Nutrition basics
Metabolism is:
The total of all chemical processes that occur in living cells, including chemical reactions involved in generating energy, making proteins, and eliminating waste products
Phytochemicals
A non nutrient made by plants
cohort study
A study where epidemiologists collect and analyze various kinds of information about a large group of people over time
Case-control study
A study where: Factors are identified that may be responsible for the dresses Individuals with a disease are matched to a person with similar characteristics who does not have the disease
Treatment group
Fed a certain amount of a chemical daily for 52 weeks
diet
Your usual pattern of food choices
The 6 classes of nutrients are:
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
Nutrients
life-sustaining substances in food
Double-blind studies
neither the participants nor the researchers know who has been assigned to which condition
Dietary supplement
product that contains a vitamin, a mineral, an herb or other plant product, an amino acid, or a dietary substance that supplements the diet
Anecdotes
reports of personal experiences
Epidemiology
study of the occurrence, distribution, and spread of disease in humans
Control group
In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment.
Carbohydrates major function
Source of energy
Nutraceuticals
Another term for dietary supplements
Observational epidemiological
Blank research includes Cohort studies and case-control studies
Observational epidemiological research includes
Case-control studies Cohort studies
Water main function
Maintenance of fluid balance •regulation of body temp •elimination of wastes •transportation of substances •participant in many chemical reactions
Essential nutrients
Must be supplied by food because the body doesn't synthesize the nutrient of make enough to meet its needs
Deficiency disease
Occurs if a nutrient is missing from the diet
Minerals major function
•Regulation of body processes •Formation of certain chemical messengers •Structural and functional components of various substances and tissues •Physical growth
Lipids major functions
•Source of energy storage •Cellular development, physical growth •Regulation of body processes (certain chemical messengers) •absorption of certain vitamins
Proteins major functions
•production of structural components •cellular development, growth and maintenance •regulation of body processes •transportation of many nutrients •immune function and fluid balance •source of energy
vitamins major functions
•regulation of body processes •maintenance of immune function, production and maintenance of tissues, protects against agents that can damage cellular components
Epidemiologists use data from NHANES to determine the:
•risk factors for major diseases •national standards for heigh, weight, and blood pressure •prevalence of major diseases