NSCI 225 exam #1 poll everywhere

According to ______ Law the size of the standard increases, the difference threshold _________. A. Weber's; increases B. Weber's; decreases C. Fechner's; increases D. Fechner's; decreases

A

Aurelia is holding a 1lb hamster in one hand and 6lb bunny in the other. Brenda is holding a 20lb dog in one hand and a 25lb dog in another. According to Weber's Law, who would have an easier time feeling the difference? A. Aurelia B. Brenda C. They would be equally good because in both cases the difference is 5lbs.

A

Brightness is to Amplitude as Color is to A. Wavelength B. Saturation C. Purity D. Light

A

Horizontal Cells in the retina contribute to a process that helps us to see _____ better. A. Edges B. Colors C. Movement D. Curves

A

The LGN layers coding color for the right visual field would be ________. A. Parvocellular layers in the Left LGN B. Magnocellular layers in the Right LGN C. Magnocellular layers in the Left LGN D. Parvocellular layers in the Right LGN

A

Transduction of light stimuli into electrical activity occurs in the retina. What is this process called? A. bleaching B. regeneration C. conduction D. firing

A

Which is another name for the Primary Visual Cortex? A. The Striate Cortex B. Area V2 C. The Occipital Lobe D. The IT Cortex

A

Which of FECHNER'S orginal psychophysics method's has the least bias? The method of _______. A. constant stimuli B. limits C. adjustments D. forced choice

A

Which of the following places the eye parts in correct order for which light travels into the eye? A. cornea, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina B. iris, cornea, lens, retina, vitreous humor C. cornea, pupil, vitreous humor, retina, lens D. lens, cornea, pupil, retina

A

Which of the following would be an expected problem if the retinol in the rhodopsin was not able to change shape and separate from the opsin? A. The light energy would not be able to be transduced in the rods B. The retina would be permanently bleached C. The cones would not be able to fire D. The rods would work like cones now

A

A Rorschach test (when you ask someone what they see in a random ink blot test) would be best described as which type of method? A. Physical task and judgement B. Phenomenological Report C. General physiology D. Reaction time E. Magnitude Estimation

B

A drug that blocks the sodium gates of a neuron's membrane will ____. A. decrease the threshold B. block the action potential from occuring C. cause repeated action potentials D. eliminate the refractory period

B

In the dark adaptation procedure, as you spend more time in the dark, your threshold for light _________. A. Increases B. Decreases C. Doesn't change

B

The _____ does most of the focusing of light as it enters the eye, and the _____ transforms the light into neural signals. A. rods; cones B. cornea; retina C. pupil; iris D. lens; ganglion cells

B

The action potential relies on the cell to depolarize and transmit the impulse. What is the best description of the beginning for this process? A. Potassium fills up in the axon terminal, causing an electrical rush down the axon B. The drifting of Sodium ions causes the Na+ channels at the top of the axon to open an allow the positive ions to rush in and increase the positive charge inside the cell C. A build-up of Chloride ions causes the Cl- channels to open an allow the positive ions to rush in and increase the positive charge inside the cell D. Potassium (K+) ions flow out of the cell to make it more positive

B

Visual information that is presented to the ________ visual field is processed first by the left half of each retina and then by the ________ hemisphere of the brain A. right ; right B. right ; left C. left ; right D. left ; left

B

Visual information that is presented to the ________ visual field is processed first by the left half of each retina and then by the ________ hemisphere of the brain. A. right ; right B. right ; left C. left ; right D. left ; left

B

What is not part of the process for neural firing? A. Neuron receives a physical or chemical signal B. There is an active current of K+ through the dendrites and cell body C. If threshold is reached, the action potential is activated at the top of the axon D. After the neurotransmitters are released, the process begins again in the next neuron.

B

Where is the 1st location that the visual signal can be modified by top down processing? A. The retina B. The thalamus C. The striate cortex D. V1 E. Both C & D

B

Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be related to a problem with the lens? A. Presbyopia B. Glaucoma C. Cataracts D. Myopia

B

If you are sitting in a dark room, at what time period do you think that your eyes will be fully adjusted to the room? A. 3-4 minutes B. 7-10 minutes C. 20-30 minutes D. 45+ minutes

C

If you have been told you have Astigmatism, which best describes your symptoms? A. Objects close to you become blurry and out of focus B. Objects at far distances become blurry and out of focus. C. Your vision as a whole becomes distorted and blurred espeically for particular orientations. D. You see black spots in your visual field.

C

What is an explanation as to why we are able to see stars more clearly at night if we do not look at them directly? A. Pupils constrict to narrow the focus of our fovea and allow more cones to detect the stars B. Cones in the periphery are numerous and detect the color of the stars C. Rods work better in dim light and are only found in the periphery. D. Cones in the periphery are sensitive to the light of the stars

C

What type of cortical cell were Hubel and Weisel most likely recording from when they accidentally discovered the receptive feild by slipping a slide into the projector? A. A ganglion cell B. A simple cell C. A complex cell D. A biploar cell

C

Which of the below is TRUE of Dendrites? A. Contains the nucleus of the cell B. Send the signal to the next neuron C. There can be many for one neuron D. The electrical charge travels actively through them

C

Why does the fovea provide the clearest, most detailed visual information? A. It is closest to the pupil. B. It surrounds the optic nerve. C. It has a 1-1 convergence onto the ganglion cells D. It contains many blood vessels for supplying energy.

C

What is true about higher convergence? A. It leads to better acuity B. The ganglion cell knows exactly where the signal is coming from C. The photoreceptors that have higher convergence are tapered at the ends D. Ganglion cells can respond to dimmer lights

D

Which of the following measures of threshold is an appropriate example of the method of limits? A. A participant is asked to note when they can see a light. A knob is turned continuously until the student detects the light. B. A participant is being tested for their pain threshold. A researcher times how long they are able to leave their hand in a bucket of ice water until the pain is no longer bearable. C. An observer is presented with a number of random stimuli for light. Some lights are above the threshold and some are below. The observer must note which stimuli they see as they are randomly presented. D. A participant is asked to record at what point they hear a sound. The sound begins very low, and volume is incrementally increased, and on the next trial incrementally decreased.

D

You have been shown a Hermann grid and are confused how grey dots appear when you look at the side of the grid, but when you look at the dots directly they have disappeared. Give one explanation of why this illusion is formed. A. The grey dots are actually there and your blind spot is just blocking you from seeing it when you look at it. B. Because the fovea is all rods you cannot see the dot when you look directly at it. C. An increased amount of dark areas creates higher lateral inhibition in the eye from adjacent bipolar cells. It is because your eyes are too photobleached to see what is actually there. D. Because the area surrounding the grey dot has more brightly lit areas, you receive greater amount of lateral inhibition, and consequently see the area as darker.

D

Which of the following eye problems is likely to lead to tunnel vision? A. Glaucoma B. Retinitus Pigmentosa C. Macular Degeneration D. Diabetic Retinopathy E. A & B F. B & C

E

The correct order in which LIGHT passes through the physical eye BEFORE being transduced is: cornea > iris/pupil > lens > ganglion cells > bipolar cells > rods/cones. TRUE FALSE

True