MUS 1600 Final LSU Boutwell
Prince was... the loudest critic of music industry resented record company control, profits abandoned his name in protest
Discuss Prince's battle with the record industry during the 90s
rapped; sung
Doo Wop (That Thing) has a blend of ___________________ verses and ____________________ choruses
hip hop; 50s R&B; 60s soul
Doo Wop (That Thing) has a blend of ____________________ elements with 19_____ ___________ and 19____ ______________
instrumentation, dialect, lyrical content, her appearance, and use of fiddles and banjos)
Everyone knows that Taylor Swift started out as a country star, but what were the elements that she used? (ex: Our Song, 2006)
Alternative;indie
"____________________" (& "_______________") became the most common word to describe countermovements
file sharing almost killed Prince's enemy (the record industry), but a new enemy emerged: piracy Prince became the loudest critic of piracy and artists giving away music for free
Discuss Prince's battle with piracy during the 2000s
sense of unease, helplessness, dissatisfaction ("I felt stupid and contagious/Here we are now, entertain us")
Describe the lyrics of Smells Like Teen Spirit
video attempts to capture subversive persona of alt-rock
Describe the message Nirvana is trying to convey in the music video of Smells Like Teen Spirit
slower speed, often with laid-back feel
Describe the sound of G-Funk
psychological lyrics tied to both film Purple Rain and to Prince's life (the influence of parents on their children)
Explain the lyrics of When Doves Cry?
listeners believe they have a personal connection with the superstar sometimes feeling like they are singing solely to/for them
Explain the paradox of identifying with celebrities
Taylor Swift
Extremely popular artist who writes all of their songs by themself (along or in collaboration)=$$$
The Artist Formerly Known as Prince
From 1993-2000, the media dubs Prince as "_________________________________________________________" b/c of his unpronounceable name
funk; George Clinton
G-Funk has frequent use of ____________ samples from pioneering 1970s musician __________________________
Dr. Dre
G-Funk is a style of gangsta rap developed/pioneered by ________________
ragtime, the blues, jazz, R&B (-> rock 'n' roll)
What are some earlier types of music that crossed over and became mainstream?
mainstream, conscious hip hop, and gangsta rap
What are the 3 styles of hip hop that was created in the 1980s?
how recordings are made how recordings reach us/what form they take how we hear recordings how we pay for recordings
What are the 4 general technological changes that has happened from the 90s to the 21st-c.?
themes of alienation, anxiety, apathy, and cynicism
What are the themes of grunge's lyrics?
George Strait
What artist is an example of 1980s-90s neo-traditional country?
modification (mixing, extending, and scratching) of disco and funk records
What did DJs in early hip hop use to create a new kind of music? (something new out of something old)
Master of Ceremonies
What does MC stand for?
Parents Music Resource Center
What does PMRC stand for?
peer-to-peer
What does p2p stand for?
He struggles with his record company (Warner Entertainment) over rights
What happens b/t Prince and his record company in the early 1990s?
new sonic atmosphere starts, heavy reverb
What happens halfway through the song, Bodysnatchers?
autobiography, tabloid celebrity, and art intertwined
What has been a theme from Bob Dylan to Prince to Swift?
P-Funk
What is George Clinton's nickname?
a drum machine
What is a Roland 808?
neo-soul or kind of like being "woke"
What is another name for conscious hip hop?
straightforward verse-chorus form (w/ bridge)
What is the musical form of Blank Space?
Rapper's Delight
What is the name of the first big hip hop/rap record that helped popularize rapping beyond NYC?
guitar driven with heavy distortion
What is the sonic power of alt-rock?
The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill (1998)
What is the title of Lauryn Hill's solo album?
verbal bragging
What is toasting?
Breakin' (1984)
What movie was important to mainstreaming hip hop (music, dancing, and fashion)?
synthesizers, digital sequencers and electric guitar
What new technology was used in When Doves Cry that help create the blend of funk, post-disco dance music, and hard rock and roll?
He wrote, produced, and recorded the song
What role did Prince play in the creation of When Doves Cry?
electric guitar
What specific instrument is mainly used in grunge rock?
conscious hip hop
What style of hip hop is Doo Wop (That Thing)?
1989
What was Swift's 1st official pop album that won her the Grammy award for album of the year, and yielded 3 #1 hits?
Reputation (2017)
Taylor Swift's album, ____________________, continues the theme of satirizing her media stereotype
2010
Taylor Swift, in ___________, is closest to country pop
2006
Taylor Swift, in ___________, was in b/t country pop and neo-traditional country
2014
Taylor Swift, in ____________, is way past country pop, nowhere near country
drum machine and synthesizer
The Message uses these new recording technology devices
1982
The Message was recorded by Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five in ____________.
"crossover" in popular music
The Walk This Way remake video visually dramatizes the idea of what?
PMRC
The ________________ commenced in the 1980s to advise record industries to censor and change explicit lyrics partly b/c of Prince
direct
The average payment of Radiohead's album "In Rainbows" was $2.26; it resulted in $2.7 million in __________________ profits (no record company cut)
Parental Advisory sticker
The controversy b/t the PMRC and Prince led to Congressional Hearings, 1985, where the PMRC settled to just putting a ______________________ that is a symbol that these lyrics were explicit
references to cop killing, drug dealing, etc.
The gangsta bragging in Who Am I (What's My Name)? has references to what?
satirizing media stereotype
The lyrics of Blank Space continue Swift's career-long focus on her own relationships-but now _______________________________________________________________
appropriation
The most commercially successful crossover artists have usually been white, raising questions of ________________________
MTV
The rise of _______________ helped promote superstars to become household names.
during our lifetime
The vast scope of 21st-c. technological change in popular music during _________________________ is greater than any time since the 1910s-20s
Radiohead
This British alt-rock band experimented with new models of musical distribution
Bodysnatchers
This hit is an alt-rock song
The Message
This hit record is an early example of social criticism in hip hop
Grandmaster Flash and the Furious 5
This influential hip hop group created in 1979 included one DJ and 5 MCs
Auto-Tune
This is used for live performances and used for innovations in music sound; practically photo-shop for the voice
Blank Space
This song has no country elements, a digital beat infl. by hip hop grooves, and a synth-pop style
Smells Like Teen Spirit
This song has punk elements with pop songwriting
Walk This Way
This song is a quintessential crossover hit
Who Am I (What's My Name)?
This song was based heavily in sampled music of George Clinton
Doo Wop (That Thing)
This song was the #1 single from its album and is recognized as conscious hip hop
When Doves Cry
This song's style is a blend of black-derived influences with heavy metal electric guitar and dance style. It also has an unusual feature b/c no bass was used
alternative music
This type of music is tied to perception of authenticity/integrity vs. commercialism
stadium tours, MTV (music videos), radio, film, TV talk shows, advertisements, etc. (ex.: Prince, Purple Rain)
To promote their superstars, the music industry used powerful marketing tactics. List 4 common tactics used.
country pop
Trends in "______________________" since 1970s incl. borrowing from mainstream pop (1980s-), rock (1990s-), and hip hop (2000s-)
Aerosmith in 1975
Walk This Way was originally written and recorded by _______________________ in ______________.
about dangerous ghetto life
Describe the lyrics in "The Message"
alienation, powerlessness, feeling of being trapped in your own body not being able to do anything
Describe the lyrics of Bodysnatchers.
conscious hip hop
based in political or social issues, incl. race; sometimes controversial (ex. Public Enemy)
Aerosmith
popular hard rock group of the 1970s
grunge
A style of alternative rock
values, social, economic
American Popular Music is a mirror that reflects America's dynamic __________________, _________________ structures, and ____________________ conditions
artistic expression; creativity
American popular music is a craft based in __________________________________________ and dependent upon the _______________________ of its makers
Max Martin and Shellback
As a team, they've written/produced dozens of hits in 2000s and 2010s
1989
Blank Space comes from what Taylor Swift album?
rock; rap
Both albums, from Run-D.M.C. and the Beastie Boys, blend ________ and __________ elements
superstar
Celebrities had long been tied to popular music success, but the 1980s produced a new kind of ______________________.
E. Coast and W. Coast
Gangsta rap brought to light the rivalry b/t ________________________ and _______________________ gangsta rappers in mid 1990s. This rivalry led to the murder of Tupac Shakur and the Notorious B.I.G.
public arguments (celebration of gangsta lifestyle vs reflection of social reality)
Gangsta rap led to _________________________ at a time of rising racial tensions in U.S. (context of Rodney King beating)
grunge
Ge. X became associated with the _________________ movement in the media
media
Generation X is described by the ______________ as distrustful of authority figures, apathetic about the future, anxious, and unmotivated (aka slackers)
auto-tune
Give an example of how recordings are made has changed.
punk; heavy metal/hard
Grunge draws from ______________ rock and _______________________ rock
distorted; intense/anguished
Grunge has loud, ________________ guitar timbres and __________________ vocals
Seattle
Grunge is a style of alternative rock from Pacific NW, esp. _________________
critic
Hill has largely fallen out of sight since Miseducation; has been outspoken _______________ of music industry
neighborhood parties w/ DJs spinning records
Hip Hop/Rap began at these events
South Bronx, NY
Hip Hop/rap has its origins in this economically depressed area
breakdancing, graffiti, dress, and slang
Hip hop culture includes more than music. Name 4 other things it includes.
the lyrics ridicule gangsta men and warn the women who sleep with them
How are Doo Wop (That Thing)'s lyrics critical of gangsta culture?
as a metaphor for musicians' relationship (being powerless) to big record labels
How did Boutwell interpret the lyrics of Bodysnatchers?
led to him having problems in his own relationships
How did Prince's parents' troubled marriage affect him?
released it independently online where users could pay however much or little they wanted
How did Radiohead release their 2007 album "In Rainbows"?
he legally changes his name to an unpronounceable symbol
How does Prince retaliate against his record company in 1993?
with a guitar riff
How does the song, Bodysnatchers, begin?
recording studios to available software in stores (often much less $$$)
How has the making of recordings changed from the 90s to the 21st-c.?
physical objects (CDs, tapes, etc.) to internet delivery (intangibility of MP3 and streaming audio)
How has the way recordings reach us/what form they take changed from the 90s to the 21st-c.?
stereos, walk-mans, etc. to ipods, MP3, phones, computer, etc. (they replace dedicated music hardware)
How has the way we hear recordings changed from the 90s to the 21st-c.?
from buying in stores to subscriptions, buying online, etc.
How has the way we pay for recordings changed from the 90s to the 21st-c.?
5
How many grammy awards has Lauryn Hill won for her album, The Miseducation of Lauryn Hill?
has a rhythm influenced by funk; verses are close to rap (not delivered clearly; more rhythmic than melodic)
How was the original Walk This Way a natural fit for a rap-rock remake?
young, white males; profitable
In mid 1980s, hip hop "crosses over" and draws a wider base of listeners (incl. _______________________), and it becomes increasingly _________________________ for record companies
p2p
In the 21st-c., there was a rise of ________________ file sharing where people could share songs so that they could listen to other songs without having to buy them
Fugees
Lauryn Hill started her career with this hip hop trio in the 1990s
horn section, soulful singing, and vocal harmonies
List the 1950s R&B and 1960s soul elements of Doo Wop (That Thing)
Beastie Boys and Run-D.M.C.
List the 2 pivotal groups in the popularizing of hip hop.
rapped verses, scratching, and use of drum machine instead of human drummer
List the hip hop aspects of the 1986 remake of Walk This Way.
Can't Touch This (M.C. Hammer) sampled Super Freak (Rick James) Ice, Ice, Baby (Vanilla Ice) sampled Under Pressure (Queen)
M.C. Hammer and Vanilla Ice both sampled from someone else's song _________________________ (M.C. Hammer) sampled __________________________ (Rick James) __________________________(Vanilla Ice) sampled __________________________ (Queen)
rapping over breakbeats and had a tradition of toasting
MCs began as hosts of large dance parties w/ DJs, but then started to do what during early hip hop?
middle-class families
Members from Run-D.M.C. and the Beastie Boys came from ________________________ families
tribalism
Music and identity: _________________ in contemporary music preferences
DJs; digital sampling
Music borrowing in hip hop began with the use of records by __________, but _______________________________ allowed for more complex forms of borrowing
M.C. Hammer and Vanilla Ice
Name 2 artists that fall under mainstream hip hop
Kurt Cobain
Nirvana is a grunge band from Washington State fronted by singer-guitarist _______________________
Nevermind
Nirvana's second album __________________ (1991) broke into mainstream and drew national attention to grunge
elimination
Over time, Swift had a gradual ____________________ of country elements in music and appearance
unstable
Prince came from an ____________________ home
sexually;explicit
Prince has a ______________________ charged image and __________________ lyrics
Little Richard & James Brown
Prince has been compared to __________________________ for how gender fluid and explicit his lyrics were. He has also been compared to _________________________ for his stage appearance and explicit lyrics
1990s
Prince's battle with the record industry was during the ______________
2000s
Prince's battles with piracy was during the ______________
musicians; Louisiana
Prince's parents were _____________________ who came from __________________________.
punk; experimental
Radiohead blended ____________-influenced rock with _____________________ sounds
Chic's Good Times
Rapper's Delight was based off of this past song
Sylvia Robinson
Rapper's Delight was produced by this woman who is the "mother of hip hop"
rap-rock
Run-D.M.C. and the Beastie Boys are groups that crossed over with __________________
Rick Rubin
Run-D.M.C. and the Beastie Boys both had albums that was released on Def Jam records (founder: Russell Simmons) and both were produced by ___________________________
albums
Run-D.M.C. and the Beastie Boys both had extremely successful ______________________ in 1986
Raising Hell; Licensed to Ill
Run-D.M.C. and the Beastie Boys both had extremely successful albums in 1986: Run-D.M.C.: "_______________________" (3 million records sold) Beastie Boys:"_________________________" (7 million records sold)
legally and artistically
Sampling became more controversial, both ________________________ and ____________________________
country
Since 1970s, ________________ singers have had crossover success on mainstream pop charts
punk; pop
Smells Like Teen Spirit blends the intensity and timbres of hardcore ________________ with elements of conventional _____________ songwriting
conventional verse/chorus form clear melody (even if screamed)
Smells Like Teen Spirit has punk and pop songwriting elements. List these elements
quiet; loud
Smells Like Teen Spirit has verses that are _____________ and the chorus is _____________
decline of the record industry listeners' expectations of no cost (b/c a world of music became available at your fingertips for free) new payment models struggle (young musicians can't earn $ for their records, making musical careers much more difficult)
What were the effects of p2p file sharing?
soul and funk
When Doves Cry was influenced by what 2 styles of music?
1984
When did Prince write, record, and produce When Doves Cry?
2007
When was Bodysnatchers recorded?
1998
When was Doo Wop (That Thing) recorded?
1979
When was Rapper's Delight recorded?
1991
When was Smells Like Teen Spirit recorded?
1993
When was Who Am I (What's My Name)? recorded?
1986
When was the new version of Walk This Way recorded?
gangsta lyrics
Who Am I (What's My Name)? contains references to Snoop's earlier collaborations with Dr. Dre (___________________ lyrics)
syncopation;double meanings; slang
Who Am I (What's My Name)? has a rhythmically creative rap delivery (_______________________), word play (_____________________________), and a heavy use of ___________________ (understandable to some, not others)
Atomic Dog
Who Am I (What's My Name)? samples from George Clinton's "________________________"
Ice-T and NWA
Who are 2 people who fall under gangsta rap?
Snoop Doggy Dogg and Eminem
Who are Dr. Dre's 2 proteges?
Kenny Rogers, Jason Aldean, Taylor Swift
Who are some country artists that have borrowed from either mainstream pop, rock, or hip hop?
Max Martin and Shellback
Who produced Blank Space?
Dr. Dre
Who produced Who Am I (What's My Name)?
Taylor Swift; 2014
Who recorded Blank Space and when was it recorded?
Sugarhill Gang
Who recorded Rapper's Delight?
Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five
Who recorded The Message?
Snoop Doggy Dog
Who recorded Who Am I (What's My Name)?
Run-D.M.C. with Aerosmith
Who recorded the new version of Walk This Way?
Taylor Swift, Max Martin, and Shellback
Who wrote Blank Space?
Sylvia Robinson, Ed Fletcher, and Melle Mel
Who wrote The Message?
Joe Perry and Steven Tyler
Who wrote Walk This Way?
George Clinton, Gary Shider, Snoop Doggy Dogg, and David Spradley
Who wrote Who Am I (What's My Name)?
Radiohead
Who wrote and recorded Bodysnatchers?
Lauryn Hill
Who wrote and recorded Doo Wop (That Thing)?
Nirvana
Who wrote and recorded Smells Like Teen Spirit?
it can teach us about other people, history, and ourselves it has a good beat and you can dance to it
Why do we learn about music?
to revive Aerosmith's career
Why does Aerosmith work with RUN-D.M.C. to recreate and rerecord Walk This Way?
Prince
_________________ Rogers Nelson is a producer and extremely talented musician on multiple instruments who grew up in Minneapolis, Minnesota
mainstream hip hop
aimed toward broad commercial success
John Travolta
celebrity that is good at pulling in new types of music and making a movie that helped to make it more mainstream
neo-traditional country
countermovement, push-back against country pop
Generation X
generation born b/t baby boomers (mid 1960s) and millennials (mid 1980s)
gangsta rap
hip hop with lyrics based in criminal lifestyle
Nirvana
most commercially successful grunge band; brought grunge into mainstream in early 1990s
Napster
p2p file sharing began with a website called ___________________ in 1999, then soon others followed
G-Funk
style of W. Coast gangsta rap
american popular music
this is a tool for the construction and articulation of listeners' identities
gangsta rap
this type of hip hop was initially on the fringe-not mainstream