Neuro - Innervation

What artery is used as a point of reference when naming the cords of the brachial plexus? axillary artery carotid artery subclavian artery vertebral

Correct Answer: axillary artery The brachial plexus includes three cords (i.e., lateral, medial, posterior) that are named according to their position with respect to the axillary artery.

Which spinal nerve roots contribute to the brachial plexus? C1-T1 C3-C8 C5-C8 C5-T1

Correct Answer: C5-T1 The brachial plexus is made up of spinal nerve roots C5 through T1.

An inability to splay the fingers would indicate damage at which spinal segments? C5-C6 C6-C7 C7-C8 C8-T1

Correct Answer: C8-T1 The majority of the intrinsic muscles of the thumb and fingers are innervated at the C8-T1 spinal segments.

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the anterior division of the obturator nerve? pectineus adductor magnus adductor longus gracilis

Correct Answer: adductor longus All of the options are innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4), but only the adductor longus is innervated by the anterior division. The pectineus is innervated by the obturator nerve in slightly less than 10% of individuals, while most often it is innervated by the femoral nerve.

T/F Which two nerves originate from the rami of the brachial plexus.

LTN Dorsal Scapular N

Wasting of the hypothenar eminence musculature indicates possible damage to which nerve?

Median

Wasting of the thenar eminence musculature indicates possible damage to which nerve?

Median

Which nerve(s) innervates the hip adductor musculature?

Obturator Nerve: - Adductor Magnus - Adductor Brevis - Adductor Longus - Garcilis - Obturator Externus Note: Pectineus also adducts the thigh and is innervated by the femoral nerve. Or by the obturator nerve in less than 10% of people.

Sequence the following brachial plexus structural terms based on their location in the body from proximal to distal. Trunks Divisions Branches Nerves Roots Cords

Root Trunks Divisions Cords Branches Nerves

Match the muscles with the nerve that innervates the given structure. Serratus Ant Latissimus Dorsi Tibialis Anterior Peroneus Longus --- Superficial Peroneal Nerve Thoracodorsal Nerve Deep Peroneal Nerve Long Thoracic Nerve

Serratus Ant - LTN Latissimus Dorsi - Thoracodorsal Nerve Tibialis Anterior - Deep Peroneal Nerve Peroneus Longus - Superficial Peroneal Nerve

The ____ is innervated by the upper subscapular and lower subscapular nerves.

Subscapularis

The supraspinatus is innervated by the ____ nerve.

Suprascapular Nerve

T/F The biceps brachii is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.

True

T/F The biceps femoris is innervated by the sciatic nerve.

True

T/F The sacral plexus innervates the piriformis.

True

T/F The obturator nerve innervates the adductor magnus.

True Obturator Nerve innervates: Adductor Magnus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Obturator Externus Gracillis

T/F the superior gluteal nerve innervates the tensor fasciae latae.

True Superior Gluteal Nerve innervates: Glut Med Glut Min TFL

The medial half of the flexor digitorum profundus is innervated by the ____ nerve.

Ulnar Nerve

Nerves that arise from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

Upper Subscapular N Lower Subscapular N Thoracodorsal N

Muscles innervated by the femoral nerve?

Vastus Medialis Vastus Lateralis Vastus intermedius Rectus Femorus Pectineus Iliacus Sartorius

Efferent fibers that control motor function are located in the ______ nerve roots as they exit the spinal cord?

Ventral

What muscles are innervated by the radial nerve?

BEAST Brachial Radialis Wrist Extensors Anconeus Supinator Triceps

Deltoid atrophy may be associated with an injury to the: axillary nerve median nerve radial nerve subclavian nerve

Correct Answer: axillary nerve The axillary nerve arises from the C5-C6 nerve roots and innervates the deltoid muscle. Damage to the axillary nerve commonly occurs following a fracture to the head of the humerus.

Which muscle of the lower extremity is not innervated by the tibial nerve? flexor hallucis longus flexor digitorum longus flexor digiti minimi tibialis posterior

Correct Answer: flexor digiti minimi The flexor digiti minimi is innervated by the lateral plantar nerve.

Which muscle is innervated by the ulnar nerve? anconeus extensor carpi radialis flexor digitorum profundus supinator

Correct Answer: flexor digitorum profundus The ulnar nerve arises from the medial cord of the plexus and innervates the flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor digitorum profundus, and most of the small muscles of the hand.

Which nerve innervates the cremasteric muscle? ilioinguinal nerve obturator nerve genitofemoral nerve femoral nerve

Correct Answer: genitofemoral nerve The genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve arises from the roots of L1 and L2 and innervates the cremaster muscle. The cremaster muscle receives blood supply from the cremasteric artery.

Paralysis of which nerve gives rise to scapular winging? suprascapular nerve long thoracic nerve subscapular nerve thoracodorsal nerve

Correct Answer: long thoracic nerve The serratus anterior maintains the scapula against the rib cage. Weakness in this muscle results in a characteristic winging of the scapula. The serratus anterior is innervated by the long thoracic nerve.

Injury to the posterior cord of the brachial plexus could involve all of the following except: thoracodorsal nerve radial nerve axillary nerve musculocutaneous nerve

Correct Answer: musculocutaneous nerve The musculocutaneous nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. The nerve innervates the coracobrachialis, biceps brachii, and brachialis.

At which of the following sites might the median nerve be compressed? passing through the two heads of the pronator teres passing beneath the pisohamate ligament passing between the two heads of the supinator passing through the canal of Frohse

Correct Answer: passing through the two heads of the pronator teres Pronator syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compressed as it passes through the two heads of the pronator teres. This will affect sensory and motor function of the median nerve.

Which nerve innervates the diaphragm? phrenic nerve ventral rami of lumbar nerves L2-L4 cranial nerve V cranial nerve XI

Correct Answer: phrenic nerve The diaphragm is the primary muscle of inspiration. It is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The muscle is innervated by the phrenic nerve.

Which muscle is innervated by the femoral nerve? adductor longus iliopsoas quadriceps femoris hamstrings

Correct Answer: quadriceps femoris The quadriceps femoris muscle is located on the anterior portion of the upper leg and serves as the primary extensor of the knee.

What nerve innervates the semitendinosus? obturator nerve posterior femoral nerve sciatic nerve common peroneal nerve

Correct Answer: sciatic nerve The sciatic nerve runs along the posterior thigh before it splits into the tibial nerve and common peroneal nerve at the level of the knee. The sciatic nerve supplies the hamstrings muscle group. The hamstrings muscle group consists of the semitendinosus, semimembranosus, and biceps femoris.

What nerve innervates the trapezius?

Correct Answer: spinal accessory nerve Cranial nerve XI (i.e., spinal accessory nerve) innervates the trapezius muscle. The trapezius includes three distinct portions that extend from the occiput to the thoracic vertebrae.

Which of the following nerves does not have a connection from all three trunks of the brachial plexus? lower subscapular radial suprascapular thoracodorsal

Correct Answer: suprascapular The suprascapular nerve (C4, C5, C6) extends from the superior trunk of the brachial plexus. The nerve innervates the supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles.

The supraspinatus and infraspinatus muscles are both innervated by which nerve? axillary suprascapular lower subscapular upper subscapular

Correct Answer: suprascapular The supraspinatus and infraspinatus are innervated by the suprascapular nerve. The muscles are two of the four muscles that make up the rotator cuff in addition to the subscapularis and teres minor.

An inability to extend the elbow could result from pathology affecting the: dorsal nerve root of C7 ventral nerve root of C7 dorsal nerve root of C8 ventral nerve root of C6

Correct Answer: ventral nerve root of C7 Efferent fibers that control motor function are located in the ventral nerve root as they exit the spinal cord. The triceps receive their primary innervation from the C7 spinal segment.

T/F The triceps are innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.

False, Radial N

T/F The lumbar plexus is innervates the gluteus medius.

False, the superior gluteal N

T/F The gastrocnemius is innervated by the femoral nerve.

False, tibial nerve

T/F Damage to the dorsal nerve root would influence motor function.

False, ventral nerve root controls motor/efferent

Which nerve innervates the knee extensor musculature?

Femoral Nerve

Muscles innervated by the tibial nerve?

Gastrocnemius Soleus Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallucis Longus Popliteus Plantaris

Which nerve innervates the glut max?

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

Which two nerves innervate the musculature that allows ulnar deviation at the wrist?

Radial - Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Ulnar Nerve - Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

What nerve innervates the latissimus dorsi? What is the innervation?

Thoracodorsal Nerve (C6, C7, C8)

Which two nerves innervate the great toe flexors?

Tibial Nerve = Flexor Hallucis Longus Medial Plantar Nerve = Flexor Hallucis Brevis

Which nerve innervates the deltoid?

axillary nerve