*MTTC Practice Questions

How could you BEST describe the role that grammar plays in language? A. Grammar concentrates mainly on the use of morphemes added to words B. Grammar enables complexity of meaning in language C. Grammar allows us to distinguish between what is language and what is not D. Grammar is a system of rules you learn in English class E. Grammar is not essential to language and is only present in certain ones

B. Grammar enables complexity of meaning in language

What are two examples of ways to assess a reader's current reading rate and level of ability? A. See how fast the reader is; have the student read backwards B. Identify points of errors; time the reader C. Make goals; ask the student what he or she thinks his or her flaws are D. Pick a difficult passage and have the student read it; comment on areas of weakness

B. Identify points of errors; time the reader

When assessing a student's reading rate, what do you want to watch out for? A. Make sure they are reading so fast that they finish a book every week. B. Make sure their speed is not impeding their comprehension. C. Make sure they are reading with 100% accuracy. D. Make sure they are stopping for breath at least every five words.

B. Make sure their speed is not impeding their comprehension.

What is the smallest meaningful unit of language called? A. Malform B. Morpheme C. Morphone D. Morphine

B. Morpheme

What is the ability to process and understand information we have read? A. Literal meaning B. Reading comprehension C. Inferential meaning D. Evaluative meaning

B. Reading comprehension

Which students might especially benefit from multisensory mapping? A. Students who love writing B. Students with dyslexia C. Strong readers D. Good athletes

B. Students with dyslexia

What is a good starting point for teaching syllabication? A. Words with three or more syllables B. Students' names C. Sight words D. Words with just one syllable

B. Students' names

Which of the following BEST explains why the alarm calls made by vervet monkeys should not be considered language? A. They include just one call for a variety of dangers B. They can't be combined to produce additional meanings C. They have only phonemes and not morphemes D. They demonstrate a complex and interchangeable variety of calls E. They are made up of only a few words and modifiers

B. They can't be combined to produce additional meanings

Which of the following is NOT true about vocabulary games? A. There are dozens of vocabulary games teachers can use in the classroom. B. Vocabulary games are really only for fun. They do not encourage learning or vocabulary development. C. Games add variety to daily instruction. D. Vocabulary games can be used as informal assessment tools.

B. Vocabulary games are really only for fun. They do not encourage learning or vocabulary development.

Which of the following best describes embedded vocabulary assessment? A. Word selection comes from a specific chapter or unit. B. Vocabulary usage is tracked during a learning experience. C. Isolated vocabulary terms are tested. D. Word meanings are established within the context of a sentence.

B. Vocabulary usage is tracked during a learning experience.

What is the first major phonological skill developed? A. Rhyme manipulation B. Word awareness C. Understanding rhyme and alliteration D. Syllable awareness

B. Word awareness

Which of the following is NOT a suggested strategy for vocabulary development? A. Use a word wall. B. Write the word ten times. C. Play vocabulary games. D. Keep a vocabulary journal.

B. Write the word ten times.

Is it helpful for a student to learn by reading with another student her or his age? A. No, this only works with adults. B. Yes, only if one student has a higher reading level and can correct any errors made by her or his peer. C. Yes, if they are able to help each other pronounce difficult words. D. No, because neither will be able to help the other.

B. Yes, only if one student has a higher reading level and can correct any errors made by her or his peer.

A seven month old baby repeatedly babbles 'bababa' and 'dadada'. This is an example of A. the development of Wernicke's area. B. a baby's use of phonemes from his native language. C. a baby's first speech like sounds. D. overextending the meaning of words. E. universal grammar at work.

B. a baby's use of phonemes from his native language.

A likely context for the use of the word acquit would be _____. A. a school cafeteria B. a courtroom C. a public park D. a doctor's office

B. a courtroom

The holophrastic stage refers to the time when A. babies recognize and point to named objects. B. babies can use a few words and understand many more. C. babies develop a broad vocabulary. D. start babbling repetitive syllables. E. babies begin uttering speech-like sounds.

B. babies can use a few words and understand many more.

Prefixes and suffixes are similar because both... A. convey the base or core meaning of a word. B. both change a word's meaning. C. change a word's meaning in terms of the use of past, present, or future tense. D. are placed at the beginning of a word. E. change a word from singular to plural or vice versa.

B. both change a word's meaning.

Which is an example of reading fluency? A. reading at a slow pace B. reading with expression C. reading very quickly D. reading with extended pauses between words

B. reading with expression

What would be the best literary connection for the word 'erratic'? A. Sherlock Holmes - a calculating detective character B. the Mad Hatter - an unreliable, unpredictable character C. Hermione Granger - a smart, practical student character D. James Bond - a smooth spy character

B. the Mad Hatter - an unreliable, unpredictable character

What is prosody in reading? A. the level of books a reader can read B. the combination of expression and fluency C. the combination of spelling and decoding D. another word for comprehension

B. the combination of expression and fluency

In the following sentence, what is the bound morpheme? The cats ran and sat on the ledge. A. ledge B. sat C. -s D. ran

C. -s

A vocabulary foldable could be used in which of the following subject areas? A. Math B. Social Studies C. All of the answers are correct D. Reading

C. All of the answers are correct

Where is the syllable break in the word 'spider'? A. Between the 'p' and the 'i' B. Between the 'e' and the 'r' C. Between the 'i' and the 'd' D. Between the 'd' and the 'e'

C. Between the 'i' and the 'd'

Where is the syllable break in the word 'snappy'? A. Between the second 'p' and the 'y' B. Between the 's' and the 'n' C. Between the first 'p' and the second 'p' D. Between the 'a' and the first 'p'

C. Between the first 'p' and the second 'p'

Which statement correctly compares the function of Broca's area and Wernicke's area? A. Broca's area is involved with understanding and Wernicke's area with production. B. Broca's area is involved with acquisition and Wernicke's area with distinguishing phonemes. C. Broca's area is involved with production and Wernicke's area with understanding. D. Broca's area is involved with universal grammar and Wernicke's area with acquisition. E. Broca's area is involved with distinguishing phonemes and Wernicke's area with universal grammar.

C. Broca's area is involved with production and Wernicke's area with understanding.

What question might you ask when assessing a student's prosody? A. Do they read quickly? B. Can they decode polysyllabic words? C. Do they attend to punctuation? D. Do they change voices for different characters?

C. Do they attend to punctuation?

What concept might be taught well through a word sort? A. How to remember sight words B. How to spell polysyllabic words C. How to distinguish between the ''t'' sound and the ''d'' sound D. How to decode consonant blends

C. How to distinguish between the ''t'' sound and the ''d'' sound

What is one advantage to reader's theater? A. It makes readers develop their comprehension very quickly. B. It pushes students to read higher levels. C. It helps students with prosody as they act. D. It focuses on good spelling.

C. It helps students with prosody as they act.

How does frequency help with increasing reading rate? A. It encourages awareness. B. It helps a reader focus solely on pronunciation. C. It helps the reader become more fluent. D. It forces a reader to read slowly at first.

C. It helps the reader become more fluent.

Which level of reading comprehension is what actually happens in a story? A. Evaluative meaning B. Inferential meaning C. Literal meaning D. All of the answers are correct

C. Literal meaning

Which level of reading comprehension must be developed before the others? A. Inferential meaning B. All levels of reading comprehension must be developed simultaneously C. Literal meaning D. Evaluative meaning

C. Literal meaning

A student is reading a passage and doesn't remember to pause at periods and instead continues into the new sentence without any change of pace or tone. What area is a struggle for this student, based on this description? A. Speed B. Accuracy C. Prosody D. Vocabulary

C. Prosody

Which of the following would be considered an example of language according to principle of combinability? A. Your car's 'check engine' light flashing B. Your alarm clock blaring in the morning C. The content of a text message D. A door bell ringing when pressed E. Your phone beeping when you have a new call

C. The content of a text message

What is phonological awareness? A. Remembering sight words B. Understanding how words fit together in a sentence C. Understanding how sounds fit together in words D. Reading fluently and with expression

C. Understanding how sounds fit together in words

Which statement is true regarding vocabulary journals? A. It is not necessary for teachers to instruct vocabulary terms before students write them in their journals. B. It does not matter how old a student is, vocabulary journals should be set up in the same manner, every time. C. Vocabulary journals can be set up in a variety of different ways. D. Vocabulary journals take up a great deal of class time to create and use.

C. Vocabulary journals can be set up in a variety of different ways.

Which of the following best describes discrete vocabulary assessment? A. Content-specific word use is tracked during a learning experience. B. Vocabulary terms are taught in context to clarify the correct usage. C. Words are taught and tested in isolation. D. Vocabulary terms are chosen from the entire course curriculum.

C. Words are taught and tested in isolation.

Studying roots, prefixes, and suffixes helps students: A. learn to break apart unfamiliar words in order to understand their overall meanings B. understand how prefixes and suffixes can change a word's meaning and how much of our language is constructed C. all of the answers listed D. increase their vocabulary and reading comprehension

C. all of the answers listed

Structural Analysis is: A. analyzing how words change using suffixes B. identifying known roots in unfamiliar words C. dividing words into parts to discover what an unknown word means D. identifying unknown roots in unfamiliar words E. is linking prefixes, roots, and suffixes together to form new words

C. dividing words into parts to discover what an unknown word means

Which factor refers to the voice quality of a reader? A. reading rate B. pacing C. intonation D. accuracy

C. intonation

Which of the following strategies is not employed when teaching vocabulary in context? A. drawing a picture of a word B. relating the word to a past experience C. memorizing a definition D. creating a dialogue using the word

C. memorizing a definition

Fluent speaking is often most quickly achieved through systems that _____. A. allow the use of the native language B. use a third language for reference C. outlaw the use of the native language D. allow some use of the native language

C. outlaw the use of the native language

By what age can most children be considered fully intelligible? A. 6 months B. 2-3 years C. 1 year D. 4-5 years

D. 4-5 years

What is a sight word? A. A word that is phonetically regular B. A word with only three letters C. A word that is so complex, students must memorize it D. A word that appears frequently

D. A word that appears frequently

What game is good for teaching sight words? A. Bingo B. Flash cards C. Memory D. All answers are correct

D. All answers are correct

An organized classroom creates a space where students feel A. Productive B. Comfortable C. Motivated D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following should be present in a classroom library? A. Pillows and bean bag chairs B. Books of various genres, levels, and topics C. Labeled book bins D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Why should student work be displayed on the walls? A. Provides motivation for students to do their best work B. Creates a sense of pride for the students C. Provides visual examples of good work D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which of the following is a strategy recommended to improve fluency? A. Development of a larger vocabulary B. Repeated readings C. Sight word memorization D. All of the answers are correct

D. All of the answers are correct

Why is automaticity in particular so critical for reading comprehension? A. When students read too quickly, they forget to pause at the right places in the text. B. When a student reads very slowly, it is always better for comprehending the text. C. Spelling and grammar are much less important than comprehension, according to researchers. D. Being able to quickly identify a letter or word allows a student to focus on understanding the meaning of the text.

D. Being able to quickly identify a letter or word allows a student to focus on understanding the meaning of the text.

What is syllabication? A. Sounding out words on the page B. Spelling C. Breaking up a word into its letter sounds D. Breaking up words into their separate syllables

D. Breaking up words into their separate syllables

How does an activity help a student increase her or his reading rate? A. It forces a student to think about reading in a different way. B. It allows a student the chance to rest her or his eyes after reading. C. It distracts a student from reading. D. It makes reading fun.

D. It makes reading fun.

What is the point of focusing on speaking with prosody? A. It will make you laugh really hard. B. It will increase your comprehension of oral language. C. It will help you get your point across. D. It will help with prosody because the practice will transfer into reading.

D. It will help with prosody because the practice will transfer into reading.

Which meeting area is not important to include in a literacy classroom? A. Literacy center tables B. Class meeting area with large rug C. Guided reading table D. Math game area

D. Math game area

Which of the following is not usually considered a component of fluency? A. Reading rate B. Attention to punctuation C. Expression D. Phonological awareness

D. Phonological awareness

Which of the following can be a useful tool for assessing students' expression? A. Inference questions B. Readers' response journals C. Timing their reading D. Readers' theater

D. Readers' theater

Which of the following is an argument against Noam Chomsky's theory of universal language? A. Scientists have found that children go through five stages in language acquisition. B. Researchers have found many grammatical features shared across different languages. C. Children may not begin to use complex sentences until 25 months or older. D. The Pirahã people speak a language that doesn't follow usual language rules. E. Babies are able to tell the difference between Hindi sounds that are not found in English.

D. The Pirahã people speak a language that doesn't follow usual language rules.

What is phonology? A. Having proper grammar and spelling B. Being able to produce sounds C. The study of telephones D. The systematic organization of sounds into language

D. The systematic organization of sounds into language

What area of the classroom is often overlooked as useful space for displaying important information? A. The shelves B. The tables C. The desks D. The walls

D. The walls

What might it mean if a child is reading very slowly? A. They need direct instruction in phonics. B. They have poor comprehension skills. C. They dislike the text in front of her. D. They are reading a text that is too challenging.

D. They are reading a text that is too challenging.

What is evaluative meaning? A. What the text implies about a character in the story but does not directly state B. What the text actually says C. The ability to understand what has been read D. What the text is telling us about the world outside the story

D. What the text is telling us about the world outside the story

What are word recognition skills? A. ways to spell words B. reading and spelling the same word C. learning the first 2000 words D. a student's ability to recognize words easily

D. a student's ability to recognize words easily

Which of the following is the best description of tier two vocabulary words? A. content-specific words that are taught to help students understand new information B. basic words that do not need instruction C.words that are selected for students who need intervention to catch up to grade-level expectations D. advanced words that are commonly used across content areas

D. advanced words that are commonly used across content areas

Which is TRUE about spelling skills? A. they are based on the alphabetic system B. it is a method of transferring speech to print C. students need to understand letters and sounds to be successful D. all of these are true

D. all of these are true

What factors are included in fluency? A. reading text accurately B. reading text with appropriate expression C. reading text smoothly D. all the answers are correct

D. all the answers are correct

Adding a visual aid is one technique to help students: A. practice drawing B. use a dictionary to find a definition C. use the word in a sentence D. build connections and understanding

D. build connections and understanding

What is it called when all students read the same text at the same time? A. partner reading B. repeated reading C. call and answer D. choral reading

D. choral reading

Some systems call for a widespread use of a student's native language. These types of systems emphasize _____. A. speaking skills B. recognizing cognates C. hearing skills D. grammar

D. grammar

Which strategy includes making sure that a teacher is nearby to support development? A. context clues B. word identification C. word recognition D. guide practice

D. guide practice

2. Vowels and consonants are examples of A. suffixes B. morphemes C. semantics D. phonemes E. prefixes

D. phonemes

Which is an example of a context clue? A. inferring B. questioning C. spelling patterns D. pictures

D. pictures

Which of the following genres might be especially helpful for prosody? A. mysteries B. textbooks C. nonfiction D. poetry

D. poetry

What's the best strategy for readers to increase word recognition? A. cueing strategies B. spelling words out C. analyzing text D. repeated reading

D. repeated reading

Which is an example of adjusting fluency for a different type of text? A. repeated reading B. skipping hard words C. reading out loud to children D. skimming and scanning

D. skimming and scanning

How are students expected to learn the definitions of words in systems which do not allow for use of a student's native language? A. through hand gestures or using pen and paper, either with teachers or in student groups B. word translations are provided on the board at the beginning of the class in which they are used. C. translation on their own time with books given to them at the beginning of the year D. through making word associations and definitions from words they already know in their second language

D. through making word associations and definitions from words they already know in their second language

What is a free morpheme? A morpheme who knows no allegiance to a ruler A morpheme which can function independently as a word A standalone word A morpheme which has to be attached to a word to function

A morpheme which can function independently as a word

By what age will most children have acquired the ability to speak their first word? A. 1 year old B. 1 month old C. 6 months old D. 1 day old

A. 1 year old

When using timed repeated reading in reading instruction, how many times should a reader be asked to read a passage? A. 4-6 B. 1-2 C. 2-3 D. 15-20

A. 4-6

How many words are good for repeated reading experiences? A. 50-200 B. 20-50 C. 50-75 D. 100-150

A. 50-200

Which of the following is true of inferential meaning? A. All of the answers are correct B. Inferential meaning involves drawing conclusions about what you have read. C. Inferential meaning is determining what is meant by the stated text. D. Inferential meaning requires you to look beyond what is read in the text.

A. All of the answers are correct

Why would expanding one's reading help a person to learn vocabulary in context? A. All of the answers are correct. B. It shows words being used in their typical contexts. C. It increases background knowledge. D. It exposes a reader to more words in general.

A. All of the answers are correct.

When students are clapping syllables, how many times should they clap for the word 'bulldozer?' A. 2 B. 3 C. 1 D. 4

B. 3

Which of the following BEST describes the concept of repeated readings? A. Passages from literature that are read a set number of times for every student B. A variety of activities that involve multiple reads of the same letters, words, or text C. A series of letter combinations that students practice aloud until they improve their accuracy and speed when compared with their initial reading D. Lists of letters for students to read and reread until they are understood automatically

B. A variety of activities that involve multiple reads of the same letters, words, or text

Between 1 and 2 years old what skills do most children gain? A. Can use most vowels B. All of the answers are correct C. Can ask questions by raising intonation at the end of sentences D. Vocabulary expands to be considered roughly 65% intelligible

B. All of the answers are correct

What does a derivational morpheme do to a word? A. Changes the tense B. Alters the word's part of speech C. Changes the number of a noun D. Reminds you of another word

B. Alters the word's part of speech

What measure might a teacher use to determine a student's initial fluency before doing repeated readings? A. Having the student do precisely seven repeated readings B. Counting of the number of accurate words read per minute C. Counting how many vocabulary words that a student knows well D. Using a sight word drill to determine the number of sight words the student knows accurately

B. Counting of the number of accurate words read per minute

Why would it help to use color coding when teaching structural analysis? A. By putting prefixes, suffixes, and roots in different colors, students can easily identify those different word parts. Using the same color for all prefixes, suffixes, or roots can help them identify which word part is being used. It can also help them see how the same word part is used in different words by using a color to help that prefix, suffix or root visually stand out. B. By using different colors with roots, it can help students see the actual root used in a word since roots are always in between a prefix and a suffix. C. Using colors can help students visually engage in a lesson. This will keep them more focused as you teach them about different prefixes, suffixes and roots. D. It helps students understand how words can change from negative to positive. E. It can help students connect feelings to specific words.

A. By putting prefixes, suffixes, and roots in different colors, students can easily identify those different word parts. Using the same color for all prefixes, suffixes, or roots can help them identify which word part is being used. It can also help them see how the same word part is used in different words by using a color to help that prefix, suffix or root visually stand out.

What is morphology? A. The study of a language's parts and how the parts interact B. The study of metamorphosis C. The study of living organisms D. The study of specific words

A. The study of a language's parts and how the parts interact

A root word is: A. a word that does not have a prefix or a suffix and is the base or core that can't be reduced into a smaller word form B. a word that has a prefix or a suffix and can't be reduced into a smaller word form C. a word that can only be altered by a suffix not a prefix D. a letter or group of letters that is placed at the beginning of a word to change its meaning E. a letter or group of letters that come at the end of a word and change its meaning

A. a word that does not have a prefix or a suffix and is the base or core that can't be reduced into a smaller word form

A non-example of the word introvert, or someone who gets energy from being alone rather than with people, would be _____. A. an attention-craving celebrity B. a talented actress C. a reclusive writer D. a shy, awkward teenager

A. an attention-craving celebrity

Which of the following describes a vocabulary assessment that contains words from all the words that have been taught throughout the year? A. comprehensive B. context-dependent C. embedded D. selective

A. comprehensive

A test question uses a multiple meaning word in a sentence and asks students which definition is being used in this example. Which type of vocabulary assessment is being used? A. context-dependent B. context-independent C. discrete D. comprehensive

A. context-dependent

Which skill does readers' theater help most? A. expression B. accuracy C. pacing D. phonics

A. expression

What form of indirect instruction increases fluency? A. reading to a student B. teaching phonemes C. teaching phonics D. teaching sight words

A. reading to a student

Students who need help with prosody: A. should focus on punctuation marks B. should read silently instead of reading aloud C. should read texts with very simple punctuation only D. should only read nursery rhymes

A. should focus on punctuation marks

In which of the following systems is direct translation encouraged? A. systems that allow the use of native language B. systems created by Dictionary companies C. systems that do not allow the use of native language D. systems that allow some use of the native language

A. systems that allow the use of native language

In which system will students sometimes respond to their teacher's native language questions by speaking in their second language? A. systems that use both B. systems that outlaw the use of the native language C. systems that encourage use of the native language D. all of these are correct

A. systems that use both

An example of a morpheme is A. the 'de-' in 'deconstruct' B. an 'e' that makes the 'a' in 'lake' have a long sound C. the 'y' in 'by' D. an adjective like 'yellow' E. the sound made by 'ch'

A. the 'de-' in 'deconstruct'

Why do students need to learn fluency? A. to help with comprehension B. to build awareness of phonics C. to help them decode D. to understand sound/symbol relationships

A. to help with comprehension

Why teach readers fluency? A. to increase comprehension B. to make them faster readers C. to impress their parents D. to make them aware of sounds of speech

A. to increase comprehension

Overextending language is when a baby A. uses a single word to mean many different things. B. begins to advance beyond his or her expected language level. C. begins to fall behind his or her expected language level. D. uses many different words for a single thing. E. begins to use many words he or she doesn't yet understand.

A. uses a single word to mean many different things.