nutrition full set
How many classes of nutrients are there:
6
According to the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR), up to what percentage of your daily calories should be provided by carbohydrates:
65%
In the United States, how many foods account for over 90 percent of all documented food allergies?
8
Approximately what percentage of the American population has some form of diabetes:
9-10%
What is the definitive test for diagnosing celiac disease:
BIOPSY of the small intestine
Individuals with celiac disease must eat gluten free foods, which includes:
Brown rice pasta
Joachim consumes about 15% of his total calories a day as saturated fat. Following the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans would require that Joachim:
DECREASE his saturated fat intake by about 1/3.
The characteristics of a healthful diet include:
NUTRIENT density and variety
Which part of a food label is the primary tool for determining the healthfulness of the product:
Nutrition Facts Panel
Which statement is FALSE concerning the field of nutrition:
Nutrition is an ANCIENT SCIENCE that dates back to the fourteenth century.
The primary function of mucus in the stomach is to:
PROTECT the stomach cells from gastric juice
Which of the following is NOT a function of water in the body:
PROVIDES a source of energy to work and play
Which of the following statements describes the Mediterranean-style diet?
RED MEAT IS CONSUMED ONLY MONTHLY
Why does advanced celiac disease lead to malabsorption:
THE DEGRADATION of the villi reduces the absorptive surface area of the intestine
Which of the following indicates that a nutrition website may NOT be a reliable source of information:
WEBSITE address with a .com ending
Which of the following would cause intestinal distress for someone with lactose intolerance?
WHEY
The exchange system was originally designed to help people
WITH DIABETES
Which of the following is a principle of a healthful eating pattern?
YOU SHOULD CONSIDER EVERYTHING YOU EAT AND DRINK
If you believe you have nonceliac gluten sensitivity you should:
ask your doctor for a blood test to check for CELIAC DISEASE
Milk is a good source of calcium but a poor source of iron. Meat is a good source of iron but a poor source of calcium. A diet incorporating both of these foods demonstrates what characteristic of a healthful diet:
balance
Salivary amylase begins the digestion of which nutrient in the mouth:
carbohydrate
Undiagnosed celiac disease increases the risk for:
intestinal cancer
The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for America advise you that:
keep your intake of ADDED SUGARS to no more than 10% of total calories
Inorganic nutrients that are NOT broken down by the human body or destroyed by heat or light are called:
minerals
The wavelike contractions that move food along the length of the GI tract are called the:
peristalsis
How does the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine's Power Plate differ from MyPlate?
power plate INCLUDES only PLANT BASED FOODS
One of the earliest developments in the field of nutrition linking nutritional deficiency to illness was the discovery that eating citrus fruits prevents:
scurvy
A set of nutrition principals developed by the UDSA and the HHS to help promote health and reduce the risk of chronic disease is called:
the DIETARY GUIDELINES of America
Colorectal cancer is:
the THIRD most common cancer in men and women
Diabetes is a chronic disease in which:
the body can NO LONGER REGULATE blood glucose levels within normal limits
Food intolerances usually occur because:
the person's SMALL INTESTINE does not produce enough of a digestive enyme needed to break down the offending food.
Which of the following is an ounce equivalent serving of grain from the USDA food patterns:
two small PANCAKES
When the stomach is full it can expand to hold approximately:
1 GALLON of food or water
Which of the following would provide the most effective dose of live and active bacterial cultures?
1 cup of YOGURT
About what percentage of Americans has at least one chronic disease related to an unhealthful eating pattern and low levels of physical activity?
50%
Which of the following is NOT one of the challenges facing the field of nutrigenomics?
AGE, GENDER, and lifestyle must also be taken into account in how foods interact with genes.
Lactose intolerance is caused by:
AN INSUFFICIENT production of the enzyme lactase
An aspect of the Mediterranean diet that makes it more healthful than the typical American diet is that sweets
ARE CONSUMED ONLY WEEKLY
Food allergies:
CAN BE clinically diagnosed with a skin test or a blood test
A blogger has written a post about the benefits of an artificial sweetener for weight loss. Which of the following would be the best evidence to support these claims:
CITATIONS to research studies published in peer-reviewed journals
What statement BEST describes nutrient density:
CONSUME FOODS that have the MOST NUTRIENTS for their calories
In the United states and Canada, what set of standards defines the recommended intake values for various nutrients for healthy people:
Dietary reference intakes (DRIs)
The microorganisms in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract benefit our health by
ENABLE US to digest food and absorb nutrients that otherwise would be unavailable.
The 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend that, in addition to following a healthful eating pattern, Americans
ENGAGE in at least 150 mins per week of moderate physical activity
What is the standard used to estimate the daily nutrient needs of half of all healthy individuals:
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
What effect occurs when the binding of epigenetic factors to histone proteins causes DNA to be tightly wound?
Genes are LESS ACCESSIBLE for use in protein synthesis.
What is the primary cause for peptic ulcers:
Helicobacter pylori
Which chemical in gastric juice kills bacteria you may have consumed:
Hydrochloric acid (HCL)
The field of nutrigenomics has the potential to improve human health by
IDENTIFYING FOODS that can influence the expression of specific genes
Which of the following is NOT a health-promoting function associated with a healthy intake of phytochemicals from foods?
INCREASE in bacterial resistance to antibiotics
Which of the following statements is TRUE about a diet high in phytochemicals?
It is THOUGHT TO REDUCE inflammation linked to the development of cancer.
Serving sizes of prepared foods purchased at grocery stores and restaurants are generally:
LARGER than usda serving size standards
The label on a container of cottage cheese describes it as "fat free". What is the FDA approved requirement for this to be true:
LESS than .5 grams of fat per serving
What physiological stimulus will trigger the sensation of hunger:
LOW glucose levels
Which of the following statements about the eating patterns of Americans is TRUE?
NEARLY 100% of Americans fail to meet their daily intake recommendations for whole grains
According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of the following is a component of a healthful eating pattern?
OILS
A food lable on a nutrition bar lists it's ingredients. Which of the following ingredients does NOT contain protein derived from the major allergenic foods?
RICE FLOUR
Which of the following commonly results from years of alcohol abuse:
SCAR TISSUE develops in the liver, impairing it's ability to filter toxins from the blood
Which of the following is NOT a major function of dietary protein:
SERVING as a primary source of energy for the body
Prebiotics contribute to health by
STIMULATING the growth and activity of beneficial GI flora.
Lauren's friend has recommended that she takes a vitamin C supplement. Lauren in concerned about consuming too much of the supplement. Which of the following nutrient standards would assist her in determining the highest amount of the supplement that would be safe for her to consume:
TOLERABLE Upper Intake Level (UL)
Which of the following is TRUE of phytochemicals?
They are THOUGHT TO BENEFIT our health by stressing our cells.
What is chyme:
a MIXTURE of partially digested food, water, and gastric juices
A nutrient dense snack provides:
a high level of NUTRIETNTS for a LOW NUMBER OF CALORIES
Damage to the walls of large blood vessels caused by untreated diabetes is known as:
a macrovascular complication
The building blocks of protein are called:
amino acids
On a food label "Building stronger bones" is an example of:
an UNREGULATED STRUCTURE-FICTION claim
The basic biological urge to eat when our body senses that we need food is:
appetite
The psychological desire to eat stimulated by sight, smell, or thought of food is:
appetite
Alissa consumes about 3200 mg of sodium per day. Following the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans would require that Alissa:
cut her sodium intake by about 1000 mg a day
The term used to describe the process in which foods are broken down into their component molecule is:
digestion
The term used in the USDA Food Patterns that describes the energy derived from solid fats and/or added sugars is:
empty calories
Which of the following nutrients is the most energy dense:
fat
A painful sensation in the chest that results from gastric juices seeping back up into the esophagus is called:
gastroesophageal reflux (GER)
Which of the following provokes an immune response in people with celiac disease:
gliadin
Which hormones are responsible for maintaining blood glucose levels:
glucagon and insulin
On a food label, "Healthful diets with adequate folate may reduce a woman's risk of having a child with a brain or spinal cord defect" is an example of an FDA approved:
health claim
The chemical messengers that are secrete by glands, enter the bloodstream, and travel to distant target sites to regulate their functions are known as:
hormones
Which of the following typically occurs when people who are lactose intolerant consume dairy food:
intestinal gas
The nutrition facts panel on a box of granola indicates that 1 serving contains 1 gram of saturated fat and 2 grams of unsaturated fat. The label on this product is allowed to state that it is:
low fat
Which of the following nutrients are inorganic:
minerals
Mechanical digestion begins in the:
mouth
In the digestive system, bicarbonate:
neutralizes acids
Prevalent in the United States in the early 1900s, pellagra was first thought to be an infectious disease. Today we know that it is caused by a deficiency of:
niacin
Our genetic information in the form of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is located in the:
nucleus
Chemicals that are found in foods that are critical to human growth and function are called:
nutrients
Which of the following choices would be at home on the Harvard School of Public Health's Healthy Eating Plate?
nuts
Which of the following plays a key role in stimulating appetite and enabling us to taste foods:
olfaction
Which of the following conditions is NOT associated with untreated diabetes:
osteoporosis
Which organ is responsible for manufacturing and secreting digestive enzymes and bicarbonate:
pancreas
Cottage cheese to which the food manufacturer has added inulin is an example of a
proccessed PREBIOTIC food.
Which of the following nutrients is organic:
protein
Your grandmother has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which of the following professionals is MOST likely to be qualified to offer your grandmother assistance in planning her diabetic diet:
registered dietitian (RD)
Bile is released into which body organ in response to the consumption of fat:
small intestine
Celiac disease causes damage to the lining of the:
small intestine
The brush border is located in the:
small intestine
Where in your body does the majority of the digestion and absorption of food occur:
small intestine
Which of the following is not a function of the liver:
storage of bile
Bryce is dangerously allergic to shrimp which he accidentally consumes in a baked dish. Which of the following would NOT be an expected way for Bryce's body to react to the allergen:
sudden increase in blood pressure
Which of the following would be a blood test reveal for a person suffering from a peanut allergy?
the presence of ANTIBODIES specific to peanuts
