Nutrition Chapter 11

What are some things that are associated with loss of bone mass in women?

-Alcohol consumption -High sodium intake -Smoking

Functions of calcium:

-Muscle contraction -Blood pressure regulation -Neurotransmitter release

The recommended intake of calcium for adults is __________ mgs/day.

1000-1200

Which group contains the highest proportion of individuals who do not meet their calcium requirement?

girls 9-17

The consumption of soda:

has led to a decrease in the consumption of milk.

Calcium absorption is highest in:

infancy

The processing of grains causes the loss of:

magnesium, selenium and zinc.

Which food group provides the largest variety of mineral?

meats and beans

-They can be toxic. -Supplements of one mineral can decrease the bioavailability of other minerals. -Can help individuals meet their dietary needs.

mineral supplements

Significant loss of bone mass and increased risk of fractures associated with aging is termed:

osteoporosis

What is NOT likely to result from prolonged low calcium intake?

problems with cell signaling and regulation

In the body, sulfur plays an important part in the structure of:

some amino acids and vitamins.

The absorption of some minerals is regulated by:

transport proteins

What groups could benefit from calcium supplements if needs are not met by diet?

-Young people who have not yet achieved peak bone mass. -Post-menopausal women. -Individuals with decreased bone density.

When blood calcium is low, parathyroid hormone raises levels by:

-activating vitamin D. -reducing calcium excretion by the kidney. -stimulating calcium release from bone.

Magnesium's major functions in the body include:

-being a cofactor for many enzymes. -stabilizing ATP. -maintenance of bones.

Good sources of magnesium include:

-leafy green vegetables. -nuts. -whole grains.

The RDA for phosphorus is ______ mg/d for adults

700

Phosphorus is essential for energy production since it is part of:

ATP

What is not a good source of calcium?

Carrots

What is some good sources of phosphorus?

Dairy, Whole grains, and Nuts

Infants get adequate calcium from:

breast milk.

The most significant dietary factor contributing to osteoporosis is:

calcium

Peak bone mass in women is typically achieved in:

early adulthood