NURS 1140 Pharm Ch. 34 EAQ

Which is a stimulant laxative used in the treatment of constipation? A. Bisacodyl (Correctol) B. Lactulose (Constulose) C. Polycarbophil (FiberCon) D. Docusate sodium (Colace)

A

Which laxative induces secretion of chloride-rich intestinal fluid without altering sodium or potassium concentrations in the serum? A. Lubiprostone (Amitiza) B. Magnesium citrate (Citrate of Magnesia) C. Sodium phosphates (Fleet Phospho-Soda) D. Magnesium hydroxide (Phillips' Milk of Magnesia)

A

Which statement regarding lubricant laxatives is correct? A. Lubricant laxatives produce a soft stool without causing bowel spasms. B. Lubricant laxatives should not be given to geriatric and pregnant patients. C. Lubricant laxatives are considered the safest laxatives to take. D. Lubricant laxatives should be dissolved in a glass of water before administration

A

Which type of laxative has a mechanism of action that depends on the patient's hydration status? A. Stool softeners B. Saline laxatives C. Opioid antagonists D. Bulk-forming laxatives

A

Which type of laxative is used to treat acute constipation? A. Saline laxatives B. Osmotic laxatives C. Opioid antagonist laxatives D. Stimulant laxatives E. Bulk-forming laxatives

A, B, D

Which serious side effects of laxative therapy may cause acute abdominal problems? Select all that apply. A. Bleeding B. Flatulence C. Abdominal spasms D. Abdominal tenderness E. Increased abdominal girth

A, D, E

Which laxative enhances the absorption of mineral oil? A. Lubiprostone B. Linaclotide C. Methylnaltrexone D. Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid

A. Lubiprostone

Which medications are locally acting antidiarrheal agents? Select all that apply. A. Pectin B. Glycerin C. Mineral oil D. Wheat bran E. Activated charcoal

A. Pectin, E. Activated charcoal

Which medication is used in the treatment of both chronic idiopathic constipation and irritable bowel syndrome with constipation? A. Opium (Paregoric) B. Lubiprostone (Amitiza) C. Methylcellulose D. Methylnaltrexone (Relistor)

B

Which statement regarding saline laxatives is true? A. Saline laxatives act within 3 to 4 hours B. Chronic use of saline laxatives may cause a loss of normal bowel functions C. Saline laxatives are more effective in improving stool frequency than stool softeners D. Continuous use of saline laxatives may inhibit the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins

B

Which type of laxative produces a soft stool without causing a significant bowel spasm? A. Saline laxatives B. Lubricant laxatives C. Stimulant laxatives D. Bulk-forming laxatives

B

Which medications are osmotic laxatives used in the treatment of constipation? Select all that apply. A. Lubiprostone (Amitiza) B. Lactulose (Constulose) C. Polycarbophil (FiberCon) D. Polyethylene glycol (MiraLAX) E. Glycerin (Glycerin suppositories)

B, D, E

What is the purpose of bulk-forming laxatives? A. Treatment of acute constipation B. Control of certain types of diarrhea C. Treatment of opioid-induced constipation D. Prevention of constipation in patients who underwent abdominal surgery

B. Control of certain types of diarrhea

Which medication is contraindicated for the treatment of diarrhea in children younger than 2 years of age? A. Loperamine (Imodium A-D) B. Difenoxin with atropine (Motofen) C. Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactinex) D. Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)

B. Difenoxin with atropine (Motofen)

Which laxative lubricates the intestinal wall and softens stool in patients with constipation? A. Bisacodyl (Correctol) B. Lactulose (Constulose) C. Mineral oil (Kondremul) D. Sennosides A and B (Ex-Lax)

C

Which medication used in the treatment of constipation may cause a deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins with prolonged use? A. Docusate (Colace) B. Bisacodyl (Correctol) C. Mineral oil (Kondremul) D. Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid (Metamucil)

C

Which medications are bulk-forming laxatives? Select all that apply. A. Lactulose (Constulose) B. Lubiprostone (Amitiza) C. Polycarbophil (FiberCon) D. Polyethylene glycol (CoLyte) E. Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid (Metamucil)

C, E

What is a serious adverse effect of antidiarrheal agents? A. Constipation B. Abdominal spasms C. Prolonged diarrhea D. Abdominal distention

C. Prolonged diarrhea

What is the mechanism of action of bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) in treating diarrhea? A. Inhibition of peristalsis B. Absorption of excess water to cause a formed stool C. Adsorption of irritants and bacteria that cause diarrhea D. Inhibition of fluid secretions into the GI tract

D

Which statement regarding systemically acting antidiarrheal agents is true? A. They stop the secretion of diarrhea-promoting fluids into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. B. They act by killing bacteria and viruses that induce diarrhea. C. They absorb excess water to cause a formed stool and adsorb irritants that cause diarrhea. D. They act through the autonomic nervous system to reduce peristalsis and motility of the GI tract.

D

Which medications are used to treat diarrhea? Select all that apply. A. Bisacodyl (Correctol) B. Lubiprostone (Amitiza) C. Polycarbophil (FiberCon) D. Loperamide (Imodium A-D) E. Difenoxin with atropine (Motofen)

D, E

In which patient population is lubiprostone contraindicated? A. Patients who are elderly B. Patients who are pregnant C. Patients who should not strain during defecation D. Patients who are debilitated and are in a recumbent position

D. Patients who are debilitated and are in a recumbent position

Which laxative would help increase stool frequency in patients with chronic constipation? A. Lubiprostone B. Mineral oil C. Sodium phosphates D. Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid

D. Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid