Neuromuscular

The nurse is working with a client who is newly diagnosed with MS. What basic information should the nurse provide to the client? A. MS is a progressive demyelinating disease of the nervous system. B. MS usually occurs more frequently in men. C. MS typically has an acute onset. D. MS is sometimes caused by a bacterial infection.

A. MS is a progressive demyelinating disease of the nervous system.

The nurse is educating a client with myasthenia gravis about medications. The nurse is sure to include which of the following? A. Medications must be taken on time. B. Medications can be taken whenever convenient. C. Medications are best taken while the client is in a reclining position. D. There is no conflict with the disorder and dental work.

A. Medications must be taken on time.

Which are the most commonly reported clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis? Select all that apply. A. Pain B. Fatigue C. Spasticity D. Aphasia E. Depression F. Numbness

A. Pain B. Fatigue C. Spasticity E. Depression F. Numbness

Which of the following is the first-line therapy for myasthenia gravis (MG)? A. Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) B. Deltasone (Prednisone) C. Azathioprine (Imuran) D. Lioresal (Baclofen)

A. Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon)

The nurse is caring for a patient with Parkinson's disease and is preparing to administer medication. What does the nurse administer to the patient that is considered the most effective drug currently given for the tremor of Parkinson's? A. Requip B. Levodopa C. Symmetrel D. Permax

B. Levodopa

Which topic is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for a client newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease? A. Involvement with diversion activities B. Enhancement of the immune system C. Establishing balanced nutrition D. Maintaining a safe environment

D. Maintaining a safe environment

In myasthenia gravis (MG), there is a decrease in the number of receptor sites of which neurotransmitter? A. Acetylcholine B. Epinephrine C. Norepinephrine D. Dopamine

A. Acetylcholine

A client with MS has developed dysphagia as a result of cranial nerve dysfunction. What nursing action should the nurse consequently perform? A. Arrange for the client to receive a low residue diet. B. Position the client upright during feeding. C. Suction the client following each meal. D. Withhold liquids until the client has finished eating.

B. Position the client upright during feeding.

A nurse is providing education to a client with newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis (MS). Which of the following will the nurse include? A. Avoid hot temperatures. B. Avoid physical activity. C. Take moderate amounts of alcohol. D. Avoid analgesic medication.

A. Avoid hot temperatures.

A patient with myasthenia gravis is in the hospital for treatment of pneumonia. The patient informs the nurse that it is very important to take pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon) on time. The nurse gets busy and does not administer the medication until after breakfast. What outcome will the patient have related to this late dose? A. The muscles will become fatigued and the patient will not be able to chew food or swallow pills. B. There should not be a problem, since the medication was only delayed by about 2 hours. C. The patient will go into cardiac arrest. D. The patient will require a double dose prior to lunch.

A. The muscles will become fatigued and the patient will not be able to chew food or swallow pills.

A client is newly diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Which instruction should the nurse provide? A. "You will have a steady and gradual decline in function." B. "Your type of MS is the least common, making it difficult to manage." C. "You must avoid stress and extreme fatigue, because these can trigger a relapse." D. "You should take your medications only during times of relapse."

C. "You must avoid stress and extreme fatigue, because these can trigger a relapse."

A client has been hospitalized for diagnostic testing. The client has just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis, which the physician explains is an autoimmune disorder. How would the nurse explain an autoimmune disease to the client? A. A disorder in which the body has too many immunoglobulins B. A disorder in which histocompatible cells attack the immunoglobulins C. A disorder in which killer T cells and autoantibodies attack or destroy natural cells—those cells that are "self" D. A disorder in which the body does not have enough immunoglobulins

C. A disorder in which killer T cells and autoantibodies attack or destroy natural cells—those cells that are "self"

A client with a tentative diagnosis of myasthenia gravis is admitted for a diagnostic workup. Myasthenia gravis is confirmed by: A. a positive edrophonium (Tensilon) test. B. Kernig's sign. C. a positive sweat chloride test. D. Brudzinski's sign.

A. a positive edrophonium (Tensilon) test.

When providing discharge teaching for a client with multiple sclerosis (MS), the nurse should include which instruction? A. "Avoid taking daytime naps." B. "Avoid hot baths and showers." C. "Limit your fruit and vegetable intake." D. "Restrict fluid intake to 1,500 ml/day."

B. "Avoid hot baths and showers."

During a health history, a client explains that he was just diagnosed with Parkinson's disease and wants to know what to expect. What should the nurse include during client teaching? A. Abnormal body movements such as tremors may occur at rest along with asymmetry of movement. B. Eventually there will be paralysis of the extremities on one side of the body. C. Whole-body convulsive movements will occur as the disease progresses. D. Over time, the client's eyesight will diminish, especially at night.

A. Abnormal body movements such as tremors may occur at rest along with asymmetry of movement.