NUTR 1030 chp 10

अब Quizwiz के साथ अपने होमवर्क और परीक्षाओं को एस करें!

Group of chronic disease is characterized by cells that have undergone damage is

cancer

Alcohol is considered to be a ___ A cancer-causing agent

carcinogen

When considering the role of diet and colon cancer, red meat includes all of the following except

chicken

pantothenic acid is a component of ___ ____

coenzyme A

a ___ promotes production of free radicals

prooxidant

Treatment of pernicious anemia usually consists of

regular B-12 injections

___ Is a component of two coenzymes that play key roles in energy metabolism, yogurt and other milk products are some of the best sources of this vitamin

riboflavin

vitamin C absorption occurs in the

small intestine

Anacephaly and _____ _____ The car if a woman's diet is low in folate

spina bifida

A disease has metastasized when cancer

spreads

Vitamin B 12 absorbs more readily in its ___ Form because the vitamin is not attached to an animal protein

synthetic

Most cases of a vitamin ____ Deficiency result from problems associated with intestinal absorption, not from inadequate intakes

B-12

People who eat little or no animal products may have a deficiency of

B-12

Megaloblastic anemia can result from a deficiency of which vitamins?

B-12, folate

The nutrients that, working together, may lower the risk of stroke, depression and dementia are

B-6, B-12, folate

Spina bifida occurs when

Embryos spine does not form properly and the bones not enclose the spinal cord

The recommendation that women of childbearing age should consume sufficient folic acid before conception and in early pregnancy is because

- The neural tube forms about 21 days after conception - Many women are not even aware they are pregnant until after the development of the neural tube

Why does vitamin C enhance the absorption of nonheme iron?

- Vitamin C forms a complex with iron enhancing the body's ability to absorb the mineral - Vitamin C donates an electron to nonheme iron making it more absorbable

What are some good food sources of folate?

- asparagus - leafy vegetables - liver

Compounds in fruits and vegetables that may help prevent cancer include

- carotenoids - vitamin C - phytochemicals

Which of the following are signs of Warnicke-Korsakoff syndrome?

- distorted thought processes - abnormal eye movements - staggering gait

Biotin's roles in the body include

- glucose synthesis - fatty acid synthesis - amino acid breakdown

Healthy diet designed to reduce cancer risk would include

- increasing your intake of whole grains - Limiting consumption of red meat - Increasing your intake of fruits

Decrease the risk for cancer, one can

- limit intake of alcohol - limit intake of red meat - limit intake of fried meats

Who is at greatest risk for vitamin C deficiency?

- smokers - people who do not eat fruits and vegetables - alcoholics

What are some food sources of riboflavin?

- spinach - milk - yogurt

the water-soluble vitamins include

- the B vitamins - vitamin C

Characteristics of pernicious anemia include

- vitamin B-12 deficiency - megaloblastic red blood cells - nerve damage

Rank the steps involved in cancer development and progression beginning with a healthy, specialized cell

1. Genes that control cell division in a healthy specialized cell is damaged by a carcinogen 2. With repeated damage one abnormal cell divides uncontrollably 3. Malignant cells become a tumor 4. Invasive cells multiplies tumor grows and interferes with normal tissue functioning 5. Malignant cells enter circulatory or lymphatic system and form new tumors in other parts of the body 6. Tumor stimulates development of its own blood supply

rank and order the sequence of events in the digestion and absorption of vitamin B 12

1. hydrochloric acid separates B12 from animal proteins 2. The stomach secretes intrinsic factor 3. B12 binds to intrinsic factor 4. the IF/B-12 complex enters the cells and the complex breaks apart 5. B-12 Binds to a carrier molecule for transport in the blood

choose the first and final step in cancer development and progression

1st- an inherited tendency triggers damage to the genes in a cell that control cell division final- tumor stimulates development of its own blood supply

The thiamine deficiency disease ____ Is characterized by weakness, poor muscular coordination, and decreased functioning of the cardiovascular and nervous systems

beriberi

Niacin participates in which of the following?

energy metabolism

Thiamin does not reach toxic levels in the blood because

excess vitamin can be excreted in the urine

T/F: Pantothenic acid is so rare in our foods that nutritional deficiencies are common

false

T/F: The absorption of vitamins 12 occurs more readily when vitamin 12 is in its natural form versus the synthetic form of the micro nutrient

false

the ____-soluble vitamins are not easily excreted from the body, however, the kidney can filter excess ____-soluble vitamins so they are eliminated in the urine

fat; water

Which vitamin cannot be used when vitamin B 12 is unavailable?

folate

Neural tube defect's in newborns has declined by about 30% since foods have been enriched with

folic acid

Taking supplements of ____ may mask a deficiency of B12

folic acid

The synthetic form of folate is called

folic acid

What is the name of the protein in RBCs that transports oxygen?

hemoglobin

vitamin C can ___ the absorption of nonheme iron

increase

Pernicious anemia is a condition caused by the

lack of intrinsic factor

____ helps hold the watery and fatty ingredients together in a product

lecithin

An organ meat that is high in biotin is

liver

The risk of a vitamin B 12 deficiency is

low

The recommendation made by the US public health service recommends that all women are capable of becoming pregnant consume 400 µg of folic acid daily to help prevent

neural tube defects

Pork, legumes, enriched grains and brewers yeast are all good sources of which vitamin?

thiamin

A liquid mixture that provides nourishment to those who are unable to eat normally is called a

total parenteral solution

Folate, vitamin B-12, and vitamin C are all examples of ____-soluble vitamins

water


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