NCVPS American History 1 [Modules 1-5]

Because no People can be truly happy, though under greatest Enjoyment of Civil Liberties, if abridged of the Freedom of their Consciences, as to their Religious Profession and Worship. . . I do hereby grant and declare, That no Person or Persons, inhabiting in this province or Territories, who shall confess and acknowledge One Almighty God, the Creator. . . and profess him or themselves obliged to live quietly under the Civil Government . . . [shall not] be compelled to frequent or maintain any religious Worship, Place or Ministry, contrary to his or their Mind, or to do or suffer any other Act or Thing, contrary to their religious Persuasion. —William Penn, Charter of Privileges, 1701 Which civic principle was established in the excerpt? the right to petition the freedom of speech the right to a jury trial the freedom of religion

the freedom of religion

Historical Analysis - (reference guide)

1. Break down the information to identify the author or speaker. 2. Determine when this was written/said? 3. Examine what else was going on during that time period? 4. What other historical events are connected to this? 5. Who is the intended audience? Who is being spoken to? 6. Summarize the author's point. What is this about?, Why is this important? What impact did it have?

1. Which step in the historical research process allows you to decide what you think your outcome may be? 2. Describe what a primary source is and give an example of one. 3. Describe what a secondary source is and given an example of one. 4. What is the study of historiography? 5. Name all the steps in the historical research process.

1. The collection of data or sources 2. Primary sources are documents written first hand; for example, the Bill of Rights 3. Secondary sources are documents usually written based off of a primary source; for example, a book written about the Constitution 4. Historiography is the study of history as a discipline 5. Identifying the problem, gathering of information, a hypothesis or educated guess, collection of data or sources, and conclusion

An example of a secondary source would be the original Bill of Rights handwritten notes by the President a book written about the U.S. Constitution a recording of a speech in Congress

A book written about the U.S. Constitution

Which provides a good example of a primary source document? A letter written by George Washington Most books in the library An internet story about the Civil War A biography about Harry Truman

A letter written by George Washington

Which of the following are key components for historical analysis? Identify the time and place Identify the author Identify who the audience is All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following were obstacles faced by the explorers? Fear of the unknown. Disease and starvation. Poor maps and navigational tools. All of these are correct

All of these are correct

Why is it important that we study history? History helps us to understand both continuity and change. All of these are correct. Understanding our past helps us to make better decisions for the future. History gives us a better understand of people and society in the past.

All of these are correct.

"God has created all these numberless people to be quite the simplest, without malice or duplicity, most obedient, most faithful to their natural Lords, and to the Christians, whom they serve; the most humble, most patient, most peaceful and calm, without strife nor tumults; not wrangling, nor querulous, as free from uproar, hate and desire of revenge as any in the world... -Bartolome de las Casas from "Of the Island of Hispanola" (1542) The ideas expressed from the excerpt most directly challenged the prevailing idea of Europeans in the sixteenth century that American Indians were equal to Europeans Slavery was not efficient The indigenous tribes were vastly wealthy The native population was violent and savage

American Indians were equal to Europeans

Perspective

An individuals opinion; The way an individual sees things. Through the eyes of an individual

...And we cannot reckon how great the damage is, since the mentioned merchants are taking every day our natives, sons of the land and the sons of our noblemen and vassals and our relatives, because the thieves and men of bad conscience grab them wishing to have the things and wares of this Kingdom which they are ambitious of; they grab them and get them to be sold; and so great, Sir, is the corruption and licentiousness [lack of restraint] that our country is being completely depopulated, and Your Highness should not agree with this nor accept it as in your service.... —Nzinga Mbemba (King Affonso), Letters to the King of Portugal 1526 Which event in African history is described in this passage? exploration of the African interior discovery of gold mines in Nigeria Belgium's takeover of the Congo Atlantic slave trade

Atlantic slave trade

Base your answer to the question on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies. ... And with regard to my factual reporting of the events of the war I have made it a principle not to write down the first story that came my way, and not even to be guided by my own general impressions; either I was present myself at the events which I have described or else I heard of them from eye-witnesses whose reports I have checked with as much thoroughness as possible. Not that even so the truth was easy to discover: different eye-witnesses give different accounts of the same events, speaking out of partiality [favor] for one side or the other or else from imperfect memories. And it may well be that my history will seem less easy to read because of the absence in it of a romantic element. It will be enough for me, however, if these words of mine are judged useful by those who want to understand clearly the events which happened in the past and which (human nature being what it is) will, at some time or other and in much the same ways, be repeated in the future. My work is not a piece of writing designed to meet the taste of an immediate public, but was done to last for ever.... —Source: Thucydides: History of the Peloponnesian War What makes Thucydides' job as a scholar of history more challenging? his failing memory biases of eyewitness observers lack of romantic elements his desire to please the immediate public

Biases of eyewitness observers

According to the map, the greatest numbers of African slaves were taken to... Atlantic Slave Trade Map British North America Brazil The British West Indies The French West Indies

Brazil

The Boston Massacre was the first time shots were fixed by who? Americans British French Dutch

British

Which was not taxed by the Stamp Tax? Documents Coffee Playing Cards Newspapers

Coffee

Which term best describes the widespread exchange of products and ideas between the "New World" and the "Old World" during the late 15th and early 16th centuries? Globalization Social Darwinism Columbian Exchange Atheism

Columbian Exchange

In which document were citizens granted a trial by jury of their peers? Petition of Rights Magna Carta English Bill of Rights English Democratic Petition

English Bill of Rights

Historical _______ can be used to better understand an event by understanding what was happening at the time when the specific event took place.

Context

Match the country with the description that most accurately describes their role in the Age of Exploration.

England : Gained control of the East coast of modern day United States establishing permanent colonies France : Encouraged trade companies to establish dominance in the New World; Controlled fur trade from Louisiana to Quebec Portugal : Prince Henry, the navigator, brought together the mapmakers, scientists, shipbuilders and sailors Spain : Led by Ferdinand and Isabella tried to gain control of the Asian spice trade

Mercantilism

European economic policy of establishing colonies for the profit of the mother country., an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought

Historical analysis involved which of the following? Examine one artifact Examine more than one source Examine one speech Examine one diary entry

Examine more than one source

Information about events of the past are either right or wrong? True False

False

The potato was brought from Europe to the New World. True False

False

The First Continental Congress decided to do which of the following? Fight King of England Cut off trade with England Force King to repeal acts Throw soldiers out of American homes

Force King to repeal acts

Which foreign country arrived to aid the young colonists? Spain Portugal Ireland France

France

Which sequence of events in correct? Stamp Act, French and Indian War, Boston Tea Party, Boston Massacre French and Indian War, Boston Tea Party, Boston Massacre, Stamp Act French and Indian War, Stamp Act, Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party French and Indian War, Boston Massacre, Stamp Act, Boston Tea Party

French and Indian War, Stamp Act, Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party

Which of the following generals gave the order of surrender at the Battle of Yorktown? George Washington George Cornwallis Horatio Gates General Burgoyne

George Cornwallis

The First Continental Congress had representatives from all of the colonies except: Rhode Island Georgia North Carolina Pennsylvania

Georgia

Which term best describes the cultural, economic, and social communication and connection between various groups throughout the world? Isolation Gentrification Globalization Stagflation

Globalization

The desire for title, fame, and respect or ___________ was a major factor contributing to the Age of Exploration?

Glory

Religion or ___________ was a major factor contributing to the Age of Exploration?

God

The quest for wealth or ___________ was a major factor contributing to the Age of Exploration?

Gold

"For we must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us, so that if we shall deal falsely with our God in this work we have undertaken, and so cause Him to withdraw His present help from us, we shall be made a story and a by-word through the world." Who is most likely the author of the above quote? Governor John Winthrop, Massachusetts Bay Colony Governor Patrick Henry, Commonwealth of Virginia Governor Clinton of New York Minister Roger Williams of Rhode Island

Governor John Winthrop, Massachusetts Bay Colony

"If we choose to understand the other person's point of view, if we make the effort to understand before rushing to judgment, all kinds of different vistas might become apparent to us." Source: J.K. Rowling Which historical thinking skill is best represented by the quote above? Chronological Thinking Cause and Effect Historical Perspective Source Analysis

Historical Perspective

What do we call the study of history as a discipline? geography historiography cartography biography

Historiography

Which comes first in the research process? Making a guess Gathering information Conclusion Identifying the problem

Identifying the problem

To which British King was the Olive Branch Petition addressed to? King George I King George II King George III King George IV

King George III

What does habeas corpus mean? No quartering of soldiers by the citizenry No martial law allowed in times of peace King must pay for property, rather than simply seize it No imprisonment without trial

No imprisonment without trial

Base your answer to the question on the table below and your knowledge of social studies. Life Expectancy of Men and Women in the United States Year Men Women 1900 46.3 48.3 1950 65.6 71.1 1960 66.6 73.1 1970 67.1 74.7 1980 70.0 77.4 1990 71.8 78.8 1993 72.1 78.9 Data Source: National Center for Health Statistics Which of the following would be a valid conclusion based on the chart above? in the United States, life expectancy averages have increased steadily during the 20th century men have received better medical care than women most of the change in the average lifespan for men and women has occurred since 1950 Americans have a healthier lifestyle than people in any other country

In the United States, life expectancy averages have increased steadily during the 20th century

Cause Effect ????? --------------> American Revolution

Independence

A specific explanation of a historical event can be called historical ______________.

Interpretation

What are the benefits of using chronological thinking?

It allows students to examine relationships

Why is it beneficial for us to use chronological thinking in historical reasoning? It makes sad events from history more pleasant It eliminates the need for history textbooks. It helps historians to explain cause and effect. It allows us to predict the future with certainty.

It helps historians to explain cause and effect.

Why is the Mayflower Compact important to the concept of a democratic society? It represents an effort by the colonists to use force to resist the King It represents a clear step toward self-government It represents an early attempt to establish universal suffrage It represents an attempt by the colonists to establish freedom of religion

It represents a clear step toward self-government

Who believed in the Social Contract Theory? John Locke Voltaire Montesquieu Benjamin Franklin

John Locke

Which item would be considered a secondary source on World War I? map used by General Lanrezac in planning for the Battle of the Marne magazine article on the 75th anniversary of the poem, "In Flanders Fields" diary of a soldier who fought in the Battle of the Somme rifle instruction manual used by a Russian soldier on the Eastern Front

Magazine article on the 75th anniversary of the poem, "In Flanders Fields"

In which group of colonies would you find the best seaports and a strong shipbuilding industry? New England colonies Middle colonies Southern colonies All colonies

New England colonies

Which information on the writing of the Constitution is considered a primary source? a newspaper editorial written in 1887 an encyclopedia article on the Constitution notes from the Constitutional Convention taken by James Madison the book, An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution, by Charles Beard

Notes from the Constitutional Convention taken by James Madison

Imperialism

One nation's control over another country or region, A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically.

A specific point of view concerning a historical event can sometime be called historical ___________.

Perspective

Which might be best considered a historical fact? Americans are typically conservative in politics. People are patriotic during times of war. Frederick Douglas had a kind and gentle heart. President George W. Bush was elected in 2000.

President George W. Bush was elected in 2000.

There was a good bit of religious diversity in the Middle Colonies. Which religious group was most prevalent in the colony of Pennsylvania? Puritans Baptists Catholics Quakers

Quakers

Which type of research would be used that is based on numbers and data? explicit qualitative conditional quantitative

Quantitative

Historians follow guidelines to help them analyze primary sources. Some of the guidelines they use are: Every piece of evidence and every source must be read or viewed skeptically and critically. Each piece of evidence and source must be cross-checked and compared with related sources and pieces of evidence. —Source: Library of Congress These guidelines are designed to help historians determine the popularity of a publication reliability of document information laws of a civilization differences in belief systems

Reliability of document information

. . . Richard Lowther . . . has hired himself . . . to be the servant of . . . the said Edward Hurd his heirs and assigns to be by him or them sent and transported to Virginia, & to be employed upon his plantation there, for and during the space of Four years. . . . . . . the said Edward Hurd . . . shall and will . . . not only transport and furnish out the said Richard Lowther to and for Virginia . . . and there find provide and allow unto him sufficient meat drink apparel and other necessaries for his livelihood and maintenance during the said term, but also at the expiration [end] of the said term shall and will grant assign and allot unto him . . . the quantity of Fifty acres of land in Virginia . . . —excerpt from contract between Edward Hurd and Richard Lowther, 1627 Based on the excerpt, which conclusion can best be reached? Edward Hurd hired Richard Lowther in hopes to become rich while he worked as an indentured servant. A servant would have the same legal rights and privileges as a free man. Richard Lowther agreed to the contract because of the opportunity to gain land at the end of the service. Edward Hurd hired a servant and expected to be able to sell him to another plantation owner at the end of the contract.

Richard Lowther agreed to the contract because of the opportunity to gain land at the end of the service.

Which part of the Columbian exchange resulted in the deaths of millions of Native Americans? The exchange of steel The exchange of germs The exchange of livestock The exchange of ideas

The exchange of germs

Renaissance

The great period of rebirth in art, literature, and learning in the 14th-16th centuries, which marked the transition into the modern periods of European history

The British went to Lexington to arrest whom? Samuel Adams and Paul Revere Paul Revere and George Washington John Hancock and George Washington Samuel Adams and John Hancock

Samuel Adams and John Hancock

Newspapers, journals, and letters would be examples of historical _______.

Sources

Which event came last?

The American Civil War

Which of the following events DID NOT lead to the Age of Exploration? The Atlantic Slave Trade The Crusades The Renaissance Increased Demand for luxury goods from Asia

The Atlantic Slave Trade

What group was formed as a way to protect their way of life and hunting grounds from outside threats? The Common Defense The Petition of Rights The Iroquois Confederacy The House of Burgesses

The Iroquois Confederacy

We shall find that the God of Israel is among us, when ten of us shall be able to resist a thousand enemies, when He shall make us a praise and glory, that men shall say of succeeding plantations, the Lord make it like that of New England. —John Winthrop, 1620 Most noble lords and worthy Gentlemen, it is your Honors that have employed great pains and large expense in laying the foundation of this State, wherein much had been buried under ground, yet some thing had sprung up, and given you a taste of your adventures. . . .The action is an honor to your Country: and the issue may well reimburse you your sums expended. . . —John Smith, 1625 Based on the excerpts, which conclusion can best be reached? The New England colonies had little interest in self-governance while the Southern colonies remained loyal to the King. The New England colonies were founded for religious reasons unlike in the Southern colonies which focused on profit. The Southern colonies had little respect for the monarchy while the New England colonies openly rebelled. The New England colonies were self-sufficient while the colonies Southern depended on trade

The New England colonies were founded for religious reasons unlike in the Southern colonies which focused on profit.

CC-BY-SA-3.0 via Wikimedia Commons What would be an accurate title for the above diagram? Colonial Trading Partners The System of Mercantilism Patterns of Immigration The Columbian Exchange

The System of Mercantilism

. . . as for corn, provision and contribution from the Savages, we had nothing but mortal wounds, with clubs and arrows; as for our Hogs, Hens, Goats, Sheep, Horse, or what lived, our commanders, officers & Savages daily consumed them, some small proportions sometimes we tasted, till all was devoured; then swords, arms, pieces, or anything, we traded with the Savages, . . . and the loss of our ships, of five hundred within six months after Captain Smiths departure, there remained not past sixty men, women and children, most miserable and poor creatures; and those were preserved for the most part, by roots, herbs, acorns, walnuts, berries, now and then a little fish: they that had starch in these extremities, made no small use of it; yea, even the very skins of our horses. . This was that time, which still to this day we called the starving time. —John Smith, 1609 Based on the excerpt above, which conclusion can best be reached? The settlement nearly failed because they only had men among their ranks. The settlers nearly failed because they refused to trade with local Native tribes. The settlers were unable to survive the harsh climate because they did not bring farm animals. The settlers could not adapt to the environment and they were unprepared for starting a colony.

The settlers could not adapt to the environment and they were unprepared for starting a colony.

Trade

The transfer of ownership of goods and services from one person to another and a major contributing factor for the Age of Exploration.

According to the map titled "The Atlantic Slave Trade," where were most slave forts located? Atlantic Slave Trade Map The Cape of Good Hope The west coast of Africa The Middle Passage Brazil

The west coast of Africa

Corn and flesh, and what else serves man for drink, food and raiment [clothes], is much cheaper here (the colony) than in England, or elsewhere; but the chief reason why wages of servants of all sorts is much higher here than there, arises from the great fertility and produce of the place... for they can have a provision very cheap, and land for a very small matter... According to the description above, why should people consider moving to the colonies? There are more economic possibilities Religious freedom is honored The government is based on the will of the people with respect to the wishes of the King Women and children will receive equal treatment under the laws.

There are more economic possibilities

The development of political parties here in the United States provides a good example of analyzing history to determine that the past seldom affects the present there is seldom conflict in our history there is always more than one viewpoint cooperation almost never occurs

There is always more than one viewpoint

Why did the repeal of the Stamp Act excite many British? They favored America They felt Parliament needed to increase the tax They knew it meant trade would increase for the British They felt the British could make an alliance with America

They knew it meant trade would increase for the British

His name was Samaset; he told them also of another Indian whose name was Squanto, a native of this place, who had been in England and could speak better English than himself. . . .After these things he returned to his place called Sowams, some 40 miles from this place, but Squanto continued with them, and was their interpreter, and was a special instrument of God for their good beyond their expectation. He directed them how to set their corn, where to take fish, and to procure [find] other commodities. —William Bradford, 1620 Based on the excerpt, how were both natives important to the success of the colony? they showed the colonists how to use the natural resources of the region. they helped the colonists migrate to land good for planting crops. they taught the colonists to speak the languages of the Native American tribes. they helped spread Christianity to other Native Americans in the region.

They showed the colonists how to use the natural resources of the region.

What was the name of the trade route that developed between the colonies, England, and included the African slave trade? the economic contract triangular trade North American Free Trade Agreement colonial mercantilism

triangular trade

Historical ________ is defined as a set of reasoning skills that students of history should learn as a result of studying history.

Thinking

Disease

This is a condition affecting the body of an organism. This was a part of the Columbian exchange and resulted in the deaths of millions of Native Americans.

Globalization

This is the cultural, economic, and social communication and connection between the peoples of the world.

Economics

This is the study of the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

Inflation

This was the rise in the price of goods and services Spain suffered due to massive influx of gold and silver into their economy.

Colombian Exchange

This was the widespread exchange of products and ideas between the "New World" and the "Old World."

Age of Exploration

Time period during the 15th and 16th centuries when Europeans searched for new sources of wealth and for easier trade routes to China and India. Resulted in the discovery of North and South America by the Europeans

Therefore let King and Queen and Princes, and their most fortunate realms, and all other Christian provinces, let us all return thanks to our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, who has bestowed so great a victory and reward upon us; let there be processions and solemn sacrifices prepared; let the churches be decked with festal boughs; let Christ rejoice upon Earth as he rejoices in Heaven, as he foresees that so many souls of so many people heretofore lost are to be saved; and let us be glad not only for the exaltation of our faith, but also for the increase of temporal prosperity, in which not only Spain but all Christendom is about to share. Christopher Colom, Admiral of the Ocean Fleet Lisbon, March 14th 1493 Which reason for European Exploration is represented in the passage above? To expand world ideas. To acquire goods. To spread Christianity. To defeat trading competition

To spread Christianity

From the "Old World" to the "New World"

Tomatoes Onions Olives Turnips Coffee Peaches Grapes Wheat Cattle Horses Small Pox

Which treaty ended the American Revolution? Treaty of Ghent Treaty of Greenville Treaty of Paris Treaty of Versailles

Treaty of Paris

As a result of the Battle of Saratoga, Great Britain Changed its war strategy. True False

True

Over the course of the slave trade, over 11 million African slaves were brought to the Americas. True False

True

The Spanish brought diseases such as small pox, measles and influenza to the New World. True False

True

Triangular Trade was the exchange of goods between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. True False

True

From the "New World" to the "Old World"

Turkeys Pumpkins Squash Peppers Tobacco Beans Vanilla Corn Peanuts

What is chronological thinking?

Understanding when and in what order events occurred

Who stated: "I may detest what you say, but will defend to the death your right to say it"? John Locke Voltaire Montesquieu Benjamin Franklin

Voltaire

George Washington's diary from the American Revolution provides historians with which of the following? The colonist perspective of the American Revolution Washington's perspective of the American Revolution Information about each soldiers experience in the American Revolution The factual events of the American Revolution

Washington's perspective of the American Revolution

Cause and Effect

What occurred or happened to justify one's reaction or to make an event take place

How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration? by emphasizing the importance of converting people to Buddhism by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe by fostering a belief in the importance of working as a group by persuading Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important

by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe

The Native American population of Mexico in 1492 has been estimated at 25 million; the population in 1608 has been estimated at 1.7 million. This decrease in population was mainly a result of crop failures brought on by poor weather conditions emigration of Native Americans to Europe and Africa wars between various native groups diseases introduced by the Spanish

diseases introduced by the Spanish

The printing press, the astrolabe, a compass, and the Mercator projection were technological advances that contributed to the exploration and overseas expansion of the colonial empires spread of Islam in the 700's and 800's unification of Germany and Italy in the late 1800's growth of industry in Latin America during the late 1900's

exploration and overseas expansion of the colonial empires

The Bristish went to Concord to find which of the following? soldiers guns spies food

guns

On what was the Southern colonies economic system based? industry plantation agriculture subsistance farming trading with Native Americans

plantation agriculture

Which type of colony was controlled directly by the King of England? proprietary colony joint stock colony royal colony self governing colony

royal colony

What was the Townshend Acts? group that made fun of the British laws establishing curfews in towns laws regulating zone towns tax

tax

No person within the said colony, at any time hereafter, shall be anywise molested, punished, disquieted, or called in question for any differences in opinion in matters of religion ... but that all persons may ... enjoy their own judgments and consciences in matters of religious commencements. Roger Williams Roger Williams differed from other Puritan ministers in his emphasis on the study of the Bible the value of democracy in church meetings nonviolence the individual's private religious conscience and choice

the individual's private religious conscience and choice

In all your passages you must have great care not to offend the naturals [natives], if you can eschew it; and imploy some few of your company to trade with them for corn and all other . . . victuals if you have any; and this you must do before that they perceive you mean to plant among them; for not being sure how your own seed corn will prosper the first year, to avoid the danger of famine, use and endeavor to store yourselves of the country corn. Instructions for the Virginia Colony 1606 According to the excerpt, how were the colonists encouraged to behave towards the natives? to trade freely with the natives in order to gather seeds for planting to trade with the natives only if they could receive a fair price to refuse to trade with the natives for food, just in case the natives might poison them to refuse to trade with the natives unless the natives paid a lot of money for goods

to trade freely with the natives in order to gather seeds for planting