Nursing Sciences
How does a nurse play the role of a "change agent" in a community-based nursing practice?
By identifying and implementing new and more effective approaches to problems
How does a nurse incorporate the quality of accuracy into client documentation?
By using exact measurements for each client's activity
Which of the following statements about a case manager is correct?
"A case manager has the ability to establish an appropriate care plan based on the assessment of clients and families."
A nurse is recalling Piaget's theory of cognitive development. Which statement is a characteristic of the concrete operations stage?
"A child is able describe a process without actually doing it."
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development. Which information provided by the registered nurse regarding Postconventional Reasoning needs correction?
"In this level, emphasis is given on social rules and a community-centered approach."
How many rights of delegation are there in the nursing practice?
5
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. To which age group does Industry versus Inferiority apply?
6 to 11 years
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about Piaget's theory of cognitive development that includes four periods, which are related to age. Which age group corresponds with concrete operations?
7 to 11 years
How does a nurse adopt the element of right circumstances during a task delegation?
By considering the appropriate client setting, available resources, and other relevant factors
A nursing student understands that a nursing theory is a conceptualization of some aspect of nursing that describes, explains, predicts, or prescribes nursing care. Which points about theories made by the nursing student are accurate? Select all that apply.
A nursing theory helps to identify the focus, means, and goals of practice. Theories give a perspective to assess the situation of a client and to organize data and methods for analyzing and interpreting information. Application of nursing theory in practice depends on the knowledge of nursing and other theoretical models, how they relate to one another, and their use in designing nursing interventions.
A nursing student is taking down notes about paradigm. Which point noted down by the nursing student needs correction?
A paradigm is the perspective of a profession.
Which program is an example of a continuing education program?
A program on caring for the elderly with dementia offered by a university
What is a stressor?
A stressor is any stimuli that can produce tension and cause instability within the system.
What is the correct order of phases of the nursing process?
ADPIE
Which is used for determining the hours of care and staff required for a group of clients?
Acuity records
A child says, "My doll is tired after playing for a long time, and she is resting now." Which characteristic is the child demonstrating?
Animism
Which of these cultural groups adopts a combination of dietary, herbal, and other naturalistic therapies to prevent and treat illness?
Asian Indian
Which intervention by the nurse is an important aspect of client-centered care according to the survey conducted by the Picker Institute?
Asking the client if the family should be involved in his or her care
The nurse interviews a client about a current health problem. The nurse then obtains and documents the client's temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate. Which step of the nursing process is involved in this situation?
Assessment
A nurse questions the staff about a change in a client's plan of care. What does this demonstrate?
Authority
Which theory is based on the model of primacy of caring?
Benner and Wrubel's Theory
A hospital needs to hire a nursing staff for the intensive care of cancer clients. Which of these positions is most likely to be filled by the nurse?
Clinical nurse specialist
Which interview technique is the nurse using when asking a client to score the pain on a scale from 0 to 10?
Closed-ended questioning
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about the concepts that make up a theory. Which point noted by the nursing student needs correction?
Concepts consist of interrelated theories.
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about types of nursing theories. Which information provided by the registered nurse is accurate?
Descriptive theories describe, relate, and in some situations predict, nursing phenomena.
A registered nurse is educating a nursing student about descriptive theories. Which point stated by the nursing student needs correction?
Descriptive theories help direct specific nursing activities.
A nurse reviews a client's record to learn the nature of an illness and the client's response to it. What purpose of the client record is being fulfilled?
Education
Which level of Maslow's hierarchy of needs is fulfilled by the nurse fitting a client who nearly died of asphyxiation with an oxygen mask?
First level
Which factor is used to assess the quality of health care provided to a client?
Functional health status of the client after discharge
Which step in the research process is similar to the assessment step of the nursing process?
Identifying the problem
An injured client with an open wound is brought to the hospital. The doctor asks the nurse to administer a tetanus toxoid injection. Which standard of the nursing practice as defined by the American Nurses Association does the nurse follow?
Implementation
Which step in the nursing process would involve promoting a safe environment for the client?
Implementation
Which of these refers to the accountability element of the decision making process?
Individuals being answerable for their actions
The nurse provides seaweed soup as a first meal to a Korean client who just gave birth and requested a meal. Which nursing theory is the nurse following?
Leininger's theory
Which are the core roles for an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)? Select all that apply.
Nurse practitioner Clinical nurse specialist (CNS) Certified nurse midwife (CNM) Certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)
Which points about nursing care and nursing practice have been accurately stated? Select all that apply.
Nursing theories help to describe, explain, predict, and/or prescribe nursing care measures The scientific work used in developing theories expands the scientific knowledge of the profession. The expertise required to interpret clinical situations and make clinical judgments is the essence of nursing care and the basis for advancing nursing practice and nursing science.
Which group benefits from Medicare?
People who are 65 years or older
What is the primary focus of the nurse when providing evidence-based care to the client?
Problem-solving approach
A client going through an emotional disturbance often gets violent and tries to commit suicide. Which care system is best for the client?
Psychiatric facility
A nurse needs to record a client's data from admission until discharge. Which record will the nurse use?
Source record
A child is helping his or her peers complete an assignment in order to win a teacher's approval. In which stage of moral development does the child belong?
Stage 3
Which theory provides a basis for identifying and testing nursing care behaviors to determine if caring improves patient health outcomes?
Swanson's theory of caring
Which facility has enabled rural hospitals to have increased access to specialist consultations?
Telemedicine
Which statement is true of the middle childhood stage according to Kohlberg's development of moral reasoning? Select all that apply.
The child is in the conventional level. The child develops a good boy-nice girl orientation
A middle-aged client says, "I have been unsuccessful in raising my kids." Which stage should the nurse expect the client to have reached, according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
The client has reached the Generativity versus Self-Absorption and Stagnation stage
A client says, "I do not want to go back to school because I fear that everyone will laugh at me." Which level of need does the given scenario refer to according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
The given scenario relates to the third level that includes love and belonging needs.
What is the primary focus of nursing care in the "family as context" approach?
The health and development of an individual
Which characteristic indicates that nursing is a profession?
The nurse is required to follow a code of ethics
A nurse is in the process of conducting research. What action indicates that the nurse is designing the study?
The nurse prepares questionnaires and selects the treatment plans necessary for the study.
What is the duty of a nurse while caring for a client?
The nurse should determine the client's care preferences
A nurse needs to provide preventive and primary care to adults during a health camp. Which of these actions should the nurse perform? Select all that apply.
The nurse should discuss vaccinations. The nurse should discuss family planning The nurse should instruct the health camp about road safety measures.
A nursing student is recalling the Stage-Crisis Theory of Robert Havinghurst. Which step listed by the nursing student needs correction according to Havinghurst theory?
This theory includes four periods that are related to age and demonstrates specific categories of knowing and understanding.
What is the main focus of community health nursing?
To improve the quality of health in a population
What is the goal of nursing according to Watson's theory?
To promote health, restore the client to health, and prevent illness
What is the function of the Professional Standards Review Organizations (PSROs) set up by the federal government?
To review the quality, quantity, and cost of hospital care
Which developmental stage is considered the pre-conventional level according to Kohlberg's theory? Select all that apply.
Toddler Preschool
What is the primary purpose of evidence-informed nursing practice (EIP)?
Using results from research to improve the outcome of nursing care
A client in the final stage of cancer is very anxious about his or her disease. The client is showing aggressive behavior towards family members. The nurse comforts and offers compassion and empathy to the client and the family members. Which theory principle is the nurse following in this situation?
Watson's Theory
How many levels of critical thinking exist for nursing judgment?
3
Which statement is true about Betty Neuman's theory?
Betty Neuman's theory is based on stress and the client's reaction to the stressor
Which statement is true about Betty Neuman's theory?
Betty Neuman's theory is based on stress and the client's reaction to the stressor.
While conducting research on a novel anticoagulant, clients are randomly assigned to a control group and treatment groups. The experimental drug is given to the treatment group and the standard anticoagulant drug is given to the control group. The researchers measured the outcomes in both groups and concluded that the novel anticoagulant drug has a better outcome when compared to the standard drug. Which quantitative method does this belongs to?
Experimental research
While teaching a nursing student, a registered nurse says "This is a study in which the investigator controls the study variable and randomly assigns subjects to different conditions to test the variable." Which type of research is the above statement?
Experimental research
The nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from a stroke. The primary health care provider has referred the client for rehabilitative care. Which interventions by the nurse help to make a successful referral process? Select all that apply.
Explain the need for referral to the client and family Provide the referral with adequate client information Determine what the referral recommends for client care
What information is a nurse likely to find in the clinical implications section of an article?
Explanation regarding the method of applying findings in a practice setting
A nurse is going through a pilot research study that aims to identify the effectiveness of using an experimental therapeutic communication technique when dealing with aggressive clients. What type of research study is this?
Exploratory research
A nurse changing the dressing on the client's perineum would fall into which zone?
Intimate zone
The nurse uses evidence-based practice while providing nursing care to clients. What distinguishes research-based practice different from evidence-based practice?
It uses knowledge based only on research studies.
Which theory emphasizes the facilitation of the body's reparative processes by manipulating the client's environment?
Nightingale's theory
In which role does the nurse oversee the budget of a specific nursing unit or agency?
Nurse manager
Which of these is a part of health belief model?
Perception of susceptibility to an illness
A theory contains a set of components such as concepts, definitions, assumptions or propositions. What do these components help to explain?
Phenomenon
A nurse is collecting a client's medical information by talking to the family and caregivers of the client. Which phase of helping relationships is the nurse exercising?
Preinteraction phase
Which theory describes the phenomenon of grief or caring?
Prescriptive theories
What is true about prescriptive theory?
Prescriptive theory focuses on medication.
A nurse helps a client to clarify health problems and choose appropriate courses of action. What competency in community-based practice is the nurse exercising?
Counselor
According to Watson's theory, in which practice is the nurse least likely to engage?
Curing the disease before engaging in care of the client
Which age is considered the phallic stage according to Sigmund Freud's developmental theory?
3 to 6 years old
A nursing instructor asks a student to describe Betty Neuman's theory. Which statement by the student indicates the need for further education?
"Betty Neuman's theory outlines that the external environmental factors act as stressor."
The community health care nurse uses emails to remind the community about vaccines and regular diabetic checkups. Which Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency does the nurse address?
Informatics
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about systems theories with a specific reference to Neuman's systems theory. Which statements made by the nursing student post teaching are accurate? Select all that apply.
"Factors that change the environment also affect an open system." "The components are interrelated and share a common purpose to form a whole." "An open system interacts with the environment, with an exchange of information between the system and the environment."
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about Piaget's theory of cognitive development. What information should the nurse provide about the sensorimotor period? Select all that apply.
"In this stage, the child learns that he or she is separate from his or her parents or favorite toy." "In this stage, the child develops a schema or action pattern for dealing with his or her environment." "In this stage, the child learns about himself or herself and the environment through motor and reflex actions."
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about Nightingale's theory, which is an initial model for nursing. Which statements of a nursing student indicate an understanding of the theory? Select all that apply.
"Nightingale's theory deals with visionary principles that include areas of practice, research, and education." "Nightingale's theory deals with descriptive theories that provides nurses with a way to think about clients and their environment." "Nightingale's theory focuses on the fact that nursing is caring through the environment and helping the client deal with symptoms related to illness."
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Which statement made by the nursing student needs correction?
"The fourth level contains love and belonging needs, including friendship, social relationships, and sexual love."
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about Peplau's theory, which focuses on interpersonal relations. Which statements of the nursing student indicate an understanding of the theory? Select all that apply.
"This theory creates a maturing force." "This theory involves the nurse acting as a resource and surrogate." "This theory includes three phases that characterize the interpersonal relationship."
According to Erikson's theory, at which age would a child develop self-control and independence?
18 months to 3 years old
A parent observes that the child is dressing on his or her own and is self-feeding. Which stage of life does the child belong to according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
Autonomy verses sense of shame and doubt
A nurse assisting in a research study calculates the risk-benefit ratio and concludes that there were no harmful effects associated with a survey of diabetic clients. This researcher was applying which principle?
Beneficence
The nurse explains a certain procedure to a client. The client seems shy, so the nurse encourages the client to ask questions. What is the correct term for this example of critical thinking by the nurse?
Confidence
A client is in a state of ambivalence. Which of these stages of health behavior will the nurse suspect?
Contemplation
With reference to the nursing process as a system, what is content?
Content is the product and information obtained from the system.
Which statement accurately describes correlational research?
Correlational research explores the relationships among variables of interest without any active intervention by the researcher.
Which degree does The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) recommend as terminal practice degree for all advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs)?
Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP)
Which domain of the Nursing Interventions Classification taxonomy includes care that supports homeostatic regulation?
Domain 2
Which domain of the nursing intervention phase includes electrolyte and acid-base management?
Domain 2
The nurse is caring for a client who requires an intravenous infusion. The nurse explains the reason for the procedure while assembling the kit for the infusion. What is the role of the nurse in this situation?
Educator
A nurse is analyzing and explaining the demographics of a population under research. What phase of the nursing process is the nurse exercising?
Evaluation phase
Which of these programs is least likely to focus on medication delivery process modification?
Experimental research
A nurse is assigned to change a central line dressing. The agency policy is to clean the site with povidone-iodine and then cleanse with alcohol. The nurse recently attended a conference that presented information that alcohol should precede povidone-iodine in a dressing change. In addition, an article in a nursing journal stated that a new product was a more effective antibacterial than alcohol and povidone-iodine. The nurse has a sample of the new product. How should the nurse proceed?
Follow the agency's policy unless it is contradicted by a primary healthcare provider's prescription.
The school nurse conducts a class in nutrition planning for parents. What is the goal of school health nursing programs?
Health promotion
Which statement about Henderson's theory of nursing care is correct?
Henderson organized the theory into 14 basic needs of the whole person and includes phenomena from the following domains of the client: physiological, psychological, sociocultural, spiritual, and developmental.
Which healthcare system focuses solely on palliative care?
Hospice
According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, individuals need to accomplish a particular task before effectively grasping this stage and progressing to the next one. What does the Initiative versus Guilt stage include? Select all that apply.
In this stage, an individual pretends and tries out new roles In this stage, an individual may develop a superego or a conscience. In this stage, an individual fantasizes and imagines discovering the environment.
A nurse is advising a parent to teach the child impulse control and cooperative behaviors to avoid the risks of altered growth and development. In which stage does the nurse teach the parent about this, according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
Initiative versus Guilt
A nurse is advising a parent to teach the child impulse control and cooperative behaviors to avoid the risks of altered growth and development. In which stage does the nurse teach the parent about this, according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
Initiative versus Guilt !!!
A client requiring long-term ventilator management is discharged from the health care facility. Which health care setting should this client be referred to?
Intermediate care
A nurse finds that there is an inaccurate match between clinical cues and the nursing diagnosis. What is the category of the diagnostic error?
Interpreting
Which opposing conflict does a young adult face according to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?
Intimacy versus Isolation
What is exploratory research?
It is a study designed to develop a hypothesis about the relationships among phenomena.
Which theorist suggested that the goal of nursing is to use communication to help clients reestablish a positive adaptations to their environments?
King
A nurse has made a nursing diagnosis without validating the data obtained from the client. Into what category does this error fall?
Labeling
The healthcare team of a hospital postpones a discussion regarding the discharge of a young Hispanic client because the client's culture strongly believes that older family members and other relatives should be consulted on important health-related matters. Which nursing theory does the healthcare team abide by?
Leininger's theory
A nurse working in a postoperative ward assists an older client in getting to the washroom in order to prevent the client from falling. Which level of need did the nurse prioritize in the client according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
Level 2
A hospital management group selects subjects for a study in order to test the effect of cardiopulmonary exercise on obesity. A nurse collects the data, including the clients' age, gender, ethnicity, and health problems, and anticipates the interrelation from the data. Which element of the evidence-based study includes this information?
Manuscript narrative
A 70-year-old client needs to undergo heart surgery but cannot afford it. The client seeks the assistance of a nurse. Which is the preferred program that the nurse may suggest?
Medicare
A nursing student notes the characteristics of middle-range theories. Which points noted by the nursing student are accurate? Select all that apply.
Middle-range theories provide a basis to help nurses understand how clients cope with uncertainty and the illness response. Middle-range theories include Mishel's theory of uncertainty in illness, which focuses on a client's experiences with cancer while living with continual uncertainty. Middle-range theories tend to focus on a specific field of nursing (such as uncertainty, incontinence, social support, quality of life, and caring) rather than reflect on a wide variety of nursing care situations.
While teaching a diabetic client about self-care management, the nurse asks the client to inspect his or her feet daily and to wear well-fitted shoes to prevent foot ulcers. Which nursing theory is applicable in this situation?
Orem's theory
A nurse notices that a child is playing with a doll and is practicing hygiene by brushing its hair and teeth. In which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development should the nurse expect this child to be considered?
Preoperational stage
Which theory details nursing interventions for a specific phenomenon and the expected outcome of care?
Prescriptive theories
Which points have been correctly stated regarding prescriptive theories? Select all that apply.
Prescriptive theories address nursing interventions for a phenomenon. Prescriptive theories guide nursing research to develop and test specific nursing interventions. Prescriptive theories describe the conditions under which the prescription occurs.
Which points have been correctly stated regarding prescriptive theories? Select all that apply.
Prescriptive theories address nursing interventions for a phenomenon. Prescriptive theories describe the conditions under which the prescription occurs. Prescriptive theories guide nursing research to develop and test specific nursing interventions.
Which statement is true about prescriptive theories?
Prescriptive theories are action-oriented.
Which of these is true about SOAP progress note method?
SOAP progress note includes assessment information.
The home health care nurse discards outdated and leftover medications from previous prescriptions at the home of an elderly client. Which Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN) competency does this intervention involve?
Safety
Which basic human needs belongs to the fourth level as per Maslow's hierarchy of needs? Select all that apply.
Self-worth & Achievement
A nursing student is trying to understand the elements of an article. What are the characteristics of the abstract section of an article? Select all that apply.
The abstract section summarizes the purpose of the article. The abstract section mentions the major themes and implications for nursing practice. The abstract section is a brief summary that informs the reader whether the article is research or clinically based.
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student regarding Erikson's theory of psychosocial development. Arrange in order in which the Erikson's eight stages of life are categorized.
Trust versus Mistrust (birth to 1 year old) Autonomy versus Sense of Shame and Doubt (1 to 3 years old) Initiative versus Guilt (3 to 6 years old) Industry versus Inferiority (6 to 11 years old) Identity versus Role Confusion(the puberty stage) Intimacy versus Isolation (young adult stage) Generativity versus Self-Absorption and Stagnation(middle age) Integrity versus Despair (old age).
Which order should be followed in a research process for conducting the study?
obtain necessary approvals, such as approval from the institutional review board recruiting subjects for the study a pilot study should be performed to improve the study design prior to the performance of a full-scale study the methodology should be assessed continuously.