music ch 7-15
Rick Wakeman and Yes
albums "fragile", "close to the edge", "tales from topographic oceans" -extended compositions, examples of 6th type of classical rock combination only number 1 hit: owner of a lonely heart
first appearances of Rolling Stones
appear on 'thank your lucky stars' in Beatle-like suits later drop this look and adopt sexually suggestive appearance as counter to Beatlemania "I want to be your man" a Beatles song they covered was successful
____ was the center of the progressive country movment
austin
British rock split
beatles v. rolling stones -beatles more experimental and 'clean' -stones repped more aggressive, seamier side of rock
procol harum
began as the Paramounts "white shade of pale" successful highest charting album was "live in concert"
British heavy metal bands
deep purple, Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Ozzy osborne -others: Iron Maiden, Judas Priest, white snake, de Leppard, yngwie malmsteen (Swedish guitarist)
"Jam Band" phenomenon
eclectice groups bring together country, folk, bluegrass, rock, jazz & some punk" phish: one of first bands to use internet to disseminate infor Dave Matthews band: eclectic style that sometimes included elements of world music "crash" "before these crowded streets"
Mike Oldfield's Tubular Bells was used in what movie
exorcist
Jim Morrison and the Doors
first album "the doors" was successful and progressive -"light my fire" hit
in the 70-80s, jazz rock became ____ and art rock became ____
fusion progressive
Waylon Jennings
gave up seat to the Big Bopper the night Bob Dylan died
first jazz rocks (fusion) combined __ with ___. New sound exemplified by Miles Davis' _____
horned lines with basic rock instrumentation Bitches Brew
revival of country rock in 70s
in San Francisco with bands: -Grateful Dead (some of their songs) -New Riders of the Purple Sage -The Flying Burrito Brothers -Pure Prairie League Eagles The Band Charlie Daniels Band Marshal Tucker Band Williw Nelson Waylon Jennings Garth Brooks
mick jagger's early bands and the Rolling Stones beginning
little boy blue, the blue boys -mick and Keith Richards in it -blue boys meet Charlie Watts and Elmo Lewis (Brian jones) at the Ealing Club -Dick Rowe of Decca Records signs the Stones
Chicago
many hit singles between 1969 and 1980s first album "Chicago Transit Authority" was very successful "Chicago VII" contained highly experimental songs early work was more innovative
art rock bands
moody blues deep purple procol harum New York Rock Ensemble Electric light orchestra Frank Zapa Emerson, lake, and palmer
thrash metal and death metal
motorhead, Iron Maiden, diamond head, ACDC death metal: carcass, cadaver, napalm death, slayer
where does the name Rolling Stones come from
named after song by muddy waters
Jewel
one of most successful solo female artists in rock music "pieces of you" "spirit
folk rock paves waves for
singer songwriter and country rock trends
how 70s rock evolved
split between harder side (Rolling Stones) and softer (beatles) led to many styles
H-D-H motown
team of Eddie Holland, Lamont Dozier, Brian Holland that were backbone of many motown artist's success
second wave of motown bands
the four tops the temptations: most popular male group with two lead singers -"my girl" "aint to proud to beg" "get ready" gladys knight and the pips -"I heard it through the grapevine" -left Motown b/c of unfairness Stevie Wonder -auditioned on several instruments at 10 yrs old -"I was made to love her" -"yesterme, yesteryou, yesterday" -many successful albums -one of only Motown artists with full control from Barry Gordy Diana Ross and the Supremes: -female, one of most successful motown groups -Ross solo career
Dylan's late career
"John Wesley harding" released after motorcycle accident that took him out of spotlight for 1.5 years during which he worked with The Band -includes "all along the watchtower" "Nashville skyline" country sounding, includes Charlie Daniels, Johnny Cash, Chet Atkins -"lay lay lady" hit Dylan is model for singer/songwriter as well as folk rock born again and releases religious themed songs before returning to his older style with "infidels" main contribution: lyrics
King Crimson
"Lark's Tongues in Aspic" -many different techniques and instruments used Robert Fripp disbanded group then established own minimalist style involving tape delay called Frippertronics
John Mitchell
"court and spark" -hit "help me" "don juan's reckless daughter" -hit "paprika plains" "Mingus" -collab with Charles Mingus
Moody blues
"days of future passed" and many other albums successful
Bob Dylan and folk rock
"subterranean homesick blues" used drums, electric guitars established sound of folk rock Byrd's folk rock cover of "mr. tambourine man" cited as one of potential initiators of folk rock movement "like a rolling stone" Dylan's first major hit
Jethro Tull
"thick as a brick" made group progressive rock, a single album long composition concept album "a passion play" British band was more successful in US
Atlantic and Stax
-Ahmet Ertegün of Turkish descent formed Atlantic Records with Herb Abramson -success with R&B and soul -partnered with Stax (soulsville USA) and was very important for soul music until the 70s
Rolling Stones Altamont
-Altamont concert festival in US -huge disaster -violence, Hell's Angels security, drugs -"Gimme Shelter" documentary shows it -Stones blamed for violence After Altamonte: -continued violent concerts -"Angie" was last #1 hit until 1978 -"miss you" was first #1 hit in 5 years -
Pop divas in the 1980s and 1990s
-Christina Aguilera, Jessica simpson, Britney spears Whitney Houston: -many hits through 90s Maria Carey: -high technical ability and vocal range -best selling female artist of 90s -$80 million recording contract with Virgin was largest to date
First wave British Invasion bands
-John may all's bluesbreakers -yardbirds
Simon and Garfunkel
-age 15 Paul Simon and Art Garfunkel appear as Tom and Jerry on American Bandstand after "hey schoolgirl" success -"Wednesday morning 3 AM" included Dylan covers, Paul Simon's originals including "sounds of silence" -shared poeticism of Dylan "the Graduate" soundtrack makes them famous -hits "Scarborough fair/canticle" and "mrs. Robinson" "Bookends" -concept album influenced by Sgt. Pepper -song "America" includes commentary "Bridge over troubled water" also successful continue making solo music including Simon's "Graceland"
Nu metal (rap metal)
-aggressiveness of metal fused with misogyny or socio-political commentary bands: -Rage against the machine -korn (leading) -Limp biz kit
The Mamas and the Papas
-another folk rock band -6 top ten hits including "California dreaming," "Monday Monday," "I saw her again," "words of love" -solid vocal harmonies -"pleasing commercial version of folk rock"
Crosby, Stills, Nash, Young
-atypical of singer songwriters b/c they were a group, not solo
Jimmy Hendrix career
-back up guitarists for many groups -first band was Jimmy James and the Blue Flames -started Jimi Hendrix Experience in England with two British musicians, included songs "purple haze" and "like a rolling stone" -only number one album was "Electric Ladyland", including Dylan's "all along the watchtower" which was his only top hit -after ending band did famous rendition of star spangled banner at Woodstock -died of vomit inhalation -most notable for his innovative guitar playing
Black Sabbath and Ozzy osbourne
-black magic, mysticism -nohit singles -osbourne became successful solo artist
American heavy metal bands
-blue cheer -iron butterfly -steppenwolf -MC5 -Grand Funk Railroad -Motley Crue -Twisted Sister -WASP -Quiet Riot -Slipknot Alice Cooper -legendary stage antics Kiss -theatrics connected American heavy metal to British glam rock -Gene Simmons bassist and colead singer Rush (from Canada), concept albums Guns N' Roses -LA based quintet "sweet child o' mine" -Axl rose lead singer bad body behavior Van Halen -LA based quintet -brothers Eddie and Alex Van Halen -hit single "jump" Metallica -California based quartet -"doom and gloom" of heavy metal -many albums were successful
John mayall's bluesbreakers
-blues and blues based rock -mick Taylor from stones, Eric Clapton, John mcvie Stones converted his blues sound to blues-based rock
jazz and rock
-both from early blues -jazz players resented rock, which was younger and its players were less technically proficient bands emerged combing both
Karn Evil 9
-by Emerson lake and palmer A. Story of a heroic knight who travels to the future to heal the ills of society B. 3 impressions C. Fine example of the use of rock vocabulary to create an extended art music composition
Billy Joel
-classically trained pianist -"piano man" -musical chamelion
Willie Nelson
-country artist -redneck hippie "blue eyes crying in the rain" opened doors for crossovers by country artsits
Clint black
-country singer -rock influenced and stretches definition of country music with "put yourself in my shoes" -hybrid genre songs
the byrds
-cover of "mr tambourine man" is first folk rock hit -"turn turn turn" and "eight miles high" also hits -"eight miles high" is controversial because of clear drug reference "The Notorious Byrd brothers" is progressive in folk rock and country sounds, references politics, drugs Breakup: constant changing of members affected band and McGuinn was only one remaining, disbanded it if original members stayed together, probably more successful
Yardbirds
-direct link between blues-based rock and hard rock/metal -Eric Clapton, jimmy page, Jeff beck-all great guitarists "For your love" was initial success rave up: improvisatory solo breaks up to 30 minutes -guitarists jimmy page goes on to establish Led Zeppelin
first Rolling Stones US tour
-disaster, but met Muddy Waters, Chuck Berry, Willie Dixon at Chess Studios -not well attended
characteristics of San Francisco bands
-drug oriented (acid and psychedelic rock) -loud concerts -emphasis on instrumentalists as well as singers -electronic effects -many considered chart success embarrassing, so was common to not have hit singles
Marvin Gaye
-drummer for The Miracles that wrote many songs for Motown's female singers "I heard it through the grapevine" hit albums: "what's going on?" and "lets get it on" H-D-H formular for success
Pink Floyd
-elaborate live performances "dark side of the moon" was turning point toward success -longest running heart album in history "the wall" -concerts involved building a literal brick wall other albums "The Division Bell" and "PULSE"
Motown
-emerged in Detroit, Michigan -Berry Gordy, failed record store owner, started Tamla Records which became Motown Records
Progressive Rock
-evolved from art rock -created longer complex works to be taken as seriously as classical music includes: Pink Floyd, King Crimson, Jethro Tull other British art rockers: Soft Machine, Gentle Giant, Henry Cow, Electric Light Orchestra (more popular),
janis joplin
-first band Big Brother and the Holding Company -went solo last album Pearl with #1 hit "me and bobby McGee" -mainstream rock with gospel, blues-oriented vocals -"white soul singer" -one of first female vocal rock stars (along with grace slick) -unique voice
impact/significance of Stones
-first rock group with negative image, based on band's and fan's actions -rallying point for antisocial, rebellion, violent side of rock -initiated path influential to hard/punk rock, heavy metal, gangsta rap Music: simplicity, repetition, frequent use of blues scale
soul music
-free expression of feelings -roots in south or church -emotional performance -Apollo Theater in Harlem
MArshall Tucker Band
-heart it in a love song"
"symphony for the devil"
-jazz rock transformative rendition of Stones song blood sweat and tears -3 sections: "emergence" "devil's game" "submergence"
70s "singer songwriters"
-label of choice for folk rock influenced performers -composed and sang own songs, not oriented toward mainstream rock Joni Mitchell Carole King James Taylor Jim Croce Billy Joel Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Yung
The Eagles
-most successful country rock band "one of these nights' "hotel california"
bob Dylan's early career
-moves to NYC for fame, meets Woody Guthrie -auditions for Columbia with "you're no good" -first album shows his lyrical skill "Freewheeling Bob Dylan" caught attention of folk community -Peter, Paul, and Mary's cover made "blowin in the wind" famous -anthem of youth movements in 60s At Newport Folk Festival in '63 Dylan named as "messiah" of youth folk movement "The Times they are a-changing" makes him major figure in folk, another youth anthem but more politically charged "another side of Bob Dylan" is less political
Carole King
-one of leading female singer songwriters of 70s -part of the famous Brill Brinding group of songwriters, composed many hit songs for many artists "You make me feel like a natural woman" -later covered by Aretha Franklin
Jefferson Airplane
-or Jefferson Starship, Starship, or Starship: Next Generation -first San Fran band to get recording contract with major label -album "Surrealistic pillow" was successful with "somebody to love" and "white rabbit" -Grace Slick first real female rock star from band -some experimental music hits "We Built this city" "Sara" "nothing's going to stop us now"
blood sweat and tears
-original 8 man lineup that changed frequently -vocalist David Clayton-Thomas self titled album hits "you've made me so very happy" "spinning wheel" and "and when I die" "Blues--Part II" is complex piece that illustrates potential of Jazz Rock
Reggae musical characteristics
-originated in Jamaica mid 60s, led by Bob Marley -gentle dry staccato beat -guitar accompaniment -moderate tempos -jamaican dialect -political beliefs
Garth Brooks
-perfect example of country crossover artists in 90s -top selling solo artist "roping the wind" "no fences" -recorded some as fictional Australian rock star "Chris Gaines"
The Grateful Dead
-quintessential "San Fran" band of free spirits -led by Jerry Garcia -roots in folk but turned to psychedelic rock and formed the Warlocks, taking place in experiment Ken Kesey's Acid Tests -progressive music -first album "the Grateful Dead" was not successful, but they were't seeking success as they weren't a studio band and focused on live concerts -5 hour concerts, many free -encouraged bootleg and "tap trading" recordings "live/dead" first live album, considered their best album of 60s
deep purple
-ritchie Blackmore -succesful mainstream rock -"smoke on the water" turned to art rock
Smokey Robinson
-singer for The Miracle -signed with Tamla/motown -wrote many songs for other motown artists
"Satisfaction" era of Rolling Stones
-song composed while resting in motel room during third US tour, and go to Ed Sullivan Show -very successful but controversial -Brian Jones fired b/c of drug use, missed recording, replaced by Mick Taylor -Jagger, Richard, Jones arrested for drugs -Beatles' Sgt. Pepper's release is a reality check -'Their Satanic Majesties Request' is a response to it, but failed -two bands were actually friends -return to R&B mainstream rock with "Jumping Jack Flash", "Sympathy for the Devil" -Brian Jones dies, very bad performance in front of 250k fans
James Taylor
-style setters of post-dylan singer songwriters "James Taylor" first album "Sweet Baby James" was more successful -hit "fire and rain"
The Who
-was "mod" group in London and successful in the UK with "my generation" and "substitute" -musicals/operas: Tommy, LIfehouse, Quadrophenia,
The Band
-was Dylan's back up group after he moved to folk rock -partly responsible for re-emergence of country rock
meter in heavy metal and alt rock
. Style in both heavy metal and alternative rock is generally simple and repetitive with some exceptions
soft rock in 70s
Carpenters: hottest soft rock of 70s, brother and sister team hit "they long to be close to you" Barry Manilow Neal Diamond Lionel Richie: -"endless love" duet with Diana ross -started with Commodores band hits: truly, you are, my love -hello, -co authored "we are the world" with MJ
non theatrical art rock without orchestral accompaniment: bands
Emerson, lake, palmer: -Keith Emerson and Greg Lake -"Brain Salad Surgery" -musical high point in extremely impressive series of releases -include Karn Evil 9 Frank Zappa -Soul Giants to name of Mothers of Invention -diverse musically -"Freak Out!" called first concept album, before Sgt. Pepper -had double albums with extended works -"help I'm a rock" is in arch form
James Brown
Godfather of Soul -style of southern soul -member of Famous Flames -"please please please" and "try me" hits -band James Brown Revue -dancing style and shouting vocals and live show antics biggest hit: "I Got you (I feel good)" -also "papas got a brand new bag" -"living in america" in film Rocky IV
other soul singers
Jacky Wilson Ike Turner
who has the reputation of one of rock's finest guitarists
Jeff Beck-Yardbirds, then made his career into jazz rock fusion
san franisco artists/bands
Jefferson Airplane Grateful Dead Janis Joplin Steve Miller Band Santana Creedence Clearwater Revival
led zeppelin
Jimmy Page, Robert Plant, John Bonham, John Paul Jones -premier British heavy metal band of 70s -"stairway to heaven" most famous song
other folk rockers
Joan Baez: involved in social protest, "Diamonds and Rust" was first rock album that poked fun at Dylan's Diamond and Rust and Simple Twist of Fate Judy Collins: "send in the clowns" Sonny and cher: Buffalo Springfield: Donovan (scotsman with "mellow yellow" flower power song, and "hurdy gurdy man")
jazz/fusion rock bands/artists
John McLaughlin: -premier fusion guitarist, band Mahavishnu Orchestra -closer to progressive rock weather report: -closer to jazz rock -etheral sound Herbie Hancock Chick Corea Santana: -roots in blues -latin and African rhythms Albums include: -caravanserai -amigos -blues for salvador -Supernatural (regained their popularity after 10 years) Band leader: Carlos Santana Earth, Wind, and Fire -Maurice White -smooth vocals, baritone and falsetto voices, rock based complex rhythms among different instruments -set high standard for horn dominated jazz music Tower of Power: -Lenny Williams singer, R&B influenced Other artists: Jeff Beck Chuck Mangione Steely Dan
other popular rock operas/musicals
Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat (1968) Jesus Christ Superstar (1971) Godspell (1971) The Wiz (1975) Evita (1978) Grease (1978) Hair (1979)
Aretha Franklin
Lady Soul -first soul album "I never loved a man the way I love you" was #2 -"Respect" was only #1 hit -seven top ten singles before end of 1968
art rock
Many Art Rockers had an outdated notion of classical music B. Some groups unnecessarily softened their rock style
Rolling Stones members
Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Brian Jones (elmo lewis), Charlie watts, dick Taylor (replaced by bill Wyman)
Woodstock
One of the most famous musical events of the twentieth century was Woodstock, an outdoor music festival that took place August 15-18, 1969. Over 450,000 people gatheredin upstate New York to take part in what would later come to symbolize the social, political, and musical atmosphere of the late 1960s. For three days, people lived on a field, espoused free love, and listened to an extraordinary line-up of musicians, including Jimi Hendrix (who played his now world-renowned version of the "Star-Spangled Banner"), Janis Joplin, the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, and many others. In order to sign many of these bands, the concert organizers offered previously unheard of monetary amounts to the musicians, providing twice the amount these bands were usually paid. Woodstock's "Three Days of Peace and Music" theme turned out to be not far from the truth and the festival's dove and guitar symbol aptly symbolizes the "make love, not war" mentality, which was fueled by the music of the day
jazz rock bands
Paul Butterfield Blues Band and Barry Goldberg Blues Band (Blues Project) Blood Sweat and Tears Chicago Chase Dreams
6 means by which to combine elements of rock and classical music
Quote a classical excerpt in the midst of a rock song Use a classical melody as the basis of a rock song Create a series of rock songs conceived as units in a larger form Adapt a full classical work to a rock-style performance Create a work for rock group and classical ensemble Using the musical language of rock, create an extended work modeled after a classical form
Charlie Daniels Band
The Devil Went Down to Georgia -50/50 blend of country and rock
Genesis
The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway (1974) successful trio
Female motown groups
The Marvalettes (please mr. postman) Martha and the Vandellas -Martha was secretary at Motown, "heat wave" and "dancing in the street"
Rock opera/theatrical work bands
The Who Rick Wakeman and Yes Genesis