Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS)

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Factors that increase risk

-High doses of high potency drugs -Dehydration -Poor nutrition -Concurrent medical illness

Symptoms

-Rigidity -High fever -Autonomic instability such as unstable blood pressure, diaphoresis, and pallor -Delirium (usually confused & often mute; may fluctuate from agitation to stupor) -Elevated levels of enzymes, particularly creatine phosphokinase

Treatment

Immediate discontinuance of all antipsychotic medications. Supportive medical care to treat dehydration & hyperthermia until the client's physical condition stabilizes.

Occurance

Most often in first 2 weeks of therapy or after an increase of dosage, but can occur at any time.


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