Nutrition chp 1

Factors that influence food choices

1. Biological and health factors -ability to taste sweet sour and bitter, changes in age, medical conditions like lactose intolerance and GI issues 2. Psychological, personal, and emotional factors -Food is symbolic, ppl use eating as a coping mechanism for emotions to is exert control, 3. Social, lifestyle, and environmental factors -Many social occasions include food, people may not eat breakfast lunch or dinner, the availability/unavailability of food. 4. Cultural, experimental, and religious factors -ethnic restaurants reflect or variety of cultural influences, food habits that are formed early in life, and most religions have specific foods that are eaten at certain times, or prohibited 5. Socioeconomic factors Limited economic resources lead to the diminished ability to purchase fresh foods, some families lack transportation to buy food or time to cook food, frequent family meals have been shown to improve the eating habits of children

What are the five food groups that ensure a daily supply of important nutrients

1. Fruits 2. vegetables 3. grains 4. protein 5. dairy

Food provides the body with a steady supply of fuel which is created during digestion and absorption of what six major nutrients?

1. carbohydrates 2. proteins 3. lipids 4. water 5. vitamins 6. minerals

The average American eats fast food how many times a year? With that the average meal contains 1200 cal which is how many calories a year?

159x a year/ 190,000 calories

Families find themselves without a chief cook in the kitchen and consuming one of every _____ Meals in their cars

5 meals/20%

What is the recommended grams of sugar per day? The average person in the United States consumes how many grams of sugar a day?

50g 126g (this is over two times the recommended grams of sugar a day by the world health organization)

______% of human body mass is composed of what four elements ..... these nutrients are traditionally classified into six groups of essential nutrients which are:

96% 1. oxygen 2. carbon 3. hydrogen 4. nitrogen

Which of the following elements make up proteins? (Select all that apply) A. Carbon B. Hydrogen C. Nitrogen D. Oxygen

All of the above

Which of the following elements make up water? (Select all that apply) A. Carbon B. Hydrogen C. Nitrogen D. Oxygen

B. Hydrogen D. Oxygen

Which of the following is not a major disease associated with unhealthy eating habits A. Diabetes B. Respiratory disease C. Cardiovascular disease D. Dental carries E. Cancer

B. Respiratory disease

Food habits are influenced by all of the following except A. psychologic B. economic C. emotional D. social E. cultural/traditional

B. economic (not a food habit but it is a factor that influences food choices)

True or false A. emotional cravings remain steady as long as the emotion remains B. physiological effects is when the hormones are in fluctuations

Both are true

True or false A. Consumption of soft drinks in the United States has more than doubled in the last 40 years B. they are now the single most consumed food in the American diet

Both statements are true

When eating out you should do all of the following except A. Opt for the small B. Choose water over soda C. Don't be wasteful and eat all on plate D. Eat half & save the rest for later E. Eat slowly and look around you

C. Don't be wasteful and eat all on plate

Which of the following is not a way to minimize a food craving A. Exercise or stretch B. Choose complex carbohydrates for meals that will moderate blood sugar levels C. Eat frequent large nutritious meals D. Given in and eat modest amounts of what is craved

C. Eat frequent large nutritious meals (You would want to eat frequent SMALL nutritious meals)

Which of the following elements make up carbohydrates? (Select all that apply) A. Carbon B. Hydrogen C. Nitrogen D. Oxygen

C. Nitrogen

Foods high in fat and carbohydrates tend to be chosen as

Comfort foods

A group of enzymes that break down polymeric macromolecules into their smaller building blocks, in order to facilitate their absorption by the body. They also are crucial to nutrition and overall good health. They aid your body to absorb nutrients from the foods you eat. Without them, certain foods can lead to uncomfortable symptoms, food intolerances, or nutritional deficiencies

Digestive enzymes

Which of the following is a reason your body can be trying to tell you when you are having a craving A. Emotional imbalance B. In need of a mood adjustment C. Blood sugar is low D. Lacking a specific nutrient E. All of the above

E. All of the above

Nutrients that must come from food because our bodies cannot produce it insufficient amounts to meet physiological needs is called:

Essential nutrients

True or false although it is not smart to consistently make unwise food choices it will not lead to major disease or a shorter lifespan

False it WILL cause major disease and a shorter lifespan

True or false portion distortion has an indirect effect on obesity incidence

False it has a DIRECT effect

The relationship between ______ and ________ happens when the body gets too much or too little of a particular nutrient over a period of time

Food and disease process

The body has an innate wisdom. It lets us know when it needs a specific nutrient. When it talks to us like that we experience a ___________ (Conscious longing for something specific)

Food craving

Fast food serving sizes are ______ times The size that they were in 1950

Four times

long tube that is open at both ends for the transit of food during processing

GI tract

You may be choosing the food You eat out of

Habits

A chemical substance that provides the body with energy and everything else and needs to function

Nutrients

__________ Is what you choose to eat and put into your body

Nutrition

The increase in portion size is also known as

Portion distortion

RDA stands for what?

Recommended Dietary Allowance

_______ is the average daily amount of nutrient considered adequate to meet the known nutrient needs of practically all healthy people

Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)

True or false a habit may start out as a physiological need and then turn into a habit

True

True or false food cravings can be either emotional or physiological

True

True or false the proportions of the nutrients to each other in a specific food is what gives the food a label of either carbohydrated rich protein rich or high/low-fat

True

Assumption Norm =

What is put before you to eat (people ASSUME the consumption norm (the amount you should eat) is what is placed before them)

a mixture of partially digested food, water, and gastric juices It mixes with digestive juices (bile and amylase).

chyme

MyPlate recommendations indicate that ___ of your plate should consist of fruits and vegetables. a. one-tenth b. one-third c. one-quarter d. one-half e. two-thirds

d. one-half

Structures through which materials pass, such as the stomach, small intestines, large intestines, ureters, and bladder.

hollow organs

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.

peristalsis

Solid masses of tissue where much of the chemical work of the body takes place (eg, the liver, spleen, pancreas, and kidneys)

solid organs

Consumption norm =

the proper food unit to eat (what you should eat)

According to my plate guidelines you should include a Broad variety of foods from each category ~ ___#___ rich sources of calcium ~ ___#___ high-protein foods ~ At least ___#___ serving of vegetables and fruits ~ Whole grain fibers ~ Vegetable fats and omega-3 fatty acids ~ And also include plenty of ______ and daily moderate ______

~ 3 rich sources of calcium ~ 3 high protein food ~ At least 5 servings of vegetables and fruits ~ Whole grain fibers ~ Vegetables fats and omega-3 fatty acids ~ And also include plenty of water and daily moderate exercise