NUR 213 Burns Questions
When using the Palmer method to estimate the extent of a small or scattered burn injury, the nurse recognizes the palm is equal to which percentage of total body surface area?
1
Immediately after a burn injury, electrolytes need to be evaluated for a major indicator of massive cell destruction, which is:
Hyperkalemia
Which of the following is to be expected soon after a major burn? Select all that apply.
Hypotension Tachycardia Anxiety
A client who has sustained burns to the anterior chest and upper extremities is brought to the burn center. During the initial stage of assessment, which nursing diagnosis is primary?
Impaired gas exchange
A client who has been burned significantly is taken by air ambulance to the burn unit. What physiologic process furthers a burn injury?
Inflammatory
The nurse determines which statement reflects current research regarding the utilization of nonpharmacological measures in the management of burn pain?
Music therapy may provide reality orientation, distraction, and sensory stimulation.
Which type of debridement occurs when nonliving tissue sloughs away from uninjured tissues?
Natural
A client with superficial burns on the face and deep partial-thickness burns on the neck and chest is undergoing treatment and is anxious to know about skin grafting. For which of the following areas can skin grafting be suggested?
Neck and chest
Which of the following is a true statement regarding the purposes of skin grafts?
Reduces scarring and contractors
Which of the following fluid or electrolyte changes occur in the emergent/resuscitative phase?
Reduction in blood volume
The nurse participates in a health fair about fire safety. When clothes catch fire, which intervention helps to minimize the risk of further injury to an affected person at a scene of a fire?
Roll the client with a blanket
What laboratory value observed by the nurse is unexpected during the fluid remobilization phase of a major burn?
Serum sodium level of 140 mEq/L
A patient has been prescribed mafenide acetate cream for burn treatment. The nurse should educate the patient regarding which of the following?
Severe burning for up to 20 minutes
The nurse is providing wound care for a client with burns to the lower extremities. Which topical antibacterial agent carries a side effect of leukopenia that the nurse should monitor for within 48 hours after application?
Sulfadiazine, silver (Silvadene)
Burn shock is characterized by which of the following?
capillary leak
A client with a burn injury is in acute stress. Which of the following complications is prone to develop in this client?
gastic ulcers
A client who was severely burned begins to exhibit symptoms of renal failure during treatment. What physiologic process can cause acute renal failure?
hemoconcentration
The nurse receives a client following a serious thermal burn. Which complication will the nurse take action to prevent first?
hypovolemia
A patient has a burn injury that has destroyed all of the dermis and extends into the subcutaneous tissue, involving the muscle. This type of burn injury would be documented as which of the following?
Full thickness
To meet early nutritional demands for protein, a 198-lb (90-kg) burned patient will need to ingest a minimum of how much protein every 24 hours?
180g/day Rationale: Recommendations from recent literature advocate protein requirements of 1.5 to 2 g/kg/day
Which of the following measures can be used to cool a burn?
Application of cool water Explanation: Once a burn has been sustained, the application of cool water is the best first-aid measure. Never apply ice directly to the burn, never wrap the person in ice, and never use cold soaks or dressings for longer than several minutes; such procedures may worsen the tissue damage and lead to hypothermia in people with large burns.
A client with a severe electrical burn injury is treated in the burn unit. Which laboratory result would cause the nurse the most concern?
BUN: 28
The most important intervention in the nutritional support of a client with a burn injury is to provide adequate nutrition and calories to
Decrease catabolism
A client with deep partial-thickness and full-thickness burns on the arms receives autografts. Two days later, the nurse finds the client doing arm exercises. The nurse provides additional client teaching because these exercises may:
Dislodge the autografts
A nurse practitioner administers first aid to a patient with a deep partial-thickness burn on his left foot. The nurse describes the skin involvement as the:
Epidermis
