurse advise the client?

Restoration of electrolyte balance.

A health care provider writes prescriptions addressing the needs of a client with Addison disease. Which outcome does the nurse conclude is the main focus of treatment for this client?

Hirsutism Buffalo hump

A nurse is assessing a female client with Cushing syndrome. Which clinical findings can the nurse expect to identify? Select all that apply.

126 and 140 mg/dL

A nurse is monitoring a client's laboratory results for a fasting plasma glucose level. Which fasting plasma glucose range will the nurse determine that the client has diabetes?

Tracheostomy kit and o2

A nurse plans to set up emergency equipment at the bedside of a client in the immediate postoperative period after a thyroidectomy. What should the nurse include in the bedside setup?

Vasopressin

A patient has diabetes insipidus (DI). The LPN/LVN should plan to provide information on which medication?

semi folwer

A patient has just returned from the postanesthesia care unit after a hypophysectomy. The nurse knows to keep the patient in which position?

Insufficiencies of the mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids

A patient is diagnosed as having Addison disease. This condition is the result of which disturbance?

Keeping environmental stimuli to a minimum

A patient who has hyperthyroidism exhibits symptoms of anxiety, nervousness, and agitation. Which intervention should be included in the patient's care?

Extreme temperature elevation and rapid pulse rate

In the postoperative period, the LPN/LVN should observe a patient who has had a thyroidectomy for which signs of thyroid crisis?

Thyroid hormone agonists

Mimic effects of T3 and T4, regulating metabolism

Beta Cell

Produce insulin, prevent hyperglycemia by allowing the body cells to take up, use and store carbohydrate, fats and protein.

pituitary gland

The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands.

Apply a moisturizing lotion to dry feet, but not between the toes.

The nurse is assisting with preparing a teaching plan for the client with diabetes mellitus regarding proper foot care. Which instruction should be included in the plan of care?

Treat hypocalcemic tetany.

The nurse is caring for a client after a thyroidectomy and notes that calcium gluconate is prescribed. The nurse determines that this medication has been prescribed for which reason?

Reassure the client that this is usually a temporary condition.

The nurse is collecting data regarding a client after a thyroidectomy and notes the development of a hoarse and weak voice. Which nursing action is appropriate?

Providing the patient with tissues to blow her nose

The nurse is supervising the care of a patient by unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) after hypophysectomy. Which action by the UAP would prompt the nurse to intervene immediately?

"I need to buy special dietetic foods."

The nurse provides dietary instructions to a client with diabetes mellitus regarding the prescribed diabetic diet. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

shakiness

The nurse reinforces teaching to a client with diabetes mellitus regarding differentiating between hypoglycemia and ketoacidosis. The client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching by stating that glucose will be taken if which symptom develops?

Iodine

The patient presents to the clinic with a gross enlargement of the anterior neck. The nurse knows that this is most likely caused by a deficiency in which substance?

benign pituitary adenoma

The patient presents to the clinic with acromegaly, muscle weakness, and osteoporosis. Laboratory results show elevated growth hormone levels. These symptoms, along with computed tomography scan findings, most closely correlate with which disorder?

urine/serum osmolity

The patient presents to the emergency department with symptoms of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). The nurse knows to educate the patient about which test(s) or procedure(s) that will be performed before a diagnosis can be made?

Place tracheostomy at bedside

What should a nurse do immediately when a client returns from the post-anesthesia care unit following a subtotal thyroidectomy?

"I will notify my primary health care provider if my blood glucose level is consistently greater than 250."

When the nurse is reinforcing instructions to a client who has been newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which statement by the client would indicate that teaching has been effective?

Hypotension

Which clinical manifestation occurs in a client with vasopressin deficiency?

Being 20 lbs overweight

While obtaining the client's health history, which factor does the nurse identify that predisposes the client to type 2 diabetes?

Insulin

_________ secreted by cells in the pancreas and is responsible for regulating the level of glucose in the bloodstream.

Alpha Cells

____________ secrete glucagon. Glucagon is a "counter regulatory" hormone, it action is opposite insulin. Prevent hypoglycemia by releasing glucose from storage cells.

Hypocalcemia

_____________ can develop after thyroidectomy if the parathyroid glands are accidentally removed or injured during surgery.

Parathyroid hormone

__________________ is secreted by the parathyroid gland and regulates the amount of phosphorus in the blood

Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP)

______________________ is a hormone used to replace antidiuretic hormone in the treatment of diabetes insipidus.

hypothalamus

brain region controlling the pituitary gland

diabetes mellitus (DM)

group of diseases in which there is disturbance in metabolism and use of glucose that is secondary to a malfunction of the beta cells of the pancreas; results in the bodys failure to metabolize sugars and starch.

Type 1 DM

insulin dependent; IDDM; juvenile diabetes; juvenile onset

Type 2 DM

non-insulin dependent; NIDDM; adult-onset diabetes; maturity-onset diabetes

adrenal cortex

outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes cortisol, aldosterone, and sex hormones

beta cells

produce insulin

thyroid gland

produces hormones that regulate metabolism, body heat, and bone growth; TSH

Latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA)

slow onset type 1 diabetes or type 1.5 diabetes; type 1 diabetes, according to the World Health Organization

Thyroid stimulating hormone

stimulates thyroid gland

SX of type 2 DM

•Possibly polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia More commonly excessive weight gain Family history of diabetes mellitus Poor healing of scratches, abrasions, and wounds Blurred vision Itching Drowsiness Increased fatigue Tingling or numbness in the feet