Musicology Test 2

Dead Heads

fans that followed Grateful Dead around from show to show. Most didn't even make it into the actual concert, just tailgated. This created a sense of community and resulted in the band being about live shows more than making it big on the charts.

Singer/songwriters-James Taylor

First American artist that the Beatles signed to their apple record label Went to rehab for heroin and wrote a song about it "Fire and Rain"

The Holy Modal Rounders

Folk music duo Peter Stampfel and Steve Weber. Rock-n-roll hotel with names of rooms named after singers. From Greenwich Village. Laid groundwork for contemporary folk music.

Singer/songwriters- Neil Young

Godfather of Grunge" Buffalo Springfield long solo career with acoustic guitar, more recent years he plugs in, toured with sonic youth & Pearl Jam, did tour called Live Rust with band Crazy Horse with half set by himself and other half with his band, folk rocker

Reggae

Grew out of American R&B in Jamaica; very rhythmically based music; emphasis on bass and drums. Born out of conflicted, hierarchical society with corruption at the top.

Wilson Pickett

Head musician at Atlantic Records; "The Jerk" dance

Jerry Wexler

Head of Atlantic. Coined the phrase "rhythm and blues"; liked how Stax didn't use charts for more authentic music; worked for Billboard magazine

Symbolism

Rap over Rock as the new youth music; that's when hip hop broke through to mainstream audience

Woody Guthrie

Highly influenced Bob Dylan, wrote "This Land is Your Land"

The Stones

Try their hand at psychedelic rock- Beatles put out psychedelic album, so Stones did; album was "Her Satanic Majesties' Request" Altamont- free concert; someone got killed at this show. 300,000 people. different mood than woodstock. A fire broke out. The Grateful Dead refused to play. Hells Angels motorcycle group were the police they hired paying them with beer. An eighteen year old black fan pulled a gun at the front of the stage and was then beaten to death. Since this murder it caused many people to view Altamont as the event that marked the end of the hippie era. Controversy - Raised question of rock as art in a different way than Beatles (they pushed what was acceptable/boundaries); Billboard "I'm 'Black and Blue' from the Rolling Stones-and I love it!" with nearly naked woman w/ bruises; some people think they might have "pushed it" too far sometimes; Racist, sexist, obscene? Or is it art? Combination? some say that they copied the beatles.

Sgt. Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band

a pseudo band for the Beatles; one of the greatest and most important rock albums due to the experimentation; they wanted people to listen to the album as a whole because it was not just a collection of singles; contained a wide collection of different sounds; created album that connected songs - created new way of thinking about rock album because they thought "we want you to listen to the entire thing"

Gerdes Folk Village

a venue for music located in Greenwich Village

Iggy Pop and the Stooges

aggressive loud garage band style with pop, controversial music at the time, one of the first crowd surfers and given credit for doing the first stage dive, inspired by the doors (Jim morrison) and his performance to the crowd, originally from MI, great at writing hooks. Name came from high school band Iguanas→ Iggy

Booker T and the MGs

band consisting of black and white singers. The studio singers for all bands at STAX

Peter, Paul, Mary

band put together by a producer and crossed folk over to the pop charts. political → "Puff the Magic Dragon"

CBGBs

bar/club that host shows, the birth of the punk scene, hangout place where musicians were let in for free creating a community. Intended to stand for Country Blue Grass and Blues.

Dark Side of the Moon

basically the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club of the 70's; using nonmusical sounds in the music

Black Sabbath

began as a blues band, their music was based on blues riffs and common rock structures. --Ozzy Osborne- was black sabbath singer.when the band parted ways, Ozzy went to a solo career as one of the most prominent practitioners of heavy metal. --"doom" rock=heavy metal. their music caused parents to hate this music because parents thought it gave the image of suicide and caused people to commit suicide. had gothic touches.

Anti-authoritarianism

belief in full equality before the law and strong civil liberties

Motown versus Stax/Atlantic

both: singers were black; Motown(Motor City - started in Detroit) : ALL workers were black, sounded white; Stax: white songwriters and producers, had more "black" sound

George Clinton

brings notion of black identity to forefront; clever w/ record companies - he released albums under more than one company with different band names (e.g. Parliament, Peak Allstars); spent a lot of money on staging Mothership Connection uses the symbol of the mothership as a spiritual reference. He was a symbol of Christ bringing people to the "Motherland"

Van Halen

brought heavy metal style to mainstream.

Choreographer Cholly Atkins

choreographed and taught all dances used in concerts for motown artists; took away a lot of "sexiness"; hired by Gordy

Aerosmith

considered mainstream metal, got compared to Rolling Stones at first. Steven Tyler and Mick Jagger had things in common (stage presence, looks somewhat, big mouth). Aerosmith is the biggest selling American rock band ever.

Experimentation- Zeppelin

created a sonic palette by double tracking vocals, creating deep reverb layering electric guitars. Zeppelin took many musical risks.

Studio Experimentation

created an atmosphere to spend large amounts in the studio (no limitations); Mellotron (keyboard instrument that imitates sounds)

Marvin Gaye

early motown artist that convinced Berry Gordy to release his song about the Vietnam War. One track had two recordings of his voice on it, but he liked it and decided to keep it; most popular songs "I heard it through the grapevine" and "How sweet it is (to be loved by you"; "Prince of Motown" and "Prince of Soul"

Malcolm McLaren

entrepreneur, managed the NY dolls for a while, British punk, opened a store in london called "Sex", clothing style that became associated with punk, anti-establishment elements, angry unemployed youth were the main customers

Ziggy Stardust

experimenting with sexuality, who he would dress with as, glam rock

The Cold War

soviet union VS. US; bomb drills

Johnny Rotten and Sid Vicious

spoke to the angry youth population, usher in 1980's hard core punk; Syd: dark bassist who cut himself up

Talking heads (new wave)

started in Punk Rock but took in different direction with music, toned down music, pop orientated called new wave which was more mainstream version of what was happening in the pop world, later moved farther away from punk roots, pulsating beats, flash elements, monotone vocal style; integrated all kinds of music into what they were doing

Lou Reed

studied creative writing in college and then worked as a professional songwriter. left the velvet underground in 1970.

Pink Floyd

the band did not fit into a particular genre due to the extreme experimentation; (thus the styles listed below). the band did not fit into a particular genre due to the extreme experimentation; (thus the styles listed below) Psychedelic Rock Art Rock = Progressive rock:Borrows heavily from classical music by *utilizing orchestral instruments *borrowing from song forms and how songs are put together, *borrow from the emphasis on technical virtuosity - music that is difficult to play *Idea of using noise, nonmusical sounds

Dead Shows

the band would let people bootleg their shows. It was a very obvious rejection of old ways. They did not intend to make a lot of record sales. Their fans were interested in live tracks.

The Fragmentation of Rock

the different style: folk rock, punk, funk, country rock, disco, new wave, singer songwriters, heavy metal, southern rock, hard rock, progressive rock

Greenwich Village

the epicenter of the Folk Revival

The Who

the first Rock Opera

The Death of MLK and the changing sound of black music in America (also see "Changing Style" below)

the mood changed which made the music change, there was less gospel music and more funk. Aretha Franklin sang at the Funeral. The dream had died with the Dreamer with music beginning to change; Black Power and Black Pride Movement

The Doors

the most commercially known band out of the psychedelic era. The Doors self-title debut album hit number 1, "light my fire" also hit number one as a single, they also had a few others who stayed in top 5 range.Z. One of the first bands to have professional music videos.

Emmylou Harris

thought Gram was the person who convinced the rock world country music was okay; singing style with Gram was everywhere

Elvis Costello

toned down version of punk referred to as new wave black listed from SNL for playing "Radio Radio"; Buddy Holly image

experimentation

trying different drugs to reach deeper states of consciences; experimentation with different religions; sexual relationship experimentation

Eddie Van Halen

very fast guitar playing, takes "tapping" to another level.

Pete Townshend

visited Asia and changes the songwriting to be more of enlightenment, guitarist and songwriter. interested in Buddhism which he gave up drugs for this lifestyle - letting go of attachments; had idea to write songs w/ synthesizer (with Meher Baba's vitals)

Motown Formula

wanted to make music for the mass appeal (blacks and whites); polished sound for white people to like it too

Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five

was a dj in the south bronx: in 1982 they put out the first song about the inner city and the bronx

Apple Records

was a label the beatles owned. James Taylor was the first American artist they signed to Apple.

the Velvet Underground

while hippies and flower power were dominating rock in the late 1960s the velvet underground often looked at the darker side of life. Known as a major influence. Really no one bought their album but whoever did buy it went out and started their own band (mentioned also in start of punk scene); "indie rock band"; didn't like cymbals on the drums, so drummer didn't use them New York

Yardbirds

yardbirds was the initial name of the band; Jimmy Page was the only member from the yardbirds that transitioned into the band named Led Zeppelin.

Woodstalk

½ million fans on 600 acres of rolling country side for three days of music, community, and sheer psychedelic ecstasy. There was traffic jams that caused performers having a hard time getting there which resulted to them being flown in which caused the 1st artist playing for three hours waiting for other performers to arrive. Governor of New york declared it a disaster area and help arrived from the national guard and other agencies. estimated 450,000 ppl in attendance; shut down NY interstate system so performers had to be flown in (NY passed a law after show to prohibit traffic problems); Shining moment for counter culture; "Three Days of Peace and Music" was mantra; all these performers: Montery people: Country Joe McDonald, Robby Shankar, Janis Joplin, Grateful Dead, the Who, Jefferson Airplane, Arlo Guthrey, Joan Baez, Santana, Sly and the Family Stone, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Joe Crocker, 10 years after, Crosby Stills Nash and Young, The Band, Sha Na Na, Ricky Havens, Jimi Hendrix closed the festival

Ray Charles

"Genius of soul" He took elements of church music (gospel chord progression) and put it together with singing about love, & sex. A lot of Call and Response. Played in late 50's Early 60's: played in the "chitlin service" (black circuit clubs). Given most credit for creating "classical soul sound"; preaching oriented vocal style; when he played live, he played fast songs faster and slow songs slower

Bob Marley

"Get Up Stand Up"-Most famous jamaican/reggae artist...Died of cancer at 36 (had strong belief in not going to doctor) Influence on Punk and Rap- The "punkers" felt that this music came from a place they could relate to.

James Brown

"Godfather of soul/funk", also "Hardest Working Man in Show Business" He didn't have a classic straightforward soul sound. He transformed soul into funk, kind of laid the groundwork for hip hop in a way. He kept all of his band member's close. He had a distinctive vocal style. His biggest hit was "I feel good"; music began to reflect African elements of music - rhythmic music. "Godfather of Funk" → played just one chord for a long time with Rif. No chord progression. No melody; "Say It Loud, I'm Black and I'm Proud". "Say it loud"- a song he recorded for the black pride power movement; moving away from melodic based to rhythmically based

Otis Redding

"Recording at Stax was like going to church"; captured classic gospel soul sound (organ instrumentation); crossed over to larger white audience in 1967; wrote "Respect" for Aretha Franklin; tragically died in a plane crash 3 days after he recorded his biggest hit "Sittin' on the Dock of the Bay"

Sam Cooke

"Sweet Soul" southern soul sound Originally in a Gospel group called the "Soul Stirrers". He released his First song under a different name to prevent his gospel fans from being irate...."A change is gonna come"-Cooke heard Bob Dylan song "blowing in the wind" and was inspired to write this song; some gospel styles but with pop smoothness

Aretha Franklin

"The Queen of Soul" , Father was a pastor/ Her sisters sang backup in some songs, recorded at Fame studios; originally with CBS Records; started off w/ gospel music

Simon and Garfunkel

"The Sounds of Silence"; Adding bass and drums pulled it into Folk Rock genre, Started back in high school under the name of Tom and Jerry. inspired by the Everly Brothers, they broke up and then got back together. Simon was an excellent song writer but more of an interesting guitar player.

Muscle Shoals' Fame Studios

"The Swampers" focused on Southern Rock and Southern Soul; Wexler took Wilson Pickett there

Crosby, Stills, Nash and Young

(sometimes Young) Vocal harmonies Folk rock "super-group": sang vocals all together like the Beach Boys (entwining their lyrics together); broad mixture of everything musically. David Crosby - was a part of the Byrd's and left to do a solo thing he was replaced with Graham Parsons Stephen Stills - Buffalo Springfield Graham Nash -Hollies Neil Young - - Has had a long solo career with his acoustic guitar, he plugs into an edgy sound that gave him the nickname "The godfather of grunge" ("Freebie Question")

Phil Ochs

Protest Music . struggled with depression which led to him committing suicide at age 35

The Kingsmen - Garage Bands

Amateur group that produced hit song "Louie Louie"; came in the form of inspiration that everyone wants to have a band/record/label. garage bands sounded a little less polished

Joan Baez

-Sang "We Shall Overcome" at rallies. Protest Singer. Bob Dylan's girlfriend that had a national career. Sung on the march on Washington. emerged from the folk revival.

Old and In the Way

biggest bluegrass album sold; Jerry Garcia's Bluegrass Band

Motown Success

85% of music released ended up on the charts, very successful; successful in Civil Rights Movement - nearly everyone who worked @ Motown was African American

Timothy Leary

Psychedelic Review; talked about spiritual connection between drug use and spirituality "Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out"; talked about levels of consciousness

Martha and the Vandellas

An American vocal group. First song Holland Dozier and Holland (HDH) wrote them got to #1 on charts so Berry Gordy was like write another; so they did using formulaic approach Formulaic: one song had success, so write another that sounds really similar until you drive it into the ground; then start new

Anarchy

Anarchy in UK song by Sex Pistols, stemmed from unhappiness with society/royal family

Allman Brothers

Background: "created" Southern Rock although Rock was born out of the South Dual guitars of Duane Allman and Dickey Betts: Duane Allman worked at Muscle Shoals where he met Dicky Betts; they had a jam band style playing with long solos and long duration songs; they experimented with having two lead guitars on a track Eric Clapton and "Layla" --classic Eric Clapton song, done with Duane Allman. Layla was George Harrison's wife but then married Eric Clapton even though Eric and George were friends. They somehow remained friends, and Eric played at George's funeral.

Rock 'n Roll Theatre and Merchandise

Became Popular when Kiss grew so big.

Rap/HipHop

Became the central youth music of the world/ and became popular with white teenagers. South Bronx is where Hip/Hop came out of. there were three elements of Hip Hop: rap music, breakdancing, graffiti

The Monkeys -Corporate Creations

Benefitted from TV exposure (dressed in matching clothes), focused more on acting than singing; had similar sound to British Invasion; created by their producer; their music was produced according to the established Brill Building Pattern.

Led Zeppelin

Biggest band at the time. Had 8 number 1 hits in the UK and 6 number 1 hits in the United States. born out of the British blues revival; grew out of psychedelia

Haight Ashbury

Birthplace of the hippies, psychedelic music grew out of here; beat poets

Janis Joplin

Blues Influence- Started in bluegrass band, then went to blues; Biggest hero: Bessie Smith Big Brother and the Holding Company- her band Image- She struggled, grew up in Port Arthur, Texas where she was not attractive to her career leading her to pose for nude pics and everyone eventually had a piece of her; equated singing w/ sex w/ liberation Issues of Early Women in Rock Death Struggled with drug and alcohol abuse and died due to overdose in a hotel room at 27

New York City

birth place of punk rock

Sex Pistols

Brought a pissed off social commentary to music; Malcolm helped formed this band, some were musicians some weren't, had the attitude and desire to do this, open a door for a do it yourself; focused more on energy than technicalities

Singer/songwriters- Van Morrison

Came out of the British Blues Revival; Hated music industry

Rock Opera- Tommy

Concept album, "Pinball Wizard" Tommy tells a story of a deaf, dumb, and blind boy who gains spritual enlightenment through playing pinball. When tommy is cured of his handicaps, he is cast as a guru, possessing the great wisdom of the ages. the story is a parable about the superficiality of much hippie spirituality. Rock Opera: a story told through rock with everything being sung

The Byrds

Covered "Mr. Tambourine Man" by Dylan, produced by Terry Melcher, mix between bob dylan and the beatles. Used exact same instruments as the Beatles, but added rock feel. Initially made their mark with rock versions of folk songs. Helped firmly birth folk rock.

Jim Stewart and Estelle Axton

Created Stax--combination of their last names; they thought Motown was too polished and that it had lost it's "soul"; wanted a more authentic sound - decided "don't use charts, just learn it and play it"

Soul Music

Developing during the 1960's, Was not generally a highly politicized music, Was music that was representative of black culture, Three characters "innovators" who laid the ground for Soul music; having "soul" was taking ownership of what it meant to be African American

The Civil Rights Movement

During The Civil Rights Movement, African music styles came more to the forefront and European styles moved back

Dylan and the band

Dylan plugged in and began creating gritty americana music

Jimi Hendrix

Expanding the vocabulary of the electric guitar - Played with only one hand (wasn't strumming - only hammering and pulling); Messed with tone of the guitar; Created tone color with overdrive; Created signal with pre-amp that overdrives the amp; Wawa pedal that makes guitar sound like it's talking; he was the original inspiration for effects pedals that we have now (he discovered how to get different colors/sounds for electric guitar) Use of feedback and distortion - Smashes guitar; lets feedback run all over the place Feedback - a phenomenon that happens when the input feeds back too much sound (like a screech) Monterey Pop Festival: Hendrix's American debut Electric Lady Land Studios: Soundpainting. started connecting songs on albums to one another without pauses; Hendrix founded it; everyone was thinking "what can you do with studio technology"

The Filmore Auditorium and the Avalon Ballroom

Home to events in Haight Ashbury, Home to the development of music

Blues Influence

IN concert, aside from the guitar solos, improvisation also included full-out jams by the band on old blues and pop songs and musical ideas worked out on the spot.

Hardest Working Man in Show Business

James Brown (Black Pride Movement; Predicts genre of Funk. Dances crazy on stage and has lots of energy when performs) Chapter 7

Buffalo Springfeld

Late 1960s; anthem in anti-Vietnam war era; comments on anti-war movement too; had important members in world of folk rock: Neil Young, Stephen Stills, Richard Furay, Jim Messina

Jim Morrison- The Lizard King

Lyrics as poetry Obsessed with insanity and the dark side of humanity- interested with theatre that would get in people's faces; interactive, so he tried it with his audience eventually lead to a moment when the band came crashing to a halt Death-died at 27 in Paris from heroin overdose Ray Manzarek Keyboard as central instrument in band- Met at UCLA,/ they hooked up and he played keyboard for Morrison

Bob Dylan-plugging in

Many opposed of this because of the electric instruments used. Was not considered to be Folk but it was the beginning of folk rock.

Stax / Atlantic

Memphis, TN "Soulsville USA"; had good environment - described as "going to church"

Success

Monterey Pop Festival helped their success greatly, they played with other great bands. One of the first bands from the psychedelic sound to get radio play

MC5

Motor City 5- angry element, power that points to punk,

The Supremes

Motown girl group; "Baby Love" by HDH; Dianna Ross, Florence Ballard, Mary Wilson, and Barbara Martin; They were the premier act of Motown Records and are known as the most successful; later named Diana Ross and The Supremes

Grace Slick

One of the first women in rock to front a popular band, Strong Vocals, brought "White Rabbit" & "Somebody to Love" with her from her previous band

Jimmy Page-guitar and studio

Page's use of the violin bow to play his guitar during "Dazed and Confused" The purpose of this was to explore new and interesting timbres on the electric guitar. Played long virtuosic guitar solos. Picked up where Hendrix left off.

Gram Parsons

Parsons was not afraid to bring country to rock

Role of psychedelic drugs in music scene

People wanted to experiment with different states of consciences and represent it in their music style, LSD being the most popular at the time

The Beach Boys

Pet Sounds set a new standard for record production and musical sophistication within rock music. Brian was working long hours in the recording studio experimenting with new sounds, some of which he considered his pet sounds. "Good Vibrations" and Smile: spent a lot of money and a long time recording "Good Vibrations"; the band ended up releasing the song as a single due to the high studio cost and completed the rest of the tracks later on the Smile album; falls into psychedelic era Psych attempt but with a classical music style

Meher Baba

Pete Townshend's guru and musical influence for using the synthesizer to input his life information

The Wall

Pink Floyds Blockbuster Album; also had animated film w/ it

LSD

Popular drug in the 60's that made you hallucinate in vivid colors

Southern Rock

Relationship to Southern Soul --blues, country mix "Back To Basics" Rock

Robert Plant's vocal style

Robert Plant had a distinctive high wailing vocals. Robert had the overwhelming power that reaches above the excessive volume of the instruments. Robert provide the lyrics to Page's music.

Aerosmith song and MTV

Run DMC did a cover of an aerosmith song "Walk This Way" that ended up on MTV which was a huge deal.

Bob Dyland-as singer song writer

Skilled singer-songwriter "Don't Think Twice, It's Alright" the use of language, he would make up words to help the song

Sly Stone

Sly brought a smart pop/hook oriented version of funk. Turned african based music into pop music; slap bass (hitting, not plucking bass strings with pic). Sly and the Family Stone -Around in late 60's/played at woodstock

The Solo Beatles

Sounded like a bunch of singles from each artist on one album instead of a group. Sounded like a bunch of singles from each artist on one album instead of a group Ringo Starr: released nearly two dozen albums and films George Harrison: formed The Traveling Wilbury's with Roy Orbison, Bob Dylan, Tom Petty, and Jeff Lynne. 2nd of Beatles to die (cancer); relationship with Monte Python folks to get films produced Paul McCartney: still performing today; played with wife in the Tunes John Lennon: became influential figure (powerful in counterculture), CIA tried to shut him up. Killed in December 1980 by a psychotic fan- 1st Beatle to die

Lynyrd Skynyrd

Southern Rock Band, height of career in 1970's Background - from Jacksonville, FL. band name came from their high school gym teacher who didn't like guys with long hair. at height of career, a plane crash killed some members. Southern Pride- a lot of what their songs were about Meaning of "Sweet Home Alabama"- Lyrics not as straight forward: people who see it as a potentially racist view of southern pride or/people who view it as a badge of southern pride; touched on elements of slavery

The roots of rap

Started out with djs at parties taking vinyls and mixing them while rapping over top of it; the Fathers of Funk

Syd Barrett, Roger Waters, David Gilmour

Syd Barrett was the early leader of Pink Floyd but left because he was not capable of staying in (band moved on without him). He set the tone for the band. David Gilmour replaced Barrett. Roger Waters wrote the lyrics and mirrored the struggles he was facing in life into the lyrics.

Break-up of the band (Beatles?)

The white album you can feel the tension within the band during the album. lots of conflict led the band to break up.

Kraftwerk

They would create beats using synthesizers, German band.

The Temptations

Typical Motown guy group known for athletic, slick, smooth, choreographed dance "Temptation Walk"; Not that much success until David Ruffin took over lead vocals; "My Girl"

Afrika Bambaataa

Used electronic beats

Blockbuster Albums

Was an aid to sell more albums; changed how the record industry did business, focused it more; if you didn't they would kick you off your contract; people were concentrating on writing hits instead of focusing on the meaning behind their songs

Bob Dylan-as poet

Wrote personal lyrics "Finger-pointing" songs

Bob Dylan- as a protest singer

Wrote songs about criminal injustice. "Blowin' in the Wind" "Masters of War"

Sex, drugs and Rock 'n Roll

Zeppelin lyrics focuses on sexual themes.

Willie Dixon

Zeppelin sampled Whole Lotta Love from Dixon. Dixon sued

Relationship to Heavy Metal

Zepplin played loud. While the band became legendary for the raw and excessive power and volume of their music (some have claimed them as the progenitors of heavy metal) they also produced a great deal of acoustic music.

Television

a band fronted by a couple of inspiring poets

The Ramones

first band to get a major contract out of this punk rock scene, band of misfits, rejected everything that was happening in rock and roll; no flashiness; shorter songs, pulsating punk beat; played aggressively; CBGB scene

Byrds - Sweethearts of the Rodeo

first country rock album

Alice Cooper

first to really bring theater on-stage through makeup, live snakes, etc.

The Eagles

formed in 1971 one of the biggest selling American bands, Glenn Frey and Don Henley were Linda Ronstadts backup band, Jackson Browne wrote with the band, most famous country rock band but not the first

Singer/songwriters- Carol King

former Brill Building songwriter, became solo act in the 70s, huge success with the album Tapestry

Berry Gordy

founded Motown records, songwriter and record store owner. Hung sign that read "Hitsville USA" in Detroit

The New York Dolls

glam rock element(borrows from theatricality of Broadway), play around with sexual image and orientation

Jerry Garcia

guitarist, crossed over from typical bluegrass to rock; the birth of "hippie-grass"

Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters

had parties that played music and drugged everyone up with LSD; summer of love / free love; supplied drugs to crowd; The "Trips Festival" - 6600 ppl came and tripped on LSD and listened to music. started off as the house band for the parties Ken Kesey and the Merry Pranksters would throw. The drug use at these parties would influence how the music sounded

Singer/songwriters-Joni Mitchell

helped on the album, Tapestry; hard to cover her songs due to her "sweeping melodies" (unique sound)

Pre-punk

huge precursor of punk rock

Smokey Robinson

hugely successful with the Miracles, songs like "Shop Around" and "Going to a Go Go" were hits for the group fronted by Smokey, handled many of the songwriting and production duties for Motown as part of specialized individuals and teams using a model that had been established by Leiber and Stoller

The Funk Brothers

in-studio band that could play anything and played all music for all motown singers; hired by Gordy

Zulu Nation

interested in toning down gang violence

James Brown- changing style

it was a reaction to the assassinations of Dr. King and Malcolm X; Brown brought back interest to take care of their own and offer Blacks a place to look to; arguably soul music became more somber///Music shifted direction the black pride power movement started taking over the style switched to a rhythmic based style we call "Funk".

The Rise of Corporate Rock

large corporate controlled the creative aspect of rock

Jefferson Airplane

late 1960's, West Coast Rock. Lived/performed in the Haight-Ashbury district in San fran. Psychedelic, songs about drugs. Role in conflict about record companies vs. artistic freedom of the artists, said mother f'er in a song; really similar to Grateful Dead; hits on the pop charts; changed name to Jefferson Starship, then just Starship

Jackson Five

lead singer is young Michael Jackson; also highly choreographed. Performed on Dick Clark's American Band Stand

Monterey International Pop Festival

lots of famous artists played for over three days. Known as the summer of love with over 200,000 people

Singer/songwriters- Lyrical Content

lyrics were more personal and adult

Maxine Powell and the Motown Finishing School

she taught artists to be more polished in "Charm School" (taught how to talk, walk, hold the microphone, etc.); hired by Gordy

The making of the counter-culture - i.e. the social/political context

marijuana and LSD played a central role in the new worldview many young people were seeking. Grew out of the folk revival. Hippie worldview committed to cultural change and music was at the center of this lifestyle; rejection of money/traditional job/politics/religion; ppl reacted to what was going on (like war)

Velvet Underground

monotone lyrics, pulsating beats, one of the most important pre-punk bands in NY city where punk rock was born, experimenting with life style with music as art

The Clash

more musical, social commentary, addressed certain issues Influence of Reggae: borrow from reggae music

Dylan and the Beatles

on the cover of the Sergeant Peppers album, along with lots of other famous people; super expensive to buy all of those rights, suggested the band write more complex lyrics.

John Myers and the Hearts of Stone

originally DooWop Band called Four Pennies. Signed all song rights away when joining Motown. Once signed to Motown they changed their name to the hearts of stone. John Myers lives in Knoxville; traveled with The Temptations (and other big acts; didn't like corporate culture of Motown (like how it cared for artists); influenced by funk as it was developing; Brothers James and John eventually moved to only gospel music

David Bowie

part of lou reed solo career producing his first solo album

The Exploding Plastic Inevitable

parties involving uncomfortable scenes playing on large screens (S&M), flashing lights and drones (a continual sound, monotone delivery)

Improvisation

played different every time they played the song, played for 20-30 minutes without stopping, jam band

Patti Smith

poet and writer, did more spoken words stuff on stage, one of the strongest women voices in the rock and roll, horses (album), had two sides loud and aggressive (punk rock side) and then toned down (poetic side); CBGB scene; anti-establishment

Alan Ginsberg and the Beatniks

poets; Human Be-In: gathering for "different people" that avoided dogma; at the first Human Be-In (Hindu, John Lennon)

Holland, Dozier and Holland

professional songwriters who wrote over 20 "Top 20" hits between 1963-1966 → wanted safe lyrics (nothing about race, politics, sex, ect.); worked very much like Brill Building Pop

The Beatles

put songs together very differently that don't follow the normal patterns.

Andy Warhol

reconstructed famous peoples' photographs with a psychedelic twist; known for his stage light shows; tried his hand at producing records; he partnered with The Velvet Underground and Nico

Terry Riley and Minimalism

repeated patterns that last for a long time that moved at a slow pace; minimalism has been really influential in the growing of contemporary music; no words