Mus 237 Final

Sly and the Family Stone imitated Motown's _____.

stress on back beat

What were horns used for in James Brown's music?

to punctuate the rhythm

R.E.M.'s Out of Time (1991) album included "Losing My Religion," and the album, that single, and its video all _____.

won 1992 Grammy Awards

The Dublin-based band U2 emerged as a symbol of optimism and peace for the eighties, and like the band R.E.M., they ____

worked together to craft a thick instrumental timbre to which vocals were added

Formed in 1971, the New York Dolls were five men who donned lipstick, heavy eye makeup, and stacked heels to perform songs about _____.

"bad girls", sex, and New York Street life

Desmond Dekker's songs were revived by some of the _____ in England during the late seventies, and the band the Specials worked with him to record the album King of Kings in 1993.

2 Tone Ska Bands

Michael Jackson's Thriller videos on MTV helped the album sell extremely well and also helped MTV out of the bind of having too few _____.

African American Artists

DJ Kool Herc influenced an early hip-hop disc jockey, _____, whose stage name was that of an African Zulu chief and translated as "Chief Affection."

Afrika Bambaataa

Who were the Black Spades?

Afrika Bambaataa's crew of graffiti artists

British and American West Coast punk bands dressed in torn secondhand clothing with large safety pins holding the pieces together to symbolize their common theme of ____

Anarchy

_____ made a new appearance on heavy-metal stages with such eighties performers as Mötley Crüe from Los Angeles and Twisted Sister from New Jersey.

Androgynous hairdos and makeup

The powerful blues revival trio Cream's song "Sunshine of Your Love" was organized around a blues-derived element called a _____, which is a relatively short, low, repeated melody that creates an almost hypnotic effect.

Bass Riff

Led Zeppelin was formed by musicians who had been part of the British blues revival and in their early music, they often used ____

Bass riffs

____ took the hypnotically repetitious bass riff idea of Cream and Led Zeppelin and led British heavy metal into the seventies

Black Sabbath

England had communities of people who had immigrated from Jamaica, and ska became popular there through records, but the British often called ska _____.

Blue Beat Music

David Robert Jones needed a new stage name after 1966 when the Monkees emerged with their British singer, Davy Jones, and because he wanted his musical art to "cut like a knife through lies," he picked the name _____, after the knife.

Bowie

_____ was a form of competition that not only required a great amount of practiced skill, but also provided a bit of positive relief from life in neighborhoods where gang violence was common.

Break Dancing

How was the bass line in a piece of reggae music often emphasized?

By having the lead guitar parallel it in octaves

During the late seventies and early eighties, a few people in the radio-video business were beginning to see that there were possibilities for music television beyond the individual shows of the past, and the best vehicle for such a project seemed to be ___

Cable TV

By the end of 1967, the Moody Blues modified their sound by incorporating a(n) _____ into their rock arrangements.

Classical Orchestra

During the early seventies, Genesis created multimovement works with _____ for their albums.

Classical Overtones

Unlike many of the soul recordings from Memphis, where rough and gritty vocals were the standard, sixties Chicago soul had doo-wop-influenced vocals that reflected a more _____ emotional expressiveness

Controlled

Electric Boogie, Up- Rocking, Moon Walk, Robot

Controlled movements that begin at one appendage and gradually shift to other parts of the body in a wave-like motion, Martial-arts-like motions, A mime like motion in which the dancer stays in one place while moving as if walking, A style in which individual body parts move while the rest of the body is stationary

Bob Dylan's albums Nashville Skyline (1969) and John Wesley Harding (1968), Gram Parsons and the International Submarine Band's album Safe at Home (1967), the Byrds' Sweetheart of the Rodeo (1968), and the Flying Burrito Brothers' The Gilded Palace of Sin (1969) helped forge the style known as _____.

Country Rock

Despite the title and witchcraftlike symbolism on the cover of Black Sabbath's album Sabbath, Bloody Sabbath (1973), the group began to ____

Drift away from their demonic image.

Charlie Daniels, who played hillbilly fiddle, electric guitar, and slide guitar, was a(n) ____

Eclectic Country Musician

The pubs in London were the birthplace of the _____ sound in Britain, beginning with Free, which was formed in 1968

Hard Rock

Identify the contributions of Andy Warhol to the Velvet Underground's first album The Velvet Underground & Nico (1967).

He painted a banana for the cover of the band's album. He had the band add a singer/actress friend, Christa Päffgen, to sing on some cuts.

Identify an accurate statement about Boy George of the Culture Club.

He was flamboyant about both his dress and his lifestyle.

Despite the critical acclaim they received after performing a concerto in 1969, Deep Purple's subsequent efforts moved away from art rock and toward blues-influenced and riff-based _____

Heavy Metal

Despite the critical acclaim they received after performing a concerto in 1969, Deep Purple's subsequent efforts moved away from art rock and toward blues-influenced and riff-based _____.

Heavy Metal

Even though Rush explored sounds outside of its Led Zeppelin-based roots, its music remained sufficiently powerful and distortion oriented to still be considered on the outskirts of _____.

Heavy Metal

The accent played by some instruments in ska music is strong enough to be heard as if it were the main beat, creating a feeling of a delayed beat. For this reason, the ska pattern is often called a(n) _____.

Hesitation Beat

Identify the southern musical styles that Charlie Daniels incorporated in his song "The South's Gonna Do It (Again)." (Check all that apply.)

Hillbilly, Honky Tonk, Boogie Woogy and The Blues

What image and sound did David Bowie return to in the early seventies with his Ziggy Stardust character?

His space-age image and sound

For their Out of Time album, what did R.E.M. expand their instrumentation to include? (

Horns Bowed strings Pedal-steel guitar Mellotron Mandolin Harpsichord

What is the significance of Kid Frost's song "La Raza (La Raza Mix)" from his Hispanic Causing Panic (1990) album?

It became an anthem representing Latin Rap

What is the significance of Charlie Daniels's song "The South's Gonna Do It (Again)?"

It exemplified the southern pride of the entire southern-rock movement

What is the significance of Sly and the Family Stone's song "Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin)" (1970)?

It had the greatest influence on funk music out of all their recordings

What is the significance of the album cover of David Bowie's 1971 album The Man Who Sold the World?

It shaped the glitz and glamour of glitter rock

What were the features of Michael Jackson's music that appealed to listeners?

It was funky and fun

Which rock music style that got started in the late sixties combined the horn section sound of swing dance music with a rock rhythm section and rock beat?

Jazz Rock

What did Duke Ellington refer to when he said, "It don't mean a thing if it ain't got that swing."?

Jazz Style

Identify the features of Led Zeppelin's music of the late sixties that helped to define certain characteristics of heavy metal.

Jimmy Page's drawing a violin bow across the strings of his guitar to create new guitar sounds and Robert Plant's use of screeches and moans as part of his dramatic vocal delivery

Jamaican producer Leslie "King" Kong produced Desmond Dekker's first number-one hit record in Jamaica, "Honour Thy Father and Mother" (1963), which was the first of many Jamaican hits that eventually gave Dekker the title _____.

King of Blue Beat

_____ refers to a move in which appendages relax and then jerk back into position, whereas _____ refers to a move in which appendages jerk as if put out of joint.

Locking and Popping

Since the Moody Blues found it very difficult to work with a large orchestra on a regular basis, the band used an electromechanical instrument called the _____ to imitate the orchestra.

Mellotron

What instruments did reggae groups prominently use?

Modern amplified instruments along with Jamaican percussion instruments

Jazz arrangements, no matter how carefully notated, cannot be effective without the infusion of _____ that jazz musicians bring to a performance.

Musical instincts

Which of the following albums was recorded by Bob Dylan and exhibited a fairly standard country and folk-rock instrumentation—strummed acoustic guitars, electric lead guitars, electric bass, honky-tonk piano, and drums, with the occasional use of pedal-steel guitar, which added more country flavor?

Nashville Skyline

The early bands that belonged to the genre of _____ included Ultravox, Visage, Duran Duran, Spandau Ballet, and the Culture Club, and makeup and androgynous clothing were often part of their look.

New Romanticism

_____ is sometimes also referred to as "Blitz music" because the movement started in British clubs, the most famous of which was Billy's and The Blitz.

New Romanticism

In the late seventies, punk's half-beat pulse, monotone vocals, and emotional alienation were adopted by groups that played more mainstream popular rock styles, and the term __________ began to be used to categorize the music of some of those bands.

New Wave

Many of the pub-rock bands, such as Brinsley Schwarz, Ducks Deluxe, Rockpile, and the Rumour were popular alternatives to punk, and musicians in those groups became important as British _____.

New Wave Artists

Over the years, Black Sabbath began to soften their dark-power-centered image and record _____.

Occasional Ballads

Black Sabbath had one lead guitarist, a bassist, and a drummer to back their central attraction, vocalist ____

Ozzy Osbourne

The central concern of British heavy-metal groups was _____.

Power

Deep Purple was a heavy-metal band that almost turned in the direction of _____ as the band combined elements of this style and heavy metal during their first few years.

Progressive Rock

_____ was an English back-to-the-roots movement that began during the late seventies but did not become commercially successful until later in the decade when many fans finally grew tired of large-scale rock.

Pub Rock

In many ways, DJ Kool Herc is the Father of Hip-Hop because he was the first to introduce Jamaican disc jockeying techniques and toasting into New York's break dancing performances, a combination that led to the development of _____

Rap

In 1968, a fast form of rock steady was recorded by the ska group the Maytals in their recording "Do the Reggay." Eventually this new music that had evolved out of ska was called

Reggae

To Jamaicans, _____ meant "the king's music," and the king to whom it referred was Haile Selassie, the emperor of Ethiopia

Reggae

The Moody Blues was formed in 1967 by musicians who had previously played in _____ bands in Birmingham, England.

Rhythm and Blues

Which structural element of British heavy-metal music was played by the bass, often started on high notes and ended on low notes, and yielded a very heavy, powerful effect?

Riffs

Identify the true statements about British lower- and middle-class teenagers in the midseventies.

Rock music played by wealthy stars surrounded by grandiose stage sets and light shows meant nothing to them. Entertainment in the form of movies and dances was too expensive for them. Stylish clothes were out of their reach.

When country musicians such as Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, and Jerry Lee Lewis performed the blues, they sped up the tempos, changed lyrics, and added country-style instrumental sections, causing the blues to become _____.

Rockabilly

From the MC5 and the Stooges, the New York Dolls took heavily distorted guitar lines and a powerful pounding beat, which they combined with _____

Rolling Stones Like rhythm and blues

Madness's sound was based on the fast ska beat and punk-like drive with shouted vocals that had been started by the Specials, but they also added a rough-toned _____ playing the lead on most of their recordings, giving them a unique sound.

Saxophone

Each member of the New York heavy-metal band Kiss had makeup and style of dress to fit their _____

Self Image

The Specials tried to combine reggae and punk in a new way and found that reggae's ancestor, _____, had a much simpler rhythmic pattern than reggae and could be sped up to a punk tempo more easily.

Ska

_____ was a Jamaican style of music that sometimes combined the beat of rhythm and blues with characteristics of the Jamaican mento, a brass style of Cuban origin, saxophone solos styled after those in rhythm and blues recordings, or forties jazz- or swing-style improvised trumpet or trombone solos.

Ska

R.E.M. was a band that used punk's pounding beat in a pulsating bass and redefined _____ for the eighties.

Southern Rock

_____ was generally an aggressive music played by southern musicians who projected a very macho, stubbornly independent, outlaw image.

Southern Rock

What did the Last Poets express through their graphic lyrics?

Statements that align with Malcom X and others, Civil rights movement

Identify the song that primarily influenced the beginnings of rap in California through the rapper Ice-T who memorized its lyrics as a start at rapping.

Sugarhill Gang's hit "Rapper's Delight"

Which of the following is a style of music that involves systematically organized repetition of a minimal amount of musical material and became popular through the works of composers like Terry Riley, Steve Reich, and Philip Glass?

Systematic music

British punk bands such as _____ shared the poor Jamaican people's anger about police and government brutality and took stands against racism

The Clash

Which movement began in 1968 when the Allman Brothers Band started playing music that combined elements of blues, soul, and country?

The Southern Rock Monevment

In their music and on their stages during concerts, Texan-based band ZZ Top frequently used images of _____

The Southwest

Ska was revived in the late seventies in Coventry, England, by a former punk band, _____, who had played reggae in addition to fast-driving punk.

The Specials

Identify a musical element that is common between reggae and rhythm and blues.

The accented backbeat

In British heavy metal, group names, such as Black Sabbath and Judas Priest, and album covers and posters with symbols of witchcraft and death shocked some parents of fans into believing the music was satanic, but the young fans realized that the songs were more often about ____

The fear of, not the worship, of evil

Identify the elements of Brian Eno's style that are evident in The Joshua Tree, which he produced for U2.

The presence of a new-wave-influenced repeating pulse in the bass The album's clean electronic background effects

Which of the following elements did the members of the Dublin-based band U2 combine to create their own sound?

The rhythm and blues soulfulness of Van Morrison The careful use of electronics to fill out their basic guitar, bass, and drums instrumentation The personal commitment of Bruce Springsteen

What changed the perceptions of female performers as people with meek and sweet personalities, such as in the case of Patti Smith?

The sense of individual freedom of the punk movement The feminist revolution

Which of the following features that characterized hard rock were present in Free's popular recording "All Right Now" (1970)

The song used a riff, heavy guitar distortion, and drum maintained a strong backseat

Which of the following sparked the anger of the American punks? (

Their ex-hippie parents' worn-out values The U.S. government's involvement in the politics of Asian and South American countries The U.S. government's support of an oppressive regime in South Africa

What change did Judas Priest make to their sound in 1974 that expanded its power in much the same way that American southern-rock bands of the late sixties and seventies had?

They added a second lead guitarist

What happened to record and tape sales between 1978 and 1979?

They dropped by 10%

Identify a unique characteristic of the band R.E.M.

They neither stressed instrumental solos nor emphasized their lead singer's vocals.

What change did the Moody Blues make once they started using the mellotron?

They never again added any orchestral instrumentalists to their regular personnel.

What did Maureen Tucker, Tina Weymouth, and Chrissie Hynde have in common?

They were instrumentalists in punk or new-wave groups.

The Allman Brothers Band's two lead guitarists, Duane Allman and Richard "Dickey" Betts, as well as the two drummers, Jaimoe Johanny Johanson (John Lee Johnson) and Butch Trucks, gave the group a distinctive sound as the two lead guitars created a sound that was _____ compared to the usual single lead guitar in most rock.

Thick and full

How did the reggae beat differ from the rhythm and blues beat?

Through the use of syncopated bass lines Through the influence of Latin-styled rhythms

In the Allman Brothers Band's song "Trouble No More," the two lead guitars used a technique often employed in jazz when two musicians improvised together called _____, meaning that the soloists alternate, each playing two-bar phrases.

Trading twos

True or false: Michael Jackson's Thriller, boosted by appearances on MTV, was the best-selling album of its time

True

Many groups in the South, including the Charlie Daniels Band, imitated the _____ of the Allman Brothers Band.

Twin lead guitar and twin drum sound

One of the characteristics of Cream that influenced a lot of hard rock and heavy metal was the bottom-heavy sound created by founder Ginger Baker's use of _____.

Two bass drums

The throbbing pulse that punk bands created by angrily strumming their electric guitars was transformed by new-wave bands into ____

a fast, clear playing of repeated notes on the electric bass

Ska combined so many different styles of music that the sound of different groups often varied considerably. The common element was _____

a four-beat pattern based on rhythm and blues

The long, full hairdos and makeup and songs about drinking and partying popularized by hair bands gave heavy metal _____

a lighter image than it had in the past

The Clash incorporated _____ into some of their own songs, such as "White Man in Hammersmith Palais" (1978).

a reggae beat and reggae bass lines

For the first three years Judas Priest were together, they used the most common early seventies heavy-metal instrumentation—____

a singer, a single guitarist, a bass player, and a drummer

Ska music used a four-beat pattern, but with some instruments playing _____.

a very strong accent on a subdivision just after each of the four beats

Genesis, formed in 1966, used the mellotron to _____

add orchestral effects to their rock sound

U2's Bono shared the 2005 "Person of the Year" award given by Time magazine with Bill and Melinda Gates in recognition of the work he has done to _____

aid impoverished people the world over

The attitude of midseventies British lower- and middle-class teens was one of anger, frustration, and violence; they were ____

antigovernment, antisociety, and antifashion

In contrast to the image projected by most punk singers, Elvis Costello projected a(n) _____.

arrogant yet insecure image

The Texas-based band ZZ Top's hit single "Tush" (1975) followed the twelve bar blues form and had _____ during the instrumental sections.

bottleneck guitar solos

In James Brown's music, _____ were generally minimal.

chord changes

Sly and the Family Stone's interracial, family-of-human-beings image made an important statement in support of the _____ that was under way at the time

civil rights movement

The term disco was first used in post-World War II France when _____

clubs began playing recorded dance music

"My Boy Lollipop" was a hit blue beat single made in Britain by a young Jamaican singer named Millie Small, and the record _____

combined a rock drumbeat with a ska hesitation beat

Members of the New York band Kiss wore colorful and somewhat androgynous outfits and makeup that represented them as _____.

comic book like characters

The style of progressive rock that was played by musicians with extensive classical backgrounds involved the musicians _____.

composing original works in classical structures and recording their own versions of well-known classical pieces

Many of Bill Haley's rock recordings were western swing-styled blues covers, and his western swing style combined _____.

country music and jazz

Many of the artists whose music was sampled by rap vocalists saw the practice as stealing, and the ensuing lawsuits caused rap vocalists to ____

credit the sources of the samples and share royalties

The musicians and singers of disco music did concertize, as have most other rock musicians, but the essence of disco lay in the clubs themselves, where _____

dancers were the performers

The British punk group Madness took their name from the song "Madness" by ska king Prince Buster, who was a _____.

disc jockey in Jamaica in the mid-sixties

During the sixties in post-World War II France, clubs that played recorded dance music were called ____

discotheques

Iron Butterfly's recording of "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida" (1968) was unlike British heavy-metal recordings in that it featured a(n) _____ as its main instrument and added distorted guitar sounds.

electric organ

By the time they recorded "Dance to the Music" in 1968, Sly and the Family Stone had taken James Brown's polyrhythmic vamps using minimal chord changes and added ____

electronic fuzztone

Prince's 1980s Dirty Mind album had a mixture of funk and pop music with fuzztone guitar riffs that attracted a large audience, but it did not get any airplay because of its _____

explicit eroticism

British and American West Coast punk groups wore torn clothing as a symbol of their _____

feelings of alienation

To provide music for break dancers in the tough ghettos of New York, disco jockeys would plug their sound systems into electric power from streetlight poles and play _____

funk or disco music

Sly and the Family Stone's song "Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin)" (1970) was reminiscent of the Memphis soul sound of Booker T. and the MGs, updated with _____

fuzztone guitar and polyrhythms set over minimal chord changes

Ice-T's real concerns were about _____, so he decided to rap on that subject instead of the party type of chatter he used to rap about.

gang violence in his neighborhood

Michael Jackson emerged as a solo star when his first solo album, Off the Wall (1979), _____

had four top ten hits

Whereas the Sex Pistols and other British punks spoke for angry youth who were experiencing a desperate economic situation, the American punks _____

had jobs, clothing and food readily available to them

Rush was a group that spent much of its lengthy career exploring sounds outside of its _____ roots.

hard rock based roots

Many of Elvis Costello's songs befit his neurotic image, centering on relationships, and in particular on _____

insecurity with his relationships with women

One of the leaders of the Latino rappers was Kid Frost who used his raps to point out _____.

instances of police brutality and street violence in his own neighborhood

While at university, Lou Reed played the guitar in rock bands with another guitarist, Sterling Morrison, and the pair met avant-garde composer and multi-instrumentalist John Cale in 1964. The three decided to work together, _____.

leaving traditional rock and roll styles aside to experiment with new forms of expression

Stanley Kubrick's movie 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) and the popular interest in space that was brought on by the American moon landing in 1969 inspired David Bowie's image of an astronaut named Major Tom who in Bowie's "Space Oddity" (1969) chose to _____.

live in alienation from humanity in space over returning to earth

n the fifties and early sixties, female singers generally portrayed _____ as had female pop singers before them.

meek and sweet personalties

Pink Floyd was a rock group that used _____ effectively.

minimalism and nonmusical sounds

What style were funk vocals often sung in?

n a work-song style with a conversational delivery

The beat and vocal style of Elvis Costello's album This Year's Model (1978) were exactly the modern sound _____ fans wanted, and Costello's career was launched.

new wave fans

Prince's style basically combined funk with rock, but it also showed the influences of _____.

new wave, disco, rap

Minimalism as a style of music involves the systematically organized repetition of _____

one or more short bits of melody, called motives

In order to be able to switch from a particular section of one recording that break dancers seemed to like the most to a favorite section of another, DJ Kool Herc decided to _____.

play from two turntables

When the Velvet Underground first formed, lyricist Lou Reed recited his poems to simple and repetitious melodies, while John Cale ____

played a continuous, pulsating drone on his electric viola

One of Elvis Costello's favorite subjects was _____, as was heard on his first single, "Less than Zero" (1977)

politics

One of the differences between funk and disco is that funk uses _____.

polyrhythms

Funk was a very distinctive style that used _____

polyrhythms, syncopated bass lines, and short vocal phrases

Almost any new sound from the sixties onward was temporarily dubbed new wave until it became mainstream and a newer wave took over, but the label finally stuck for the _____

postpunk music of the mid- to late seventies

Punk guitarists and bass players used distortion to cloud melodies or chord changes, whereas new-wave musicians _____

produced clean slick sound

Many British lower- and middle-class teenagers in the midseventies had come to believe they were caught up in an economic and class-ridden social system over which they had no control—one they viewed as _____.

relegating them to a life of near poverty

Recordings in James Brown's protofunk style maintained a single chord for long sections of the music in order to draw attention to the _____

rhythms

One of the styles of progressive rock involved musicians with extensive classical backgrounds who were rock musicians playing for a rock audience but adding a(n) _____ to what was based on a classical work or their own work set in a classically influenced form.

rock rhythm section

During the days of slavery, the poetic lyrics of spirituals included at least two levels of meaning, allowing slaves to tell one another about pathways to freedom while sounding like simple religious songs to white listeners. The term for this is _____________ , and it relates to much rap music.

signifying

Sixties Chicago soul tended to have _____

smooth rhythmic flow

Disco music of the seventies began with the _____ of Detroit and Philadelphia that became popular in homosexual and African American clubs in New York.

soul styles

Rap involved _____ performed in a rhythmic patter over complex, funk-styled rhythms.

spoken lyrics

James Brown's backup musicians maintained a constant rhythmic accompaniment using polyrhythms among the bass, drums, and horn section while _____

still having an accent on the down beat

Unlike funk, disco is all about dancing and, therefore, the entire rhythm section _____

stresses each beat of each four beat bar

ron Butterfly's recording of "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida" (1968) was based on _____ similar to those in British heavy-metal recordings

strong descending bas riff

Rap vocalists who could not use samples had to come up with their own newly recorded arrangements, and _____ became common replacements for samples

synthesizers and drum machines

The neighborhood orientation of much early hip-hop led to the physical identification of city and subway walls by _____, or painting markers that identified whose territory the wall was in.

tagging

The style of patter-talk that DJ Kool Herc used came from his homeland of Jamaica, but it and the vocal styles of other hip-hop disc jockeys were also influenced by a sixties group from Harlem called _____

the Last Poets

Afrika Bambaataa liked to break dance, and he organized his neighbors into what he called _____ around the basic values of freedom, justice, equality, knowledge, wisdom, and understanding.

the Zulu Nation

David Bowie's album The Man Who Sold the World (1971) was heavily influenced by _____.

the dark, repetitious drone of the Velvet Underground

Sly Stone (Sylvester Stewart) and his brother, Freddie Stewart, copied James Brown's hypnotic new protofunk style and formed Sly and the Family Stone. The word family referred both to the fact that Sly's siblings were in the group and that _____

the group included black and white members

Groups of British lower- and middle-class teenagers in the midseventies had grown to detest ___

the lifestyles and the traditional values of their parents

When Boy George started his own new romantic band with bassist Mikey Craig, drummer Jon Moss, and guitarist Roy Hay, they called it the Culture Club because _____.

the members represented different cultural backgrounds

The music of Sly and the Family Stone avoided _____.

the strong backbeat common in rock music styles

The fans of British heavy metal enjoyed the power of the music, horrified their parents who balked at the style's imagery, and indulged themselves in fantasies that represented an aggressive confrontation of _____

things most people fear- evil and death

In 1964, Mary Weiss had a bit of a _____ image, but that was more a reflection of her relationship with the "leader of the pack" than it was a reflection of her own personality.

tough

The band the Velvet Underground met pop artist Andy Warhol in 1965, and he had the band play for _____

traveling art work

One of the defining features of jazz rock was that it almost always used _____, an element more essential to rock than to jazz

vocals

Pink Floyd started as The Pink Floyd Sound, and the group's early repertoire of traditional blues and Rolling Stones-style rhythm and blues was expanded to include _____.

wandering psychedelic improvisations and light shows

Allen Ginsberg's demands for acceptance of homosexuality had, along with other antiestablishment movements of the time, sparked a trend of performers _____, which David Robert Jones developed as his image.

wearing androgynous dress