Nutrition Chapter 5
According to the Food and Nutrition Board, carbohydrates should provide ___ to _____ of total calories in the diet
45 to 65
According to the ADA, people with diabetes should try to maintain HbA1c levels below __%
7
Which alternative sweetener contains the amino acids phenylalanine and aspartic acid?
aspartame
There is "convincing" evidence that dietary fiber will reduce the risk of __________ cancer.
colorectal
___________ carbohydrates have 3 or more monosaccharides bonded together
complex
Simple carbohydrates include ____________, which contain only one sugar unit, and __________ which contain 2 sugar units bonded together.
monosaccharides, disacchirades
What is the condition that can result in the removal of too much glucose from the bloodstream by the cells?
hyperinsulinemia
What are included in the classification of carbohydrates?
Complex carbs, Simple carbs
____________ _____________ is a serious chronic disease characterized by abnormal glucose, fat, and protein metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus
Which of the following can be converted into glucose?
amino acids
Starch is composed of:
amylopectin, amylose
Ketosis is the condition of having a high concentration of ketone bodies in the _____________.
bloodstream
__________ are a major source of energy for cells
carbohydrates
Why is high-fructose corn syrup such a commonly used food additive?
corn is readily available in the United States, fructose is sweeter than glucose
insulin function:
decreases blood glucose
Glycogen is comprised of many _________ units bonded together.
glucose
What is the major monosaccharide in the body?
glucose
___________ is also known as dextrose or blood sugar
glucose
Which two monosaccharides are components of the milk sugar lactose?
glucose and galactose
glucagon function
increases blood glucose
Type 2 diabetes is linked to __________
insulin resistance
What is true about a monosaccharide?
it is a chemical unit of carbohydrates, and it is the simplest type of sugar
Hypoglycemia may be diagnosed when the blood glucose level is _______.
less than 70 mg/dL
Fructose is aka
levolose
Where is glycogen stored in the body?
liver
Glucose is stored in the form of glycogen in the ______ and the __________
liver, muscles
What are some natural food sources of sucrose?
maple syrup, carrots
In which part of the GI tract does absorption of carbohydrates begin?
small intestine
____________ dietary fiber usually forms a semisolid mass in the intestinal tract that is quickly fermented by bacteria
soluble
Complex carbohydrates are also known as
starch
The amount of carbs to prevent ketosis is
130 g/day