Nutrition chapter 7 sb questions

Rank the categories of energy use from highest to lowest.

1 - Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) 2 - Physical Activity 3 - Thermogenesis

There are approximately 3500 kcal in ____ of fat tissue

1 pound

Choose examples of healthy social support that can make weight management easier.

A RDN reminding you to record your food intake Friends praising you for you accomplishment Joining a group with similar weight loss goals

Which of the following factors are used to calculate estimated energy requirements for adults with the Food and Nutrition Board's formula?

Age Height Weight

____ is the over-the-counter version of orlistat, a weight-loss medication that blocks the digestion of fat in the small intestine

Alli

A method that measures the amount of heat released by a person, usually in an insulated metabolic chamber surrounded by water is called _____

direct calorimetry

Which of the following components of total energy expenditure is most easily altered to achieve weight management goals?

energy for physical activity

The energy input that is part of the energy balance equation includes calories from ______.

food intake

The dietary approach that has been most successful in long-term studies is the primarily plant-based, _____ approach

high fiber

Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) is _____ basal metabolic rate (BMR).

higher than

The set-point theory of weight maintenance proposes that

humans have a genetically predetermined body fat content. the body closely regulates the body weight and body fat content. humans have a genetically predetermined body weight.

For bioelectrical impedance to be accurate, ______ must be adequate in the person being accessed.

hydration

As lean muscle mass increases as a result of physical activity, metabolic rate

increases

Which activity will increase the metabolism the most?

increasing muscle mass through strength training

A 150-pound person with 30% body fat will weigh _____ hydrostatically (i.e., in the water) compared to a 150-pound person with 20% body fat.

less

Treatment for overweight and obesity should involve healthy, active living with acceptable diet modifications that will promote weight ___ and later weight ______

loss; maintenance

Which factor decreases basal metabolism?

low calorie intake

The bomb calorimeter works by ______

measuring the heat given off by a food as it is burned

Novelty diets that exclude a food group or include only one or two foods are based on _____.

no scientific merit

Mindful eating involves _____.

recognizing physical hunger and satiety cues awareness of food preparation making wise eating decisions

Foods that are high in fiber and water promote

satiety

The theory that says weight is maintained through internal regulatory controls making it difficult to lose weight is called the ______

set point theory

Drew walks past the vending machine on his way to his office. Often he is tempted to grab a snack when passing by. If Drew purposely enters his work place by a different entrance so he does not walk by the vending machines, he is applying the ______ concept of behavior modification.

stimulus control

Other considerations for bariatric surgery in addition to patient selection criteria include

the need to plan small frequent meals after surgery. surgical expenses might not be covered by medical insurance. follow-up surgery may be needed to correct stretched skin.

The energy used for the digestion, absorption, and processing of food is called the

thermic effect of food

Which of the following contributes the least to the calories that are used each day by the body?

thermogenesis

Why is a follow-up surgery often needed after bariatric surgery?

to remove excess skin after weight loss

The dieting mania stems from ______.

unrealistic weight expectations lack of an appreciation for the natural variety in body shape and size

All of the following are reliable treatments for obesity except ____.

using diet pills

Upper-body obesity is characterized by ______.

waist circumference 40 inches and above in males fat stored primarily in the abdominal area waist circumference 35 inches and above in females

The Body Mass Index is defined as ______.

weight in pounds multiplied by 703, and divided by the square of the height in inches weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters

_____ uses x-ray technology to determine body composition

DEXA

If height, and physical activity level are held constant, energy requirements _____ as an adult ages

Decrease

t/f during the measurement of bioelectric impedance, greater adipose stores are associated with lower resistance to electrical flow

False

The method of estimating total body fat by weighing the individual of a standard scale and the weighing him or her submerged in water is known as______

Hydrostatic weighing (underwater weighing)

For a person with a BMI in the obese range, weight loss decreases the risk for which of the following conditions?

Hypertension Cancer Diabetes

What are some changes, other than calorie restriction, a person can make to be successful at weight loss?

Identifying behaviors that lead to weight gain Eating five servings of fruits and vegetables a day Drinking plenty of water

The benefits of physical activity include ______.

Improving bone health Reducing stress Decrease risk for chronic disease Better sleep

As BMI increases above 25kg/m2, the risk of cardiovascular disease tends to

Increase

Select the most reliable treatments for the condition of overweight or obesity.

Increased physical activity Decreased calorie intake Behavior modification

Identify all the factors that decrease basal metabolism

Insufficient thyroid hormone production Loss of lean tissue Very low energy intake

Which of the following statements are true about dual energy x-ray absorptiometry?

It can be used to assess bone mineral density, it measured body fat by passing a small dose of radiation through the body, and it is considered the most accurate determination of body fat.

Which is true regarding healthy body weight?

It can lead to a long and healthy life.

If Craig's desires to increase his basal metabolic rate (BMR), he can modify his

Lean body mass

Why do individuals with higher amounts of muscle mass, have a higher BMR?

Lean tissue is more metabolically active than adipose tissue.

Individuals with a healthy BMI should ____ rather than follow a specific diet

Learn to accept one's unique body characteristics Engage in regular physical activity Focus on maintaining current weight

The "3Ms" - motivation, movement, and monitoring foster success at weight loss _____.

Maintenance

Which of the following would NOT be a valid way to measure or estimate the amount of energy

Measurement of food intake from the various food groups

A behavioral strategy involves becoming aware of and enjoying the entire eating experience - from the origins of the food to the effects it has on the body - is called

Mindful eating

For many people who have lost weight, maintenance of weight loss is the hardest part. Select the "3 M's" that assist efforts at weight maintenance

Motivation Monitoring Movement

Metabolic rate, fuel and brain chemistry are all examples of the influence of _____ on body weight

Nature

The following are "red flags" that should warn you that a diet may not be safe or effective

No need for exercise Weight loss testimonials from famous people Required use of expensive supplements or meal replacements

Weight watchers is an example of a community weight-loss organization that _____.

Offers a self help program with social support and education

Which of the following medications is currently approved by FDA for weight loss?

Orlistat

Select the true statements concerning body weight among North American adults

Over 70% of adults are overweight or obese. Prevention of an overweight condition in the first place is the most successful approach to maintaining a healthy body weight. Achieving and maintaining a healthy weight lowers risk for developing type 2 diabetes.

Which activities are part of a measurement of basal metabolism?

Respiration The work of the liver, kidneys, and brain Beating of the heart

bioelectrical impedance is used to estimate body fat content by _____

Sending a painless, low-energy current through the body and measuring the rest I stance to the electrical flow

Choose the factors that are environmental and can promote weight gain

Social economic status Culture Advertising

_____ slows muscle loss, increases the strength of muscles and connective tissues, and increase bone density

Strength training

T/F poverty in the United States is associated with obesity

T

Which of the following contribute to basal metabolism?

The activity of the liver, brain, and kidney Heart function Respiration

Energy balance is thought of as energy input versus energy output. Identify the components that contribute to the "energy output" of this equation

Thermos effect of food Physical activity Basal metabolism

Which two measurements are needed to evaluate Body Mass Index?

Weight Height

One example of a desirable self-help organization that can assist individuals with social support and education for successful, sustainable weight loss is ______.

Weight Watchers (also called WW)

What are the worst outcomes of fad diets?

Weight loss is mostly muscle not fat Permanent weight loss is not achieved Habits are not changed

Treatment for overweight and obesity should be

a lifestyle change. long term.

Excess fat located near the ______ increases a person's risk for obesity-related chronic disease.

abdomen

The energy required for the thermos effect of foods is due to the _____ of nutrients

absorption processing digestion

The amount and location of ______ in the body are important predictors of cardiovascular disease risk.

adipose tissue

Choose the three categories of energy used by the body.

basal metabolism, physical activity, thermogenesis

A well-balanced weight loss program would recommend that the rate of weight loss should ________.

be slow and steady evaluate the need for further weight loss after 10% weight loss is achieved include a period of weight maintenance for a few months after 10% of body weight is lost

The method used to estimate total body fat that uses a low-energy electrical current is known as

bioelectrical impedance

direct calorimetry measures the amount of

body heat released by a person

A _____ is the instrument used to determine the calorie content of a food

bomb calorimeter

For Drew, watching movies and eating popcorn go hand in hand, but he has resolved to stop eating popcorn at movies. Instead of eating popcorn, he plans to take a bag of grapes with him the next time he goes. This is an example of ______.

chain breaking

Severe (morbid) obesity is defined as having a BMI greater than or equal to ____ or weighing at least _____ pounds over healthy body weight.

40-100

Identify the components of energy output not involving basal metabolism

1. absorption of nutrients 2. physical activity 3. digestion of nutrients

Which of the following are the top three contributors to the calories expended by the body each day?

1. basal metabolism 2. thermic effect of food 3. physical activity

A weight loss regimen on the internet claims that 10 minutes of physical activity each day is all you need to lose weight. A more successful plan would

1. incorporate 60 to 90 minutes of physical activity 2. include behavior modification strategies 3. include dietary strategies to reduce energy intake

The reasons why unreliable diets are problematic include

1. limited food selection 2. loss of lean tissue 3. unchanged habits

How much does physical activity increase energy expenditure beyond basal metabolism?

15-35%

Approximately how many calories are in one pound of fat tissue?

3500

The threshold to identify upper-body obesity in males is a waist circumference greater than ____ inches

40

Because of serious health implications from server me obesity, drastic measures may be necessary when a person has a _____ greater than or equal to 40

BMI

The ratio of body weight (in kilograms) to height (in meters)2 is the _____.

BMI

Having a high basal metabolic rate is a possible cause for

BMI less than 18.5

Which of the following are ways that nurture, rather than nature, may promote obesity?

High-fat diets Physical inactivity

Choose common characteristics of unreliable fad diets

Critical and skeptical of the medical community Limit food selections Promote rapid weight loss

What are some strategies that are helpful with controlling hunger?

Drink a glass of water before a meal Consume a high fiber snack Eat slow

The best way to ensure that extra calorie intake will support gains in lean mass rather than fat mass to

Engage in strength- training exercises

Important components of a successful long-term weight loss include _______.

Engaging in regular physical activity Modifying problem behaviors controlling calorie intake

What technique could be used to determine the amount of calories a person expends each day?

Equations taking into account height, weight, physical activity, and age Indirect calorimetry Direct calorimetry

Which of the following may cause a person to become underweight?

Excessive dieting Chemotherapy for treatment of cancer A disease that damages the small intestine

T/F a diet that promotes quick weight loss and limits food selections is probably a reliable diet plan

F

Which of the following are social systems that may be helpful with weight control?

Family and friends, weight loss support groups, registered dietitians, and weight control professionals

Which three factors contribute the most to a successful long-term weight loss and maintenance plan?

High fiber intake Nutrient dense food intake Regular physical activity