NCLEX Questions Grwoth & Development Exam VI
A maternity nurse is providing instruction to a new mother regarding the psychosocial development of the newborn infant. Using Erikson's psychosocial development theory, the nurse would instruct the mother to A .Allow the newborn infant to signal a need B. Anticipate all of the needs of the newborn infant C. Avoid the newborn infant during the first 10 minutes of crying D. Attend to the newborn infant immediately when crying
A. According to Erikson, the caregiver should not try to anticipate the newborn infant's needs at all times but must allow the newborn infant to signal needs. If a newborn is not allowed to signal a need, the newborn will not learn how to control the environment. Erikson believed that a delayed or prolonged response to a newborn's signal would inhibit the development of trust and lead to mistrust of others.
A 16 year old child is hospitalized, according to Erik Erikson, what is an appropriate intervention? A. tell the friends to visit the child B. encourage patient to help child learn lessons missed C. call the priest to intervene D. tell the child's girlfriend to visit the child.
A. tell the friends to visit the child The child is 16 years old, In the stage of IDENTITY VS. ROLE CONFUSION. The most significant persons in this group are the PEERS. B refers to children in the school age while C refers to the young adulthood stage of INTIMACY VS. ISOLATION. The child is not dying and the situation did not even talk about the child's belief therefore, calling the priest is unnecessary.
According to Erikson's theory of development, chronic illness can interfere with which stage of development in an 11-year-old? a. Intimacy versus isolation b. Trust versus mistrust c. Industry versus inferiority d. Identity versus role confusion
C. According to Erikson, an 11-year-old is working through the stage of industry versus inferiority. Chronic illness may interfere with this stage of development in an 11-year-old child. Intimacy is the developmental task of a young adult. Trust is the developmental task to be achieved during infancy. Identity is the developmental task of adolescence.
A mother of a 3-year-old tells a clinic nurse that the child is rebelling constantly and having temper tantrums. The nurse most appropriately tells the mother to: 1.Punish the child every time the child says "no", to change the behavior 2.Allow the behavior because this is normal at this age period 3.Set limits on the child's behavior 4.Ignore the child when this behavior occurs
C. According to Erikson, the child focuses on independence between ages 1 and 3 years. Gaining independence often means that the child has to rebel against the parents' wishes. Saying things like "no" or "mine" and having temper tantrums are common during this period of development. Being consistent and setting limits on the child's behavior are the necessary elements.
When developing a plan of care for a child, nurse Josefina identifies which eriksonian stage as corresponding to Freud's oral stage of psychosexual development? a. Initiative versus guilt b. Autonomy versus shame and doubt c. Trust versus mistrust d. Industry versus inferiority
C. Freud defined the first 2 years of life as the oral stage and suggested that the mouth is the primary source of satisfaction for the developing child. Erikson posited that infancy (from birth to age 12 months) is the stage of trust versus mistrust, during which the infant learns to deal with the environment through the emergence of trustfulness or mistrust. Initiative versus guilt corresponds to Freud's phallic stage. Autonomy versus shame and doubt corresponds to Freud's anal/sensory stage. Industry versus inferiority corresponds to Freud's latency period.
A nurse is evaluating the developmental level of a 2-year-old. Which of the following does the nurse expect to observe in this child? A: Uses a fork to eat B: Uses a cup to drink C: Uses a knife for cutting food D: Pours own milk into a cup
C: By age 2 years, the child can use a cup and can use a spoon correctly but with some spilling. By ages 3 to 4, the child begins to use a fork. By the end of the preschool period, the child should be able to pour milk into a cup and begin to use a knife for cutting.
The parents of a 2-year-old arrive at a hospital to visit their child. The child is in the playroom when the parents arrive. When the parents enter the playroom, the child does not readily approach the parents. The nurse interprets this behavior as indicating that: A. The child is withdrawn B. The child is self-centered C. The child has adjusted to the hospitalized setting D. This is a normal pattern
D. The phases through which young children progress when separated from their parents include protest, despair, and denial or detachment. In the stage of protest, when the parents return, the child readily goes to them. In the stage of despair, the child may not approach them readily or may cling to a parent. In denial or detachment, when the parents return, the child becomes cheerful, interested in the environment and new persons (seemingly unaware of the lost parents), friendly with the staff, and interested in developing superficial relationships.