Nutriton Chpt. 7
What is a healthy adult's RDA for protein
0.8 kg/body weight
omega 3 fatty acids
algae
Proteins are made up of smaller units called
amino acids
the end products of protein digestion are
amino acids
Collagen
cartilage, ligament, and bone tissue
keratin
hair, nails, skin
A high protein intake translates into a high ______ intake
fat
________ are food additives commonly found in foods such as wines, potatoes, and shrimp that can cause negative reactions when consumed
sulfites
polypeptides
proteins comprised of two or more amino acids
zinc
rice beverages
A person who eats all foods except red meats would be considered a ____________
semivegetarian
peptides
small chains of amino acids
Essential amino acids
soybean products
Which of the following are signs and symptoms of celiac disease
weight loss, abdominal bloating, chronic diarrhea
The average american protein intake for Americans is 15%. This is ____ the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR).
within
In order to spare protein for growth, repair, and maintenance of muscle tissue, an athletes diet should supply enough calories from
fat and carbohydrate
Which of the following statements is true
if your diet contains adequate amount of protein then eating more is not better
Food intolerances are common with foods such as
milk cheese wine
contractile
muscle movement
Excess protein is first stripped of the _______ portion before being metabolized
nitrogen
Proteins are different in that they contain
nitrogen
________ is a major stomach enzyme used for digesting proteins
pepsin
The components of the amino acid include
CH bond, acid group, amino group, R group
Blood protein have no influence on body fluid balance
False
________ is a group of related proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye
Gluten
___________ _______ helps the proteins unravel to allow for pepsin to break apart the peptide bonds
Hydrochloric acid
Diets containing gluten may be beneficial in which ways
Improving immune function, by lowering blood pressure, and by stimulating growth of good bacteria
_______ are a plant family with pods that contain a single row of seeds
Legumes
Which of the following are potential deficiencies from following a vegetarian diet
Low iron and calcium and low vitamin D and riboflavin
___________ proteins are a heart-healthy alternative to animal proteins because they contain no cholesterol and little saturated fat
Plant
How do proteins contribute to acid-base balance of the blood
Serve as buffers that resist changes in pH
________ is another waste product of amino acid metabolism formed from ammonia
Urea
A(n) _______ disease is a chronic condition in which the immune system cells attack and destroy normal, healthy cells
autoimmune
peptide bond
chemical attraction that connects the amino acids together
Two sources of incomplete protein that are combined and form a complete protein are called
complementary combinations
Children that are deficient in protein may become susceptible to
dehydration, weakness, infection, and iritability
Process of protein digestion
digested proteins move from stomach to liver, further digestion occurs as the pancreas secretes protein-splitting enzymes, final digestion occurs within absorptive cells, amino acids enter the portal vein and travel to the liver
ovovegetarian
eats eggs
lactovegetarian
eats milk and milk products
lactoovovegetarian
eats milk and milk products and eggs
there are nine _____ amino acid that cannot be produced by the body and must be consumed as part of our diet
essential
Which of the following actions would help cut the cost of consuming protein on a regular basis while still meeting requirements
include more dairy products and eggs in meals and combine an animal source with a plant source
What are some common deficiencies in a poorly planned plant-based diet
iron, Vitamin D, and Vitamin B-12
The ________ remove urea from the bloodstream and eliminate it into the urine
kidneys
What is the term for "milk" in reference to the type of vegetarian that consumes milk and milk products
lacto
vegetarian diets are often ________ in fat and energy than Western diets
lower
Absorptive cells secrete _________ that aid in the splitting of polypeptide chains while in the small intestines
proteases
Allergens in food are typically ________ that the body cannot digest
proteins
Every cell contains protein
true
In the United States, protein deficiency is
uncommon
protein energy malnutrition is an example of
undernutrition
A person who relies heavily on plant foods and may not include some animal foods in their diet is considered a
vegetarian
Muscle is mostly comprised of
water and protein
There are a total of _______ nonessential amino acids that the body needs in order to function
11
Weight lifting in combination with a _____ diet is a safe and effective way to increase muscle mass
balanced
Which of the following foods would be considered good sources of protein
beans and nuts
During resistance exercise, proteins in the working muscles ________ __________
break down