Nutrition Chapter 1

If a person consumes more calories than he/she expends they will _____ weight.

Gain

What is a Kilocalorie?

A unit describing the energy content of food

Choose the statements about alcohol that are true.

Alcohol provides energy. Pure alcohol furnishes about 7 kcal/gram. Alcohol is not a nutrient.

is a unit of heat energy needed to raise one liter of water one degree Celsius.

Calorie

Expending more calories than consumed will result in a weight gain

False

True or false: Vitamins provide usable calories for the body.

False

Which two nutrients provide no usable calories for the body?

Minerals Vitamins

Most foods contain a mixture of

Protein, Fat, Carbohydrate Most naturally occurring foods, however, are mixtures of nutrients

Overweight or obese Americans are an example of _________.

malnutrition overnutrition

A state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished is termed

malnutrition or malnourished

Special diets prescribed for people with chronic health conditions are called _____.

medical nutrition therapies

Dietary moderation can be achieved by______.

obtaining nutrients from the food one eats consuming food in reasonable amounts

It is difficult to keep up with new information on nutrition science, often confusing the public, because______.

recommendations undergo revisions when new evidence is revealed we expect medical experts to have definitive answers that do not change what we learn is constantly evolving

What is produced when a wheat kernel is stripped of its nutrient-rich germ and bran?

white flour

A food that is energy dense but provides some nutrition

Nuts

Identify the objectives that are set by Healthy People 2030 for Nutrition and Weight Status.

Reduce the proportion of obese children and adolescents Increase the variety and intake of vegetables among people who are 2 years of age and older Increase the proportion of adults who have a healthy weight

Some Major classes of nutrients?

Water Lipids Carbohydrates

An energy intake greater than energy expenditure results in _____.

body fat increases

Choose the chronic diseases in which dietary factors contribute to the disease's development.

cancer stroke kidney disease Alzheimer's disease

Six classes of nutrients

carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, water

If a vitamin, amino acid, herb, or mineral is sold, it is considered a

dietary supplement

Medical nutrition therapies are______.

diets prescribed by physicians for chronic health conditions

Poor eating habits contribute to the development of _____.

excess body fat some types of cancer heart disease type 2 diabetes

By making certain dietary changes (such as decreasing fat intake), a person may _____.

forestall the development of certain diseases lessen the severity of a disease

To achieve nutritional adequacy one should consume a variety of foods from the following food groups.

fruits and vegetables whole grains

The amount of a nutrient that allows the body to function optimally is called the

physiological dose

In 2016, the National Academy of Sciences reported ______.

that there is no scientific evidence that indicates genetically engineered crops are unsafe for humans or harmful to the environment

What are the leading causes of death that are linked to poor eating habits?

type 2 diabetes heart disease some types of cancer stroke

How many kilocalories are in one gram of alcohol?

7

What is the kilocalorie content of a food that provides 7 grams fat, 4 grams carbohydrate, and 3 grams protein?

91 kcal, Reason: (7 grams fat X 9 kcal per gram) + (4 grams carbohydrate X 4 kcal per gram) + (3 grams protein X 4 kcal per gram) = 91 kcal

Increasing the number of adults who are at a healthy weight, reducing the number of children who are obese, and increasing the calcium intake for people who are 2 years of age or older are all objectives of______.

Healthy People 2030