Nutrition Fitness Exam 6
The RDA for adults for vitamin D is _____ mcg.
5
Dietary guidelines for vegetarians generally recommend _____ servings of legumes and nuts.
5 or more
Dietary guidelines for vegetarians generally recommend _____ servings of grains.
6 or more
Approximately what percentage of children with a wheat allergy outgrow it by age 12?
66%
The incidence of food allergies is estimated to be _____% in children and _____% in adults
6;3
Which vitamin is naturally found only in animal products?
B12
Symptoms associated with _____ sensitivity include dizziness, sweating, flushing, a rapid heartbeat, and a ringing sound in the ears.
MSG
The gold standard diagnostic test for celiac disease is _____.
a small bowel biopsy and examination of cells for signs of damage
What is a good source of DHA for vegetarians?
algae supplements
A vegan will eat _____.
almonds
Serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and can cause death
anaphylactic shock
Proteins the body makes to combat allergens
antibodies
Food intolerance reactions _____.
are due to a missing or abnormal enzyme
A person following a vegetarian diet should _____.
assess his or her diet before deciding to take a supplement
Tyramine is most likely found in _____.
baked goods
A semi-vegetarian will generally exclude _____.
beef
Which food should Carlota remove from her diet because of her celiac disease?
bread
Which food can be safely consumed by a person with celiac disease?
buckwheat
Which nutrient is most likely to be lacking in the diets of vegetarians?
calcium
Care should be taken to ensure adequate intake of _____ if milk and dairy product intake is restricted.
calcium and vitamin D
Autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the small intestine lining related to genetically based intolerance to gluten
celiac disease
Which food is a good source of vitamin B12 for vegetarians?
cereal
Which food has been linked to food intolerance reactions?
chocolate
If Carlota is unsure whether a particular food will cause her celiac disease to flare-up, she should _____.
consult a registered dietitian
Only people who follow a macrobiotic diet exclude all animal products from their diets.
false
Skin prick tests are the most accurate test for diagnosing food allergies.
false
Symptoms associated with MSG sensitivity include migraine headaches.
false
The RDA for adults for vitamin B12 is 1.5 mcg.v
false
There is one set of dietary recommendations that is appropriate for all vegetarian dietary patterns.
false
Vegans are more likely to be overweight than semi-vegetarians.
false
DHA and EPA are found primarily in _____.
fish and seafood
Substance in food that is identified as harmful by the body and elicits an allergic reaction from the immune system
food allergen
Adverse reaction to a normally harmless substance in food that involves the body's immune system
food allergy
According to the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004, _____.
food ingredient labels are now required to state clearly whether the food contains one or more of the big eight allergenic foods
Adverse reaction to a normally harmless substance in food that does not directly involve the body's immune system
food tolerance
How is celiac disease treated?
gluten-free diet
Which food can generally be consumed by people with lactose maldigestion?
hard cheese
Substance released in allergic reactions that causes dilation of the blood vessels, itching, and hives
histamine
The presence of _____ in wine has been blamed for the headaches associated with drinking wine.
histamine
Some vegetarians may exclude all foods from animal sources including _____.
honey
Which test used to identify food allergies looks for certain proteins in the blood produced by the immune system?
identification of specific types of IgE
Body tissues that provide protection against bacteria, viruses, and other substances identified by cells as harmful
immune system
Which treatment of food allergies shows promise for diminishing or eliminating a person's sensitivity to specific food allergens such as those in peanuts, milk, eggs, and peaches?
immunotherapy
Consumption of a raw food diet is associated with _____.
impaired growth in children
The raw food diet _____.
is typically defined as an uncooked vegan diet
Symptoms of non-celiac gluten sensitivity include _____.
joint pain
Term for gastrointestinal symptoms resulting from consumption of more lactose than can be digested with available lactase
lactose intolerance
Disorder characterized by reduced digestion of lactose due to low availability of lactase
lactose maldigestion
The symptoms Carlota experiences following dairy consumption may be caused by _____.
lactose maldigestion
A part of the world's population that does not have the luxury of choosing an assortment of food subsists on vegetarian diets because _____.
meat and other animal products are scarce or too expensive
During the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge, _____.
neither the patient nor the care provider knows whether a suspected offending food or a placebo is being tested
Serdar and Rafael are impressed with Randi's cooking skills but have to pass on several foods. Which food items will Serdar pass on?
noodle casserole and ice cream
Which food items will Rafael pass on?
noodle casserole only
Serdar recommends that if Randi decides to become a vegan she should make sure her diet includes adequate vitamin B12. Which food would be a good source of vitamin B12?
nutritional yeast
Celiac disease _____.
occurs in genetically susceptible people exposed to certain environmental triggers early in life
The FDA prohibits the use of sulfite _____.
on fresh fruits and vegetables
Which food is one of the eight most common causes of food allergies?
pineapple
Which food most likely contains gluten?
pizza
Persons adhering to the macrobiotic philosophy _____.
place value on balancing the intake of "yin" and "yang" foods
A food allergen is almost always a _____.
protein
The body needs a sufficient supply of each essential amino acid if it is to build and replace protein substances such as _____.
red blood cells and enzymes
What is a benefit of vegetarian-style healthy dietary patterns?
reduce risk of obesity
Which combination of foods provide a complete protein?
rice and dried beans
Which grain should Carlota avoid because of her celiac disease?
rye
Which food is a source of complete protein?
salmon
Based on the meals that Randi prepared, which type of vegetarian diet would be the easiest diet for her to follow at this time?
semi-vegetarian
Children and adults with a severe allergy to peanuts, nuts, fish, or _____ will likely have to eliminate the food from their diet for their lifetime.
shellfish
Allergic reactions most commonly cause _____.
skin eruptions
Meat and dairy analogs may be high in _____.
sodium and calories
Tests have shown _____ to be complete protein sources for children and adults.
soy proteins
Which food additive can cause anaphylactic shock and bring on an asthma attack in sensitive people?
sulfite
What is a good source of vitamin D for vegetarians?
sunlight
The gold standard test used to diagnose food allergies is _____.
the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge
What is the best way to determine if you have a food intolerance?
the double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge
In the United States, a "gluten-free," "without gluten," "no gluten," or "free of gluten" label on a food package means that _____.
the food contains less than 20 parts per million of gluten
The USDA's current food guide recommends that vegetables, fruits, and grains should make up about ______ of a plate of food.
three-fourths
People who are vegetarians tend to avoid _____.
tobacco
Approximately 90% of all food allergies are related to the consumption of eight foods.
true
Careful examination of nutrition information labels on meat and dairy analog products is important for individuals who are sensitive to MSG.
true
Celiac disease is also called gluten-sensitive enteropathy.
true
Celiac disease symptoms may be silent in some individuals.
true
Consumption of a raw food diet is associated with low bone mineral density.
true
Corn and lima beans together provide a complete protein.
true
Diets consisting of primarily of raw foods have come in and out of fashion for hundreds of years.
true
Food allergies are increasingly common and are an important health concern in the United States.
true
For a number of vegetarian regimes, the spiritual or emotional importance assigned to certain foods supersedes consideration of their contribution to an adequate diet.
true
Histamine has been found in hard cured sausage and catsup.
true
In general, vegetarians tend to be health conscious.
true
Macrobiotic diets strongly favor organic and locally produced foods over other foods.
true
Meat and dairy analogs may contain egg whites or whey.
true
Most commonly, allergic reactions cause a rash, diarrhea, congestion, or wheezing.
true
People experience adverse reactions to food for three primary reasons including food poisoning.
true
Poultry is a yang food.
true
Religious beliefs or cultural values may be a reason people adopt vegetarian diets.
true
Symptoms of lactose maldigestion are due to the breakdown of undigested lactose by bacteria in the lower intestine.
true
The FDA has approved the addition of vitamin D to soy-based foods.
true
The FDA requires that processed foods containing sulfites list them on the ingredients label.
true
The incidence of food allergies is estimated to be higher in children than adults.
true
The more restrictive the vegetarian dietary pattern, the more likely it is that intake of certain nutrients will be lower than recommended.
true
The only treatment for a food allergy is to eliminate the food from the diet.
true
The rate of confirmed cases of celiac disease is increasing.
true
Vegetarian-style healthy dietary patterns are similar in many ways to the DASH and Mediterranean dietary patterns.
true
Vegetarianism is becoming more mainstream in economically developed countries around the world.
true
Vegetarians can meet their needs for calcium by consuming fortified foods.
true
Worldwide hundreds of millions of people follow a vegetarian diet.
true
Vegetarians adhering to the "living foods diet" consume only _____.
uncooked and fermented plant foods
Which type of diet excludes all animal products?
vegan
Due to Carlota's peanut and tree nut allergy she should always _____.
wear a medical ID bracelet and carry an EpiPen
A lacto-vegetarian will eat _____.
yogurt
Symptoms of lactose intolerance include _____.
abdominal pain, bloating, and diarrhea
Discuss some reasons for vegetarianism.
●Lack of availability or affordability of animal products ● Desire not to cause harm to animals ● Religious beliefs or cultural values ● Desire to consume environmentally sustainable foods ● Taste preferences ● Personal health ● Desire to avoid hormones, antibiotics, and possible contaminants in meats and other foods
Most allergies can be prevented by breastfeeding.
false
List ChooseMyPlate.gov's recommendations for healthy vegetarian diets.
1. Think about protein 2. Bone up on sources of calcium 3. Make simple changes 4. Enjoy a cookout 5. Include beans and peas 6. Try different veggie versions 7. Make some small changes at restaurants 8. Nuts make great snacks 9. Get your B12 10. Find a vegetarian pattern for you
The RDA for adults for calcium is _____ mg.
1000
Food allergies and food intolerances are both caused by an immune system response.
false
After visiting with Serdar further, Randi realizes there are several nutrients that may be lacking in a vegan diet. Which nutrient is most likely a concern?
DHA
EPA can be obtained, to some extent, from sources of _____.
DHA
Diets of non-vegetarians are most likely to be lacking in _____. .
Zfiber
Food intolerances do not produce any of the same reactions as food allergies.
false
In the United States, it is estimated that 15% of the population are vegetarians.
false
Lactose maldigestion is an uncommon disorder that only affects approximately 25% of the human population.
false
Randi has a family history of osteoporosis and is concerned about getting enough calcium in her diet. Serdar shares that there are good sources of calcium for vegetarians. Which foods will he most likely recommend?
dark-green leafy vegetables and soy milk
Carlota most likely experienced _____ before she modified her diet to treat her celiac disease.
diarrhea, weight loss, cramps, fatigue, and anemia
Test used to determine the presence of a food allergy or other adverse reaction to a food
double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge
People experiencing anaphylactic shock can be revived by an injection of _____.
epinephrine
Serdar and Rafael both _____.
exclude red meat
A lacto-vegetarian only consumes fruits and vegetables.
false
A nutrient most likely to be lacking in vegetarian diets is fiber.
false
A person following a fruitarian diet can sustain good health for an extended period of time.
false
After a food allergy is confirmed in infants and young children it will last forever.
false
Allergy shots are available for food allergy treatment.
false
Allergy tests that are available through the mail are reliable for determining an individual's allergy status.
false
Approximately 20-30% of the general public has a food allergy to one or more foods.
false
Celiac disease is an intolerance to soy.
false
Compared to a Western-style dietary pattern, vegetarianism is associated with improved blood lipid levels and lower blood pressure but not a reduced risk of heart disease.
false
Complete proteins contain all eleven nonessential amino acids.
false
Current research has found that a macrobiotic diet can lead to a long life.
false
DHA and EPA are found primarily in plant foods.
false
Essential amino acids consumed in foods are stored for a long period of time.
false
Even though the macrobiotic diet is inadequate in a number of nutrients, it has not been expanded.
false