Nursery-Landscape Test Bank A

Most of the feeding roots of a tree can be found between ________ inches deep. a. 1 and 12 c. 10 and 50 b. 10 and 30 d. 10 and 60

1 and 12

A fertilizer with an analysis of 0-5-10 contains_____ percent potassium. a. 0 b. 5 c. 10 d. 15

10

About ______ elements are considered essential nutrients for plant growth and development. a. 7 c. 16 b. 9 d. 32

16

Which LD-50 rating listed is most toxic to humans? a. 17 c. 905 b. 84 d. 1000

17

When heat is used to pasteurize potting soil, the soil, the soil should be heated to about: a. 100 degrees for 30 minutes b. 115 degrees for 1 hour c. 180 degrees for 30 minutes d. 190 degrees for 4 hours

180 degrees for 30 minutes

While the exact ratio mix of gasoline and oil mix for two-cycle engine fuel varies by manufacturer, the ratio generally falls in the range of: a. 20:1 and 50:1, gasoline to oil b. 20:1 and 50:1, oil to gasoline c. 10:1 and 15:1, gasoline to oil d. 10:1 and 15:1, oil to gasoline

20:1 and 50:1, gasoline to oil

A desirable soil should contain about: a. 25% air, 25% water, 50% solid material b. 10% air, 10% water, 80% solid material c.50% air, 25% water, 25% solid material d.5% air, 5% water, 90% solid material

25% air, 25% water, 50% solid material

Turf that is to be maintained at 2 inches high should be moved when it is about ________ inches tall a. 3 c. 7 b. 5 d. 9

3

For maximum benefits and cost effectiveness, mulch is generally applied about ____ inch(es) deep. a. 1 c. 10 b. 3-4 d. 10-16

3-4

A good growing medium for potted crops contains solids, air, and water. The medium, by volume, should be ___ percent solids with balance made up of air and water. a. 30 to 50 c. 85 to 95 b. 75 to 90 d. 95- 99

30 to 50

The walkway leading to the front door of a home should be at least _________ feet wide. a. 2 c. 6 b. 4 d. 8

4

Slope of the land is an important factor in planning a landscape. Lawns with a slope over about _____ are a challenge to mow safely. a. 6 inches of fall in 100 feet c. 2 percent b. a foot of fall in 100 feet d. 5 percent

5 percent

A bag of fertilizer with an analysis of 5-10-15 consist of: a. 5% nitrogen, 10% potash and 15% phosphorus. b. 5% potash, 10% nitrogen, and 15% phosphorus. c. 5 pounds of nitrogen, 10 pounds of phosphorus, and 15 pounds of potash. d. 5% nitrogen, 10% phosphorus, and 15% potash.

5% nitrogen, 10% phosphorus, and 15% potash.

A good soil pH range for most nursery plants would be: a. 7.0 to 8.5 c. 5.5 to 6.5 b. 4.5 to 5.5 d. 6.5 to 7.0

5.5 to 6.5

The soil pH range in which landscape plants grow range of: a. 5.5 to 6.5 pH b. 3.5 to 4.5 pH c.6.5 to 8.5 pH d.7.5 to 9 pH

5.5 to 6.5 pH

Generally, solid wooden fences should be about ____ feet high to provide privacy, some wind protection, and reduce noise. a. 4 c. 8 b. 6 d. 10

6

Soil sample cores from the lawn should be taken about ___ inch(es) deep. a. 1 c. 6 b. 3 d. 14

6

To assure a soil test covers most of the root zone, soil core samples should be taken to a depth about _____ inches. a. 2 c. 6 b. 3 d. 14

6

The following size trees were advertised in a wholesale catalog. which tree is the largest? a. 6 inch caliper b. 18-24 inch whip c. 5-6 feet d. it is impossible to determine by the information provided

6 inch caliper

Most plants grow best in soil with a pH range of _______. a. 3.5 to 5 c. 6 to 6.5 b. 4 to 5 d. 7 to 8

6 to 6.5

For better and faster rooting, bottom heat is sometimes applied to cuttings in rooting beds to keep the soil temperature _____. a. 75 to 80 degrees F c. 55 to 60 degrees F b. 60 to 65 degrees F d. 45 to 55 degrees F

75 to 80 degrees F

A call to _________ is always advisable if you think you may be digging anywhere near underground utility lines. a. 411 c. 888 b. 811 d. 977

811

A Federal government agency which, among other responsibilities, protects plant health by inspection for plant diseases that may be brought into the U.S. by international travelers at airports, ports, etc., is: a. PLANET c. NCLA b. APHIS d. OSHA

APHIS

Which of these is a governmental agency with duties that include preventing the importation of plant diseases, insects, and non native invasive species a. PLANET c. NLCA b. APHIS d. OSHA

APHIS

Which of the following is a hybrid cross between a red maple and silver maple? a. Acer x freemanii c. Acer rubrum 'October glory' b. Acer palmatum d. acer platanoides

Acer x freemanii

Which of these is sometimes planted to hold the soil in place until a permanent turfgrass can be established? a. Annual Ryegrass c. Bentgrass b. Bermudagrass d. Annual Bluegrass

Annual Ryegrass

Which of the statements below is TRUE concerning the turfgrass species specified? a. Annual Ryegrass is sometimes used as a nurse grass to hold soil in place until a permanent turfgrass is established b. Bermudagrass is always grown from seed and is one of the most shade tolerant turfgrasses C.Bentgrass is noxious weed that invades lawns and golf greens in USDA Hardiness Zones 7 to 12 D.Annual Bluegrass is often used on putting greens due to its cold hardiness and fine texture

Annual Ryegrass is sometimes used as a c. nurse grass to hold soil in place until a permanent turfgrass is established

One of the best landscape plants for early spring color is: a. Hosta c. Crepe Myrtle b. Gaillardia d. Azalea

Azalea

The signal words _______________ are used on chemical containers to indicate relative toxicity. a. Caution, Warning, Poison b. Poison, Caution, Corrosive c. Warning, Caution, Toxic d. Caution, Warning, Danger

Caution, Warning, Danger

Which of these is true of cloned plants? a. Meiosis is a part of the cloning process that produces the plant b. Cloned plants are genetically superior to the parent plant c. Cloned plants are genetic duplicates of the parent plants d. Cloned plants are genetically superior to the plants propagated from seed

Cloned plants are genetic duplicates of the parent plants

Which of these ornamental trees in commonly solid in either white or pink blooming varieties? a. Ginkgo b. Japanese Maple C.European Beech D. Dogwood

Dogwood

Which of the following is true about slopes in the landscape ? a. Slopes less than 2% do not drain well. b. Drive up and down the slopes when mowing with a rider mower on slopes over about 4%. c. Mow across any slope when operating a riding mower. d. Mow up and down slopes when mowing with a walk- behind

Drive up and down the slopes when mowing with a rider mower on slopes over about 4%

Which of the following would need the most protection from hot and dry locations in the landscape, especially the hot afternoon sun? a. Gardenia c. Sweet Gum b. Red Maple d. Bermudagrass

Gardenia

Which of these grasses cannot generally be established from seed and is most successfully established by plugs, sod, or sprigs? a. Hybrid Bermudagrass c. Kentucky 31 Fescue b. Kentucky Bluegrass d. Annual Ryegrass

Hybrid Bermudagrass

Watering plants _____________ will to help reduce disease in nursery crops. a. late in the afternoon c. in the late evening b. in the morning d. in the early evening

In the morning

Which of the following is true? a. Inorganic fertilizers have been proven to be much better than organic fertilizers. b. organic fertilizers have been proven to be much better than inorganic fertilizers. c. Inorganic fertilizers have been proven to be safer than organic fertilizers. d. Inorganic fertilizers generally release their nutrients quicker than organic fertilizers.

Inorganic fertilizers generally release their nutrients quicker than organic fertilizers.

Which of these plants has the finest leaf texture? a. Chinese Holly c. Oregon Grape Mohania b. Japanese Holly d. Red Maple

Japanese Holly

A customer tells you that a large limb about 5 inches in diameter was broken off of their tree recently is a storm leaving a frayed stub about 15 inches from the tree trunk. What is the best advice for this customer? a. Spray the frayed stub with wound spray b. Cut the frayed stub back about 5 inches from the trunk and seal with wound dressing. c. Do nothing. Research has shown that treating wounds of this nature is not beneficial. d. Make a clean cut next to the trunk, avoiding the collar area. Apply wound spray if desired.

Make a clean cut next to the trunk, avoiding the collar area. Apply wound spray if desired.

What is the advantage of using plants in the landscape that are native to the area or plants that are derived from native species a. Native plants and selected varieties of native plants are less expensive b. Native plants are selected varieties are smaller at maturity and require less pruning c. Native plants and selected varieties will grow in all soil conditions in the area d.Native plants and selected varieties are usually more resistant to pests and are better adapted to the environment of the area

Native plants and selected varieties are usually more resistant to pests and are better adapted to the environment of the area

Which of the following elements are generally NOT needed by plants? a. C,H,O c. P, K, Mg b. Ni, He, Ti d. Fe, Ca, N

Ni, He, Ti

Which nutrient is most readily lost from the soil and is applied according to general recommendations for plant needs rathe than soil test results? a. Nitrogen c. Calcium b. Phosphorus d. Magnesium

Nitrogen

Which federal agency was established to make the workplace safer? a. OSHA c. USDA b. EPA d. APHIS

OSHA

Which federal agency is responsible for inspection businesses to ensure that employers provide employees with a workplace that is free from recognized hazards that are likely to cause harm to the employees? a. American Community and Workplace Administration b. Cooperative Extension Service c. Occupational Safety and Health Administration d. Hazard Prevention Administration

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

Where would you find the following warning? "For retail sale to and application only by certified applicators or persons under their direct supervisors." a. On a pesticide container used as a wettable powder. b. On a restricted-use pesticide container. c. On a pesticide container with the word "Caution" on the label. d. On all pesticides for which an MSDS has been issued.

On a restricted-use pesticide container.

Which of these plants can best survive freezing temperatures in the landscape a. Marigold c. Impatiens b. Zinnia d. Pansy

Pansy

Which of these plants is most likely to survive in the landscape if temperatures go below freezing for extended periods? a. Wax Begonia c. Striped Dracena b. Pansy d. Benjamin Fig

Pansy

In the analysis of a landscape business the following data for the year were collected. Which single item is most accurate in indicating the profitability of the business? a. Gross sales = $68,000 c. Inventory = $213,000 b. Payroll = $185,000 d. Payroll = $350,000

Payroll = $185,000

Other than a 3dimensional model of a proposed landscape project nothing allows a better visualization of the proposed design than a a. Basemap drawing c. Contour display b. Perspective drawing d. Plot plan drawing

Perspective drawing

The three most distinct areas of a residence to be landscaped are known as a. Public, private, service b. front, back and extended c. commercial residential and private d. Commercial service and public

Public, private, service

Which tree does NOT provide food fall color? a. Red Maple b. Sugar Maple c. Ginkgo d. Norway Spruce

Red Maple

The law dealing with the requirement to educate workers on chemical safety and to make workers aware of the chemical hazards in their work environment is knows as the _____________ law a. MSDS c. Workplace Hazards b. Right to Know d. Comprehensive Chemical Safety

Right to Know

Which of the following is correct about scalping lawns? a. Scalping is generally undesirable,occurring on uneven ground or when a mower blade is set too low b. Scalping is recommended to be done only one timer per year and in mid-summer c. Scalping is most beneficial if done in the fall d. Lawns in good condition need scalping only once every two or three years

Scalping is generally undesirable,occurring on uneven ground or when a mower blade is set too low

When planting seeds the most important factor to consider when determining how deep to plant the seed is the: a. Size of the seeds c. Soil temperature b. Viability of the seeds d. Depth of the top soil

Size of the seeds

Which of the following is a Federal tax that is deducted from the pay checks of full time employees? a. property tax c. Social Security b. Medicaid d. state income tax

Social Security

In what position should a deciduous tree be planted to shade a building from the hot afternoon sun during the summer and allow the warming sun rays to reach the building in winter? a. East c. Northwest b. North d. Southwest

Southwest

To help assure that granular fertilizer is spread evenly over the lawn it is best a. broadcast fertilizer by hand b. Spread one half of the fertilizer in one direction and one half at right angles to the first directio c.Use a drop spreader with a setting of 7 to 9 d.Use a drop spreader with a setting of 9 to 10

Spread one half of the fertilizer in one d. direction and one half at right angles to the first direction

A pesticide that enters the plant system and moves throughout the plant to control plant pests as they feed on the plant tissues is the best defined as which of the following? a. Systemic c. Fumigant b. Internal Poison d. Contact Poison

Systemic

Which of the following is false statement? a. Generally, shrubs in the landscape should be within bed lines b. Shrubs of the same specied that are grouped together should generally be used in odd numbers c. Tall growing trees should be planted on the sides of the home with short trees in the back and medium sized trees in the front D. Cornus florida prefers partial shade

Tall growing trees should be planted on the sides of the home with short trees in the back and medium sized trees in the front

Which of the following is NOT a guideline to used in planning and implementing an integrated pest management program (PM)? a. Use control that will cause the least amount of injury to the pest's natural enemies. b. Use the control that has the least potential to cause harm to humans. c. Use the control that is the safest no matter the cost or effectiveness. d. Use the control that will cause the least damage to the environment.

Use the control that is the safest no matter the cost or effectiveness.

If the temperature dips below freezing for several days, which of these plants would most likely NOT survive in the landscape without protection? a. Wax Begonia c. Cotoneaster b. Pansy d. Forsythia

Wax Begonia

Which of the following is the LEAST important question to ask while interviewing the client about a total home landscape plan? a. How many cars are in the family? b. What are the hobbies or special interest of the family members? c.Tell me about your pets? d.Where does the family like to go on vacation?

Where does the family like to go on vacation?

If landscape plants need severe pruning generally it is best done in the: a. Summer when the plants are actively growing b. Winter when the plants are dormant c.Spring just as the buds begin to break d.Spring just after the plants are in full leaf

Winter when the plants are dormant

Should employees become injured or ill due to work-related causes, they can receive financial assistance through their state's _____________ program. a. OSHA Reimbursement b. Workers' Compensation c. FEMA Assistance d. APHIS Woker Assistance

Workers' Compensation

Which of the following hardiness zones is warmer than Zone 3? a. Zone 1 c.Zone B-2 b. Zone A d. Zone 6

Zone 6

A Slow Moving Vehicle sign is required on the back of any farm vehicle or implement that travels on the road at less than 25 miles per hour. Which of these best describes a Slow Moving Vehicle sign? a. a sign with a yellow border and black center b. a green and white sign with the words 'Slow Moving Vehicle' in black lettering. c. a fluorescent yellow-orange triangle with a dark red reflective border d. a red sign with the reflective letters 'SMV' in the center

a fluorescent yellow-orange triangle with a dark red reflective border

Auxin is: a. a growth inhibitor used in the production of dwarf landscape plants b. the capital of Texas and an area known for landscape plant production c.a hormone produced in the Terminal bud;it accounts for apical dominance and is used in rooting cuttings d.a pesticide used to control white flies and certain other insects or ornamentals

a hormone produced in the Terminal bud; it accounts for apical dominance and is used in rooting cuttings

The term organic means: a. a material derived from plant or animal materials b. better than non-organic products c. safer than non-organic products d. all of these

a material derived from plant or animal materials

Which of the following is a correct statement about a node in plants? a. a node is the section of a stem between the leaf attachment area and the terminal bud b. a node is a joint or point on a stem where a leaf is attached or has been attached c. nodes develop on limbs during the second growing season d.alan said he node all the plants on the National FFA CDE exam

a node is a joint or point on a stem where a leaf is attached or has been attached

In landscape terms, which of the following best defines an invasive species? a. a native plant that grows rapidly, over-taking cultivated landscape plants b. a non-native aggressive plant species that crowds-out native plants and other c.a plant species with an aggressive and extensive root system that clogs septic and water lines d.any desirable plant

a non-native aggressive plant species that crowds-out native plants and other cultivated species

Spark plugs are best removed from a mower engine with: a. a spark plug socket c. spark plug pliers b. a spark plug gap gage d. a boxed-end wrench

a spark plug socket

Xeriscapint is best defined as: a. the use of techniques to minimize landscape plants and maximize hardscape materials b. the absence of landscaping c.a type landscaping that utilitizes techniques to conserve water d.a landscape using mostly hardscape materials with no in-ground plants, and limited containerized plants

a type landscaping that utilitizes techniques to conserve water

Plants to be used in interiorscapes are produced in conditions for best plant growth. Before being placed in interiorscapes, where the growing conditions will be less desirable, the plants should be _______ to the new environment. a. acclimated c. scaled b. softened d. espaliered

acclimated

Soil pH refers to the ________ of the soil a. acidity or alkalinity b. permeability c. clay content d. phosphorus content

acidity or alkalinity

Subcontractors on large landscape installations may be used to: a. install a fountain c. grade the site b. install an irrigation system d. all of the above

all of the above

The gap on a spark plug must be specified width in order to: a. provide for the proper flow of gasoline into the cylinder b. allow air flow into the cylinder, which vaporized the gasoline c. regulate the mixture of air and gasoline d. allow electricity to jump the gap, creating a spark to ignite the fuel

allow electricity to jump the gap, creating a spark to ignite the fuel

Changing the color of blooms on certain Hydrangea macrophylla varieties from pink to blue or from blue to pink is controlled by the availability of __________ in the soil a. nitrogen c. phosphorus b. aluminum d. iron

aluminum

The success of a compost pile in the process of decomposition can be estimated to some degree by the: a. amount of heat given off b. type of odor given off c. color of the exterior surface d. moisture generated in outer-most layers

amount of heat given off

Which of these plants would make the best accent or specimen plant? a. Eastern White Pine c. Oakleaf Hydrangea b. an espaliered Pyracantha d. Flowering Dogwood

an espaliered Pyracantha

Life in a good landscape topsoil contains all the following EXCEPT: a. worms c. aphids b. bacteria d. fungi

aphids

Hydroseeding, which is the process of _________, is often used to establish grass on steep slopes. a. applying a mixture of seed,water, fertilizer, and mulch in a spray slurry b. infusing hydrogen into seed for quick germination c. planting seeds by air pressure d. soaking seeds in water and a mild paste before application

applying a mixture of seed,water, fertilizer, and mulch in a spray slurry

Turfgrasses generally need __________ sunlight to perform satisfactorily. a. at least 2 hours of c. at least 6 hours of b. at least 3 hours of d. only indirect

at least 6 hours of

A plant transplanted into the landscape or potted into a larger pot should be planted: a. about 2-3 inches deeper than it was originally growing b. about 2-3 inches higher than it was originally growing c. at the same depth it was originally growing d. so that at least one inch of the main stem is still covered

at the same depth it was originally growing

Maintaining the proper soil pH is a must for the efficient use of other crop inputs. Understanding that soil pH controls the _______ is important for plant producers. a. availability of most nutrients b. amount of moisture available to the plant c. germination of most crop seeds d. effectiveness of herbicides

availability of most nutrients

The planting season of ________ is generally restricted to the late fall through early spring. a. bare-root shrubs and trees b. containerized shrubs and trees over 5 gallons c. containerized shrubs and trees less than 5 gallons d. herbaceous plants

bare-root shrubs and trees

Most of the damaging white grubs found in lawns are the larvae of: a. crickets. c. moths. b. wasps. d.beetles.

beetles.

Most hollies are prized for their: a. flowers b. berries c. fall leaf color d. fragrance

berries

Locally owned, independent garden centers have found it difficult to compete with chain stores on price. In many cases, they have been able to remain competitive by providing: a. longer hours of operation b. better guarantees c. cleaner and brighter stores d. better service

better service

In the process of obtaining bids on large landscape projects, a _______ bond is often required to assure that the contractor who is selected as the winning bidder for the job will actually sign the contract and follow through to complete the landscape job he/she bid.

bid

Providing ________ is one technique often used to help speed up the rooting of cuttings. a. soil cooling c. leaf heating b. bottom heat d. extra fertilizer

bottom heat

Which of these are not traditional drawing tools used in drawing landscapes plans a. Protractor, compass, scale b. T-square, triangle, lettering template c. French curve, erasers, flexible curves d. bow arch, twist curve, inch meter

bow arch, twist curve, inch meter

Plants store reserve energy in the form of ____________. a. fats c. carbohydrates b. carbon dioxide d. carbon credits

carbohydrates

Insects are categorized into two major feeding types for control purposes. These are: a. leaf and xylem feeders b. chewing and sucking feeders c. abrasion and epidermis feeders d. shredding and thatching feeders

chewing and sucking feeders

At what point on the cutting will roots normally develop first? a. close to a node b. just above the soil line c. at the very base of the cutting d. along the internode

close to a node

Sand used in potting mixes for horticultural crops should generally be _________ textured. a. smooth c. fine to medium b. very fine d. coarse

coarse

Which of these is true about glyphosate(Roundup)? a. concentrations of Roundup to be used vary bases on the type of plant to be controlled b. Roundup kills only broadleaf weeds c. Roundup kills only grasses d. Roundup should be used only on Roundup-Ready plants

concentrations of Roundup to be used vary bases on the type of plant to be controlled

The most important benefit of using mulch around landscape plants is to: a. add nutrients to the soil c. recycle waste material b. conserve soil moisture d. moderate soil texture

conserve soil moisture

Which of the following would be the most likely to survive being planted into the landscape during the hot summer months? A.bare root deciduous plants C.bare root evergreens B.containerized plants D.balled and burlapped trees

containerized plants

Which of these is used to record the slope of different areas of the property? a. genome map c. eco-map b. contour map d. enviro-map

contour map

Which of the following is the recommended type of turf aeration that allows for maximum penetration of air and water into the soil? a. core c. spike b. triangular d. square

core

Which of these is NOT a common type of night lighting for the landscape? a. shadow c. up b. silhouette d. crescent

crescent

In general, when pruning trees which of the following should be removed? a. crossing branches c. water sprouts b. branches that grow toward the center of the plant c. water sprouts d. all the above

crossing branches , water sprouts branches that grow toward the center of the plant

In the commercial nursery trade, additions are often made to the binomial name of the plant, such as, 'Crimson King' to the name Acer platanoides. In this case, 'Crimson King' is the ____________ name. a. species b. cultivar c. genus d. order

cultivar

Heavy equipment used to grade landscape sites, especially if work is done when the soil is wet, may: a. improve air movement during the soil layers b. reduce the soil organic content c. damage the soil structure d. improve the organic content of the soil

damage the soil structure

A common fungal disease infecting newly germinated seeds and seedlings is: a. black spot b. mosaic virus c.damping-off d. fire blight

damping-off

Lichens growing on a landscape plant are a sign that the plant is: a. declining in health or vigor. b. under attack by the lichen organism. c. is a slow growth modewhile preparing for winter d. in a vigorous stage of growth.

declining in health or vigor.

Hedges, a common feature in many landscapes, are commonly used to do all of the following EXCEPT: a. define property lines and buffer noises b. provide privacy and block strong winds c. block the view of unpleasing objects d. define legally binding property boundaries

define legally binding property boundaries

A __________ plant that produces male flowers on one plant and female flower parts on another plant. a. staminate c. diecious b. monecious d. gymnosperm

diecious

Plants such as ginkgo and holly that have only male or female flowers on a single plant are called a. imperfect c. monecious b. perfect d. dioecious

dioecious

If a plant catalog lists a plant in Plant Hardiness Zone 6, this means that the plant: a. is cold hardy only in the northern-most sections of the U.S. b. does not do well in areas with temperatures above 90 degrees F. c. is invasive and cannot be shipped to postal zones ending in 6. d. does not do well in areas with minimum

does not do well in areas with minimum temperatures below -10 degrees F.

The soil should be firmed around newly transplanted plants to prevent: a. drying of plant roots b. soil heaving in winter c. disease d. insects from invading the soft soil

drying of plant roots

The best time of day to take stem cuttings of landscape plants for propagation is: a. mid-day c. early evening b. early morning d. mid-afternoon

early morning

When practical, the best time of the day to water a lawn is: a. early evening c. early morning b. noon d. mid-afternoon

early morning

Field-grown trees are root pruned to: a. force more of the tree's energy into top growth b. encourage a more compact root system c. encourage tap root growth d. prevent entanglement of roots with the roots of nearby plants

encourage a more compact root system

An agriculture teacher was teaching plant parts and trying to give her students a good way to remember the definition of each part. One student wrote the definitions down but got one wrong. Which of these is wrong? a. endosperm: the male portion of the flower b. stolon: a creeping horizontal plant stem or runner that grows on the ground c. rhizome: an underground stem that can rise up to form a new plant d.internode: the section of stemin between two nodes

endosperm: the male portion of the flower

Ginkgo biloba is a tree known for its: a. excellent fall color b. fragrant spring flowers c. ease of transplanting d. colorful, edible fruit

excellent fall color

The hardscape includes items such as: a. ornamental grasses b. ornamental vegetable plants c. fruits, nuts, and vegetables d. fences and patios

fences and patios

The _____ of the fron of the home is usually the front door, with plantings leading the viewers' eye toward the door. a. attractive focus c. focal point b. social area d. attention focus

focal point

Plants that are unusually colorful or have striking growth habits, as well as fountains and statuary, are often used in the landscape as which of the following? a. focalization points c. silhouettes for balance b. convex balance points d. mass materials for rhythm

focalization points

Which of the following is the least desirable material to use as a soil amendment? a. composted leaves c. fresh saw dust b. composted manure d. peat moss

fresh saw dust

The landscape should be designed to draw the viewer's eye to the ________ as the focal point of the public section of a home landscape: a. front lawn c. front entry area b. creative commons area d. front walk

front entry area

If a plant does not "breed true" from seeds, you would expect : a. genetic variation in the offspring. b. most of the offspring to exhibit hybrid vigor. c. the offspring to be sterile. d.most of the offspring to be of average quality.

genetic variation in the offspring.

When planting a balled and burlapped tree, care should be given to unwrap or untie any materials tied around the trunk to prevent: a. guying c.warping b. freezing damage d.girdling

girdling

A nurseryman who has purchased scion stock of a popular plant variety probably will use the stock for: a. grafting. c. rooting. b. sexual reproduction. d. micro-propagation.

grafting.

On which a re of a golf course is the care of turfgrass most intense and most important? a. green b. fairway c. rough d. fringe

green

The total value of goods and services sold over a given period of time is determined as: a. marginal sales c. gross sales b. gross profit d. marginal revenue

gross sales

The single word "caution" on a pesticide label indicates: a. the lowest level of toxicity b. the highest level of toxicity c. extreme danger to vertebrates d. a highly restrictive pesticide

he lowest level of toxicity

Deciduous bare root plants obtained in the dormant season that cannot be planted immediately should be _____ to preserve them until they can be planted. a. layered c. heeled-in b. hardened-off d. kapt at a minimum of 65 degrees F

heeled-in

Covering newly seeded areas with straw helps: a. hold in moisture b. control erosion from soil splash c.slow water runoff d.all the above

hold in moisture,control erosion from soil splash,slow water runoff

One method of seeding grass is by mixing a mulch-like material, seed, fertilizer, and water into a slurry and spraying it onto the ground with a pump sprayer. This process is referred to as: a. hydromulching c. hydroseeding b. hydrozoning d. mulchseeding

hydroseeding

The practice of _____ is often used to quickly stabilize steep embankments. a. plugging c. hydroseeding b. stolonizing d. enviro-seeding

hydroseeding

One of the big advantages of using compost as a fertilizer is that it also ___________ of the soil. a. improves the structure b. decreases the temperature c. increases the mineral content d. raises the water table

improves the structure

A well-designed landscape becames an extension of the ? a. indoor living space c. public area b. garage area d. service area

indoor living space

IPM is an acronym for which of the following? a. interrelated pest management b. integrated pest management c.intensive pest management d.intensive pest material

integrated pest management

The description " produces large numbers of new plants, spreads easily, tolerates many soil types, grows rapidly, displaces native and slower growing plants, and spreads rampantly" best describes ________ plants. a. oriental c. native b. invasive d. continental

invasive

An emitter, blackflow prevention valve, and solenoid valve are items used in: a. control of soluble salts. c. irrigation. b. fumigation. d. toxicity analysis.

irrigation.

When "orientalis" is used in the botanical name of a plant, it means that the plant: a. is native to, or originated in, eastern Asia b. should be planted with a specific orientation c. is closely related to ocidentalis plants d. is a 'shade loving' plant

is native to, or originated in, eastern Asia

Which of the following statements is true about applying fertilizer to a lawn? a. lawn fertilizer should be applied as a dry,granular product b. it is best to apply fertilizer in the morning when the grass is wet from the morning dew c.modern lawn fertilizer should always be applied as a liquid d.it is a good practice to water-in fertilizer that is applied to the lawn in granular form

it is a good practice to water-in fertilizer that is applied to the lawn in granular form

In pruning shrubs, heading back cuts should be made: a. just below a bud, and as close to the bud being removed as possible b. just above the bud in the middle of the internode c. diagonally across the center of a node d. just above a node, about one fourth of an inch above the bud

just above a node, about one fourth of an inch above the bud

Which of the following are all fixed assets? a. land, builgins, cash-on-hand b. buildings, inventory, bank balance c. cash-on-hand, inventory, tractors d. land, buildings, irrigation pond

land, buildings, irrigation pond

What time is generally best to prune most deciduous trees? a. early fall c. late winter b. late summer d. early winter

late winter

It is generally best to prune deciduous trees during a. late summer after leaves are mature b. late spring just after bud break c. late winter before bud break d. early fall before leaf drop

late winter before bud break

In the landscape of a very large industrial building, the landscape designer placed trees in the front of the building in a "V" shape with the point of the V at the main entrance to the building. In this design she was using the straight lines of the V to: a. distract the viewer from the size of the building b. lead the viewers eye to the entry c. lead the viewers eye away from the entry to emphasize the size of the building d. establish textural differences in the landscape

lead the viewers eye to the entry

Upright trees generally have a center, main branch called a _________ and side branches often called ________ branches. a. top, terminal c. main, terminal b. sucker, scaffold d. leader, lateral

leader, lateral

The ______ lays its eggs between the surface layers of leaves. The eggs hatch and the larvae feed on the leaf tissues as they tunnel their way between the leaf surfaces. a. fire fly c. aphid b. bagworm d. leaf miner

leaf miner

Which of the following should NOT generally be added to a potting mix for azaleas? a. perlite c. peat moss b. lime d. sand

lime

A soil that contains nearly equal amounts of sand , silt, and clay is called a(n) ______ a. sandy, silty, clay soil c. silty clay b. loam d. equilaterally textured soil

loam

A __________ soil is one that contains a combination of sand, silt, and clay particles in relatively equal amounts. Is is a soil ideal for most garden plants because it holds plenty of moisture but also drains well so that sufficient air can reach the roots. a. platy b. loamy c. prismatic d. horizon

loamy

Which of the following best describes an attractive and easily maintained design for landscape beds and lawn areas? a. acute angles of less than 30 degrees with sloping lines b. long, curved, sweeing bed lines with distinct edges c. obtuse angles, straight bed lines d. parallel lines with wide angles and narrow edging

long, curved, sweeing bed lines with distinct edges

The slope of the home landscape should be graded so that the: a. lot slope toward the home between .5 and 1 percent so that rainwater is directed to the foundation b. slope is as near level as possible c. lot has a gentle slope away from the foundation d. lot slopes toward the house 1 percent or more so that the foundation plants serve as a catch basin

lot has a gentle slope away from the foundation

The rooting medium for cuttings of most landscape plants should be: a. high in fertility c. very fine textured b. low in fertility d. inorganic only

low in fertility

Most plants do not grow well in wet, poorly drained soils because of: a. low oxygen content c. excess nitrogen b. high pH d. low soil temperature

low oxygen content

USDA Plant Hardiness Zones are based on the __________ for an area. a. lowest expected temperatures b. highest expected temperatures c. rainfall and soil characteristics d. all the above

lowest expected temperatures

A flower that has a stamen but is lacking a pistil is called a ________ flower. a. male c. complete b. female d. radical

male

Which of the following is the best definition of "massing plants" in the landscape design? a. many plants that grow at different heights c. so that a vertical wall is formed. b. one half deciduous and one half evergreen plants in a bed. C.one-third each of deciduous plants, blooming plants, and evergreen plants. D. many plants of one or a few species in a group to fill large amounts of landscape space.

many plants of one or a few species in a group to fill large amounts of landscape space.

When grafting, special attention is given to: a. matching the cambium layer of the rootstock with t he cambium layer of the scion b. making sure that the scion is smaller than the rootstock c. selecting a scion that is at least two times larger than the rootstock d. selecting scion wood from the same tree as the rootstock

matching the cambium layer of the rootstock with t he cambium layer of the scion

The USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map is based on the _____ for an area a. minimum expected temperatures b. maximum expected temperatures c. weather and soil characteristics d. all of the above

minimum expected temperatures

The type of ________ an insect has is most important to know in the selection of a control method. a. eye sight c. mouthparts b. eggs d. wings

mouthparts

This nutrient is generally not tested for in soil tests. Instead, standard recommendations are given for its rate of application, depending on the plants or crop to be grown. a. nitrogen c. potassium b. phosphorus d. magnesium

nitrogen

To help prevent plants from growing too close to a building at maturity, most shrubs in the foundation planting should be planted: a. about 6 to 12 feet from the foundation b. between 1 to 2 feet from the foundation c. no closer than 3 feet from the foundation d. no closer than 6 feet from the foundation

no closer than 3 feet from the foundation

Generally, ________ focal point(s) should be seen by the viewer from any one point in the landscape. a. no more than one c. only two to five b. all landscape d. only two

no more than one

in the most asymmetrical landscape designs when using fewer than 10 shrubs, they should be planted in: a. groups of two b. even number groups c.groups of four d.odd number groups

odd number groups

Which of the following would be found on a four-cycle engine but not on a two-cycle engine? a. carburetor c. spark plug b. oil tank d. fuel tank

oil tank

Fertilizers made from animal or plant products or by-products are termed _______ fertilizers. a. inorganic c. organic b. aggregate-based d. mineral

organic

Soils used for starting seeds and rooting cuttings in the nursery should be: a. sterilized c. stratified b. pasteurized d. pressurized

pasteurized

An organism capable of causing a disease is called a(n): a. enzyme c. pathogen b. systemic d. carcinogen

pathogen

Disease-producing agents such as bacteria and fungi are known as: a. mosaic vectors. c. pathogens. b. mutant organisms. d. biogenes.

pathogens.

Which of the following landscape materials is derived from a naturally occurring organic source? a. perlite b. peat moss c.pea gravel d.vermiculite

peat moss

Which of these soil mix ingredients is made up or partially decomposed aquatic plants that have been preserved under water and improves the water holding capacity of growing media? a. peat moss c. mineral matter b. perlite d. vermiculite

peat moss

Astilbe, Purple Coneflower, Shasta Daisy, and Day Lily are all classified which of the following? a. bulbous c. perennials b. annuals d. biennials

perennials

Plants that have a life cycle of more than two growing seasons are known as: a. annuals c. hardy annuals b. perennials d. succulent plants

perennials

Water standing on a lawn for long periods of time is a sign of poor internal soil drainage, also known as: a. effective depth capacity. c. soil tilth b. continuity d. permeability

permeability

A simple plant leaf is made up of which of the following? a. lenticels, internodes, and serrations b. petiole and lenticels c. internode, node, petiole, and leaf blade d. petiole and leaf blade

petiole and leaf blade

A plant pathologist studies: a. diseases and insects of plants b. plant propagation methods c. plant diseases d. adaptation of plants to the landscape

plant diseases

One way to make a tall house to appear lower is to: a. plant low shrubs close to the house b. use very short shrubs in the foundation planting c. frame the house with small trees d. plant large rounded trees near the house

plant large rounded trees near the house

Which type of plant packaging provides the widest range of time that the plant can be transplanted? a. bare-root plants in plastic wrapped retail containers filled with peat moss b. bare-root plants in peat moss with burlap wrapping c. plants grown in nursery containers d. balled and burlapped plants

plants grown in nursery containers

when a pollen grain lands on a stigma, _______ has taken place. a. fertilization b. pollination c. pollephytic stimulation d. germination

pollination

To kill existing crabgrass in a lawn, a ____________ should be applied. a. post-emergence herbicide c. nonselective herbicide b. selective fungicide d. pre-emergence fungicide

post-emergence herbicide

Herbicides may be classified as ________ based on the time of their application a. pre-selective or post-selective b. pre-emergence or post-emergence c. utility or general purpose d. selective or nonselective

pre-emergence or post-emergence

Which of these are NOT terms used for irrigation materials and equipment, or in irrigation calculations? a. velocity, pressure rated pipe, rotary head b. impact drive head, gear drive head, emitter c. precipitation rate, drip tubing, pop- up head d. pressure site, surge gate, micro header

pressure site, surge gate, micro header

It is important to keep the air filter on a lawn mower clean and free of debris to: a. prevent crankcase fatigue b. keep the spark plug clean and in operating condition c. prevent oil reserviorcontamination d. prevent dust and debris from entering the carburetor

prevent dust and debris from entering the carburetor

Extra fuel for easier starting of a small engine is often supplied by pressing the __________. a. primer bulb b. flywheel c. fuel cell d. float valve

primer bulb

Nutsedge is difficult to control by hand-pulling, hoeing, or tilling because nutsedge: a. constantly produces underground seeds that are difficult to kill b. propagates from underground tubers and rhizomes. c. propagates by spores that are easily spread in the air when the plant is disturbed d. can grow easily from leaf-piece cuttings left after hoeing or tilling.

propagates from underground tubers and rhizomes.

Which of these is not a common payroll deduction for employees? a. social security c. federal income tax b. state income tax d. property tax

property tax

An advantage of using a landscape fabric around plantins rather than black polyethylene film is that landscape fabric: a. warms the root zone b. eliminates the need for mulch c. provides for the exchange of gases between soil and air d. provides color to the landscape as desired

provides for the exchange of gases between soil and air

Which of the following is one strategy that small retail nurseries often use to successfully compete with big box stores and chain garden centers? a. selling products at a lower price b. providing better service c. advertising negatively against big box stores and chain garden centers d. advertising on TV

providing better service

Which of these treatments would likely stimulate the greatest growth of lateral buds in woody plants? a. spraying with an antidessicant c. fertilization just before dormancy b. heavy watering in the fall d. pruning of the terminals

pruning of the terminals

Landscape plants, especially during harvest and shipment, are often sprayed with antidesiccants to: a. encourage root development b. reduce moisture loss from the leaves c. increase nitrogen absorption d. reduce water uptake

reduce moisture loss from the leaves

Grasses that are to be maintained at a low height, such as bentgrass on golf greens, are best cut with a ________ mower a. reel c. flail b. rotary d. riding

reel

Which type of mower is generally used on golf greens for regular mowing? a. vertical mower c. reel mower b. rotary mower d. flail mower

reel mower

In most landscape plants, pruning stimulates: a. regrowth of shoots near the cut b. development of V- shaped crotches c. root growth d. internode growth near the cut

regrowth of shoots near the cut

Coloring is often added to liquid horticultural fertilizers to indicate: a. inorganic content c. nitrogen content b. relative concentration d. organic content

relative concentration

A landscaper should call 811 before beginning certain landscape projects to: a. obtain a permit before digging b. request a check of proper zoning d. submit their environment impact license number and request EPA approval c. request assistance in locating underground utilities

request assistance in locating underground utilities

The process of converting food energy into energy for plant growth is called: a. respiration c. acclimatization b. photosynthesis d. transpiration

respiration

What are the major advantages of adding mulch around landscape plantings? a. conserve nutrients,prevent runoff, reduce disease, and prevent carbon dioxide loss b. retain moisture, cool plant trucks, control disease, and store nutrients c. control insects, improve aeration, control weeds, and provided air exchange d. retain moisture, cool plant trunks, control disease, and store nutrients

retain moisture, cool plant trucks, control disease, and store nutrients

Carrying adequate liability insurance on the business helps reduce ________ for the business. a. inventory c. risk b. gross sales d. costs

risk

Golf course turf areas that must be maintained differently to some degree include the greens, and: a. roughs and fringes c. fringes and banks b. levels and banks d. flies and slopes

roughs and fringes

Patented plants cannot legally be propagated without ______________ being paid to the patent holder. a. development taxes c. hybrid taxes b. patent rentals d. royalties

royalties

When taking soil samples, take: a. samples from all areas of the plot and mix them together b. one sample from each corner of the plot and mix them together c. one sample from the center of the plot d. samples 1-2 inches deep from the four corners and the center of the plot adn mix them together

samples from all areas of the plot and mix them together

A ________ soil has the largest pore spaces, drains the quickest, and has the poorest nutrient holding ability. a. clay c. clay loam b. sandy d. silt loam

sandy

The process of removing a portion of the seed coat allow water to enter the seed for germination is know as : a. propagation c. scarification b. mastication d. stratification

scarification

The puff balls of dandelions easily blown away by the wind, are actually: a. spores c. sepals b. seeds d. anthers

seeds

Which type of propagation would generally result in the greatest genetic variation? a. tip cuttings b. seeds c. root cuttings d.air layering

seeds

Many insect traps use _________ to trap insects. a. water c. nectar b. coolair d. sex attractants

sex attractants

When is the optimum time to prune Azaleas? a. shortly before bud break in the spring b. shortly before blooming in the spring c. in the late fall d. between January 1 and March 1

shortly before blooming in the spring

All of the following are landscape lighting types used for various lighting effects EXCEPT: a. up lighting c. silhouette lighting b. down lighting d. sketch lighting

sketch lighting

Generally, which of the following is true about the foliage texture of landscape plants? a. small leaved plants give a fine textured appearance b. large leaved plants provide a pubescence textured appearance c.coarse textured plants should not be used near fine textured plants d.fine textured plants should not be used in the foundation

small leaved plants give a fine textured appearance

A very large tree next to a one story home would make the house appear ____to the viewer and violates the principle of proportion a. longer b. wider c. larger d. smaller

smaller

Cuttings made from the new growth of woody plants, just as they begin to harden (mature), are called __________ cuttings. a. softwood c. new season b. succulent d. summer

softwood

This pest control method may be used to kill weed seeds, insects, and underground plant parts. it may also be used to kill nematodes and disease organisms in potting soil or in an outdoor plot that will be planted in a high-value crop. a. soil fumigants c. nematocides b. systemics d. emulsifiable concentrates

soil fumigants

A ________ is something useful in an area to prevent the growth of any plants. a. direct emergent herbicide c. growth regulator b. selective herbicide d. soil sterilant

soil sterilant

Two of the most common tests performed on potting soil are to determine pH and _____ levels. a. soluble salts c. oxygen b. nitrogen d. silt

soluble salts

To help assure grass seeds are distributed evenly during planting: a. use a drop spreader with a setting of seven b. use a rotary spreader with a setting of nine c.sow one-half of the seed by hang and one-half of the seed with a spreader d.sow one-half the seed in one direction and sow one-half at right angles to the first direction of seeding

sow one-half the seed in one direction and sow one-half at right angles to the first direction of seedin

An example of items commonly used as a focal point in the non-public are of the home landscape are: a. specimen plants, birdbaths, statuary, and fountains. b. large trees, the front door,concrete walls,and windows. c. tall single-trunk trees, walkways, and vegetable gardens. d. turf pads, tall plants, and hedges.

specimen plants, birdbaths, statuary, and fountains.

As general rule, when applying liquid pesticides: a. spray just until the solution begins to drip slightly from the leaves b. spray unti approximately 1/3 of the solution applied has dripped from the plant. c. apple two short blasts of spray to each area of the plant d. apple three short blasts of spray to each area of the plant

spray just until the solution begins to drip slightly from the leaves

The most commonly used propagation method for shrubs such as Japanese and Chinese hollies is: a. layering b. stem cutting c.cleft grafting d.root cutting

stem cutting

Plant clones may be produces in several ways, including: a. stem cuttings c. sexual propagation b. sexual and asexual reproduction d. seeds

stem cuttings

The metabolic rate of most seed would be expected to slow down significantly when: a. stored in a cool, dry place b. planted in moist soil c. stored in humid and warm conditions d. exposed to indirect sunlight

stored in a cool, dry place

The purpose of a primer bulb or choke on a 4-cycle engine is to: a. supply extra fuel for starting c. lubricate the fuel cell b. free the flywheel during maintenance d. prepare the engine for winterizing

supply extra fuel for starting

A ________ is a material added to a liquid spray solution to reduce surface tension between the liquid and the leaf surface. a. pheromone c. surfactant b. condensate d. flocculent

surfactant

If the architecture of the structure being landscaped is symmetrical, then a ___________ landscape would probably fit best. a. asymmetrical c. bilateral b. symmetrical d. vertical

symmetrical

Suppose a home, when viewed from the front, has the same architectural features on each side of the front door. A(n) _________ balanced landscape would fit this home best. a. symmetrically c. asymmetrically b. informally d. rhythmically

symmetrically

Plant _________ is the science of describing, identifying, categorizing, and naming plants. a. anatomy c. taxonomy b. delineation d. protocol

taxonomy

Plant hardiness zone maps are based on: a. temperature b. sunlight c. frost date d. elevation

temperature

An unthrifty potted plant that has dead roots at the bottom of the container but healthier roots near the top of the pot may indicate: a. that the pot has been overwatered for an extended period of time b. the drain holes in the pot are too large c. that the pot is too small for the plant d. under-fertilization over an extended period of time

that the pot has been overwatered for an extended period of time

A fertilizer with the analysis of 5-10-15 contains ____ % magnesium a. 5 c. 15 b. 10 c. 15 d. the % magnesium cannot be determined from the information given

the % magnesium cannot be determined from the information given

Which of these is a reason to recommend the selection of a grass seed blend of two or more grass species rather than the seed of a single species? a. the client has a combination of sunny and shady locations in the area to be planted b. the slight color contrast of different grass species adds interest to the landscape c.a blend of grass species helps reduce grass allergies d.grass blends are easier to irrigate and fertilize

the client has a combination of sunny and c. shady locations in the area to be planted

A biological control that could be used to control an insect might be : a. Captan with less than 25% active insectiside b. the insect's natural enemy such as a wasp. c.daconil with 25% Captan d. any of the cultural control methods

the insect's natural enemy such as a wasp.

Material safety data sheets (MSDS) are best obtained from: a. the USDA c. the manufactured of the product. b. wholesale nurseries. d. the State Department of Agriculture.

the manufactured of the product.

The depth seeds should be planted is determined mainly by: a. the size of the seeds b. the depth of the flat c.the viability of the seeds d.all the above

the size of the seeds

A common method of estimating potting soil moisture is to squeeze it in the palm of the hand. Which of the following best describes the proper moisture condition os soil for potting nursery crops? a. the soil appears very damp and drips water when squeezed lightly into a ball b. the soil forms a ball easily and drips a few droplets of water when squeezed c.the soil forms a ball when squeezed but does not drip water; the ball falls apart easily when pordded d.the soil will not form a ball when squeezed, does not drip water, and does not appear to be damp

the soil forms a ball when squeezed but does not drip water; the ball falls apart easily when pordded

Why do most instructions for constructing a compost pile include applying a thin layer of topsoil? a. to supply microorganisms b. to weigh down the layers of organic c. to assure consistency of the finished product d. to provide a crust layer to maintain heat

to supply microorganisms

An example of items commonly found in the service area of the home landscape include: a. birdbaths, statuary, and fountains b. specimen trees, fruiting shrubs, and fountains c. miniature putting greens, vegetable gardens, and sitting areas d. tool sheds, garbage cans, and storage

tool sheds, garbage cans, and storage

The configuration of the surface of the land, including hills, valleys, and flat areas, is referred to as: a. aesthetic declination b. surface declination c. topography d. permeability

topography

Which of these in a home compost pile serves as an inoculant by adding beneficial microorganisms to the compost pile? a. plant parts killed by disease c. leaves b. topsoil d. limbs

topsoil

A fuel/ oil mix ranging from 16:1 and 50:1, depending on the manufacturers' recommendation, is required in: a. two-cycle engines c. four-cycle engines b. three-cycle engines d. diesel engines

two-cycle engines

When using a riding lawn mower on slopes, it is safer to mow a. in a circular pattern on the sloper c. diagonally across the slope b. across the slope d. up and down the slope

up and down the slope

Which of these best defines simplicity in landscape beds? a. use several plant species; separate plants so they will not touch at maturity; use sharp-curved bed lines b. use not only a few plant types; use gently curving bed lines; mass like plants together c.use only two of each of six or more plant species; do not mass plants; do not put like plants together d.use many curves in the bed lines; use several species of plants; avoid massing plants together

use not only a few plant types; use gently curving bed lines; mass like plants together

A common choice for producing plants in poorly drained sites is to: a. use raised beds c. install drying tubes b. incorporate clay into the site d. establish moisture zones

use raised beds

Durint a recession, businesses often have to cut costs to stay in business as sales decline. If sales fall for a production nursery, which cost can be reduced most effectively in the short run to help preserve the business? a. overhead costs c.fixed assets b. variable costs d.property taxes

variable costs

Which of the following is NOT a term used in turf irrigation system installations? a. rain sensor c. pop-up sprinkler b. backflow prevention valve d. vertical valve

vertical valve

Which of these is the most difficult to control in an individual plant once the plant is infected? a. mildew c. fungi b. bacteria d. virus

virus

Which plant disease organism is the most difficult to control with chemicals once the plant is infected? a. bacteria b. fungus C.virus d. mildew

virus

To prevent destroying good soil structure, do not till the soil: a. when it is humid b. when it is very wet c. when the moon is full d. when the air temperature is below 30 F degrees or above 90 F degrees

when it is very wet

When possible, the best time to mow turf grasses is: a. when the grass is wet from dew, rain or irrigation. b. when the grass is dry. c. when the grass is 4-8 inches high. d. between 10am and 3pm.

when the grass is dry.

Common arrangements of leaves and stems on plants are described as: a. Intermediate, regimented, and irregular b. parallel, alternate, and regular c. opposite, alternative, adn regimented d. whorled, opposite, and alternate

whorled, opposite, and alternate

Which of the following is the most important factor in selecting foundation shrubs and other plants for the landscape? a. fall color c. fruit size b. winter hardiness d. price

winter hardiness

Cuttings of plants that are difficult to root are often ______ to increase the surface area for rooting and applying rooting hormone. a. scarified c. disbudded b. wounded d. girdled

wounded

The application of efficient, water-wise practices in the landscape to minimize water use is known as: a. zeroscaping c. microclimatizing b. xeriscaping d. arboriculture

xeriscaping

Plants that are very tolerant of dry conditions are called: a. conifers b. xerophytes c. monocotyledonous d. dicotyledonous

xerophytes

Iron deficiency in plants is exhibited by: a. yellowing between the leaf veins while the b. browning leaf margins c.pathogenic materials forming in the leaves veins remain green. d. leaves with a scorched appearance.

yellowing between the leaf veins while the veins remain green.