NUR 190 EAQ - Pharmacological Therapies
A client with type 2 diabetes is taking one oral hypoglycemic tablet daily. The client asks whether an extra pill should be taken before exercise. What is the best response by the nurse?
"No, but you should observe for signs of hypoglycemia while exercising."
A nurse is caring for a client who is a victim of trauma and is to receive a blood transfusion. How should the nurse response when the client expresses fear that acquired immunodeficiency disease (AIDS) may be acquired as a result of the blood transfusion?
"Screening for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies has minimized this risk."
A client who is receiving phenytoin to control a seizure disorder questions the nurse regarding this medication after discharge. What is the nurse's best response?
"This medication will probably be continued for life."
The nurse provides education to a client about the side effects of furosemide (Lasix). Which client statements indicate that the teaching is understood? Select all that apply.
-"I should change my position slowly." -"I must eat a food that contains potassium every day."
Which drugs used for the treatment of plaque psoriasis will the nurse administer subcutaneously? Select all that apply.
-Etanercept -Adalimumab -Ustekinumab
A nurse teaches dietary guidelines to a client who will be receiving tranylcypromine sulfate (Parnate), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). The client compiles a list of foods to avoid. Which foods included on the list indicate that the teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.
-Pepperoni pizza -Bologna sandwich
Which precautions should the nurse follow to minimize medication errors in children? Select all that apply.
-Use authoritative resources such as drug handbooks. -Communicate with the parents or caregivers. -Confirming information about the client every time a dose is given.
Which antidepressant drug may also be used as a first-line medication for smoking cessation?
Bupropion.
At 6 weeks gestation a client is found to have gonorrhea. What medication does a nurse expect the primary healthcare provider to prescribe?
Ceftriaxone.
Following surgery, total parenteral nutrition is instituted via a central venous infusion. During the fourth hour of the infusion the client complains of nausea, fatigue, and a headache. The hourly urine output is twice the amount of the previous hour. After contacting the primary health care provider, what is the next action the nurse should take?
Check the serum glucose level.
Which medication is used in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD)?
Clomipramine.
Which side effect is associated with loratadine?
Dry mouth.
A client is to receive metoclopramide intravenously 30 minutes before initiating chemotherapy for cancer of the colon. The nurse explains that metoclopramide is given for what purpose?
Enhance relaxation of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
A 12-year-old child with cystic fibrosis is to receive four pancrelipase (Pancrease) capsules five times a day. The nurse explains that the medication should be taken with meals and snacks because this will do what?
Facilitate nutrient utilization.
A young adult being treated for substance abuse asks the nurse about methadone. The nurse responds that methadone is useful in the treatment of opioid addiction because it has what characteristic?
Has an effect of longer duration.
Which drug is often used to treat bipolar disorder?
Lithium.
A nurse teaches a client that it is not recommended to take bicarbonate of soda regularly. What effect of bicarbonate of soda is the nurse trying to prevent?
Metabolic alkalosis.
A client tells the nurse during the admission history that an oral hypoglycemic agent is taken daily. For which condition does the nurse conclude that an oral hypoglycemic agent may be prescribed by the health care provider?
Reduced insulin production.
A client is admitted to the hospital for a subtotal thyroidectomy. When discussing postoperative drug therapy with the client, the nurse should teach the client to do what?
Report palpitations, nervousness, tremors, or loss of weight that may indicate an overdose of thyroid hormone.
Alprazolam is prescribed for a client who is anxious. For what therapeutic effect will the nurse monitor the client?
Resting quietly.
Which statement by the nurse is true for collecting a urine sample in toddlers?
Single-use bags can be placed over the child's urethral meatus.
A client who is being treated for schizophrenia, paranoid type, arrives at the clinic demonstrating a shuffling gait and tilting his head toward one shoulder. What should the nurse conclude about these clinical manifestations?
Possible side effects of the antipsychotic medication.
A nurse provides teaching regarding vitamin B12 injections to a client with pernicious anemia. What statement by the client indicates that teaching was understood?
"I must take this monthly for the rest of my life."
A 6-year-old child who has undergone abdominal surgery complains of incisional pain. The nurse administers the prescribed acetaminophen (Tylenol). The mother asks the nurse why her child isn't being given ibuprofen (Advil). The nurse considers the pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen before responding how?
"It could prolong bleeding time."
An older client who is living in a nursing home is admitted to the hospital to be treated with intravenous antibiotics for sepsis resulting from a urinary tract infection. The client becomes agitated and attempts to pull out the IV. The health care provider prescribes a stat dose of haloperidol (Haldol) 0.5 mg IM. The haloperidol is available in a vial that states there are 2 mg/mL. How much solution should the nurse administer? Include a leading zero if applicable. Record your answer using two decimal places.
0.25mL.
A pregnant client who is Rh negative visits the prenatal clinic during the first trimester of pregnancy. She is informed by the primary healthcare provider that Rh sensitization is suspected and that Rho(D) immune globulin eventually will be given. At what week of gestation should the nurse explain that the medication will be administered?
28 weeks.
After cataract surgery, a client reports feeling nauseated. How can the nurse help relieve the nausea?
Administer the prescribed antiemetic drug.
The nurse provides discharge teaching to a client with tuberculosis. Which treatment measure does the nurse reinforce as the highest priority?
Consistently taking prescribed medication.
A nurse administers lactulose to a client with cirrhosis of the liver. Which laboratory test change leads the nurse to determine that the lactulose is effective?
Decreased ammonia.
A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of dehydration and hypokalemia. What is important for the nurse to consider when administering potassium chloride intravenously to this client?
Oliguria is an indication for withholding intravenous (IV) potassium.
A nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of unstable angina. Sublingual nitroglycerin has been prescribed. What client response indicates that nitroglycerin is effective?
Pain subsides as a result of arteriole and venous dilation.
The health care provider prescribes mebendazole (Vermox) for a 4-year-old child with pinworms. For which expected response to the medication does the nurse teach the parents to be alert?
Passage of worms.
A client who is on long-term corticosteroid therapy following an adrenalectomy is admitted to the surgical intensive care unit after being involved in a motor vehicle crash. What is the nurse's most important concern related to the client's history?
Steroid therapy will need to be increased to avert a life-threatening crisis.
A client with chronic undifferentiated schizophrenia is receiving an antipsychotic medication. For which potentially irreversible extrapyramidal side effect should a nurse monitor the client?
Tardive dyskinesia.
Immediately after the third stage of labor a nurse administers the prescribed oxytocin (Pitocin) infusion. Why is this medication administered?
To help the uterus contract.
