Nutrition Chapter 1
If a person consumes more calories than he/she expends they will _____ weight.
Gain
What is a Kilocalorie?
A unit describing the energy content of food
Choose the statements about alcohol that are true.
Alcohol provides energy. Pure alcohol furnishes about 7 kcal/gram. Alcohol is not a nutrient.
is a unit of heat energy needed to raise one liter of water one degree Celsius.
Calorie
Expending more calories than consumed will result in a weight gain
False
True or false: Vitamins provide usable calories for the body.
False
Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?
Minerals Vitamins
Most foods contain a mixture of
Protein, Fat, Carbohydrate Most naturally occurring foods, however, are mixtures of nutrients
Overweight or obese Americans are an example of _________.
malnutrition overnutrition
A state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is termed
malnutrition or malnourished
Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called _____.
medical nutrition therapies
Dietary moderation can be achieved by______.
obtaining nutrients from the food one eats consuming food in reasonable amounts
It is difficult to keep up with new information on nutrition science, often confusing the public, because______.
recommendations undergo revisions when new evidence is revealed we expect medical experts to have definitive answers that do not change what we learn is constantly evolving
What is produced when a wheat kernel is stripped of its nutrient-rich germ and bran?
white flour
A food that is energy dense but provides some nutrition
Nuts
Identify the objectives that are set by Healthy People 2030 for Nutrition and Weight Status.
Reduce the proportion of obese children and adolescents Increase the variety and intake of vegetables among people who are 2 years of age and older Increase the proportion of adults who have a healthy weight
Some Major classes of nutrients?
Water Lipids Carbohydrates
An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in _____.
body fat increases
Choose the chronic diseases in which dietary factors contribute to the disease's development.
cancer stroke kidney disease Alzheimer's disease
Six classes of nutrients
carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water
If a vitamin, amino acid, herb, or mineral is sold, it is considered a
dietary supplement
Medical nutrition therapies are______.
diets prescribed by physicians for chronic health conditions
Poor eating habits contribute to the development of _____.
excess body fat some types of cancer heart disease type 2 diabetes
By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.
forestall the development of certain diseases lessen the severity of a disease
To achieve nutritional adequacy one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups.
fruits and vegetables whole grains
The amount of a nutrient that allows the body to function optimally is called the
physiological dose
In 2016, the National Academy of Sciences reported ______.
that there is no scientific evidence that indicates genetically engineered crops are unsafe for humans or harmful to the environment
What are the leading causes of death that are linked to poor eating habits?
type 2 diabetes heart disease some types of cancer stroke
How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?
7
What is the kilocalorie content of a food that provides 7 grams fat, 4 grams carbohydrate, and 3 grams protein?
91 kcal, Reason: (7 grams fat X 9 kcal per gram) + (4 grams carbohydrate X 4 kcal per gram) + (3 grams protein X 4 kcal per gram) = 91 kcal
Increasing the number of adults who are at a healthy weight, reducing the number of children who are obese, and increasing the calcium intake for people who are 2 years of age or older are all objectives of______.
Healthy People 2030