Nutrition - Chapter 2 Book Questions

What information must you have in order to calculate the amount of a nutrient consumed?

-% Daily Value -Serving Size

A structure function claim describes

-How a nutrient affects body function -How a nutrient affects body structure

When must the % DV for protein be reported on the food label?

-If the food is for infants and children under 4 -If the food makes a claim about protein content

Which four groups have Daily Values been set?

-People over 4 years of age -Pregnant or lactating women -Infants -Toddlers

Which of the following foods are nutrient dense? Select all that apply

-fat free milk (15% of nutrients; 4% of calories) -breakfast cereal (19% of nutrients; 6% of calories)

What are some changes being made to restaurant menus in order to provide increased consumer awareness?

-many restaurants post calorie information for their menu items -restaurants must provide nutrition information, upon request

DRIs do not apply to which of the following groups?

-people with diseases that require higher intakes -people with health conditions that require higher intakes -undernourished individuals

Which of the following statements are examples of nutrient content claims?

-rich in vitamin A -Low in fat -Zero calories

What are some examples of very low and low energy density foods?

-salsa -oatmeal -plain baked potato -lettuce

To help consumers make healthy food choices, the food industry has condensed nutrition labels into symbols such as

-stars -traffic lights -check marks

For optimal health, people should aim to keep their intake of which nutrients below 100% DV?

-total fat -saturated fat -sodium -cholesterol

Protein

10% of calories

Which of these qualities represent a nutrient dense food?

18% of nutrients; 5% of calories

On Nutrition Facts labels, the % Daily Value is usually calculated based on a ___________ calorie diet.

2000

Fat

35%

Carbohydrates

60%

If the EAR for vitamin C is 75 mg for men, what would the RDA be?

90 mg (75 x 1.2 = 90)

The Adequate Intakes should cover the needs of more than ______ % of the individuals in a specific life-stage group.

97-98

Which nutrients should people strive to reach 100% DV?

Calcium, vitamin D, fiber, iron

For which nutrients are the DRVs set?

Carbohydrates, Fats, Sodium, Protein

What are the Estimated Average Requirements?

Daily nutrient intake amounts that are estimated to meet the needs of half of the people in a certain life stage.

A person's risk for developing a nutrient deficiency increases when their RDA for a nutrient regularly drops below the

EAR

A person who wants to do work towards optimal nutritional health should do what?

Eat a balanced diet, consume a variety of foods, and stay physically active

An RDA can only be set for nutrients that have an

Estimated Average Requirement

What are some nutrients that have AIs?

Fluoride, essential fatty acids, fiber

Only food products that meet the following requirements can bear a _________ claim: -The food must be a good source of fiber, protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, or iron. -A single serving of the food cannot contain more than a 13g of fat, 4g of saturated fat, 60mg of cholesterol, or 480mg of sodium. -The product must meet criteria specific to the claim being made.

Health

claims describe a relationship between a disease and a nutrient, food, or food constituent.

Health

A __________ content claim describes the amount of nutrients in a food

Nutrient

The daily nutrient intake amounts sufficient to meet the needs of nearly all individuals in a life stage is called

Recommended Dietary Allowances

Which formula can be used to determine the total amount of calories or a nutrient in more than one serving?

The value on label x the # of servings

Which statements about serving sizes are true?

They are consistent among similar foods

Which statement about DRIs is true?

They only apple to healthy people

"A diet low in fat and rich in fiber-containing grain products, fruits, and vegetables may reduce risk of some cancers."

This is an example of a health claim

Which of the following is used to evaluate highest amount of daily nutrient intake that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects?

UL

What does a food label need to indicate on foods like meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, peanuts, pecans, and ginseng that does not need to be on other types of food labels?

country of origin

The latest recommendations from the Food and Nutrition Board are called ______________, _______________, ____________, and they include 5 sets of standards.

dietary, reference, intakes

Foods can have health claims based on incomplete evidence if the label contains a (an)

disclaimer

The FDA _________ structure/function claims

does not approve or authorize

Foods, like cookies and chops, that are not nutrient dense are often called _____________ calorie foods because they tend to be high in sugar and/or fat but provide few other nutrients

empty

For which nutrients are the DRVs set?

fats, sodium, protein, carbohydrates

The product's name, the address of the manufacturer, the amount of product in the package, and a Nutrition Facts panel should all be included on a product's food

label

_________ energy density foods contribute to a quicker feeling of fullness, while ____________ energy density foods need to be eaten in alrger amounts to feel full

low, high

A ___________ content claim describes the amount of nutrients in a food.

nutrient

What type of database makes it possible to estimate the amount of calories in many foods, see how closely intake matches RDA and DV, and can be used to determines the nutrient and energy density of foods?

nutrient databases

RDIs are set for

vtiamins and minerals

What recommendations were established for guidance on carbohydrate, protein, and fat levels to help reduce the risk of nutrient-related chronic diseases?

(AMDR) Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges

What is the term for a claim that describes the relationship between a disease and a nutrient, food, or food constituent?

health claim

Saturated Fat

10%

For each macronutrient, the ________________ provide a range of intake, as a percent of energy, associated with good health and a reduced risk of chronic diseases while providing for recommended intakes of essential nutrients. (Spell out the answer)

Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (ADMRs)

What is the term for the daily intake amounts set for nutrients for which there are insufficient research data to establish an EAR?

Adequate Intakes

__________________ __________________ are daily intake amounts set for nutrients for which there are insufficient research data to establish an EAR. (Do not use an abbreviation, spell out the answer)

Adequate, Intakes

What is the generic nutrient standard set for energy-producing nutrients?

Daily reference values

Name of the tool that supports overall health by providing guidance on the quantities of nutrients that are most likely to result in optimal health

Dietary Reference Intakes

___________ Upper Intake __________, or Upper Levels, are the maximum daily intake amounts of nutrients that are not likely to cause adverse health effects in almost all individuals in a life stage group.

Tolerable, Levels

Select the components that must be listed on most Nutrition Facts starting in 2018

Total fat, protein, fiber, total calories

Intakes __________ than the Upper Level can cause adverse health issues like diarrhea and inflammation of the stomach lining.

greater