Nutriton Chpt. 7

What is a healthy adult's RDA for protein

0.8 kg/body weight

omega 3 fatty acids

algae

Proteins are made up of smaller units called

amino acids

the end products of protein digestion are

amino acids

Collagen

cartilage, ligament, and bone tissue

keratin

hair, nails, skin

A high protein intake translates into a high ______ intake

fat

________ are food additives commonly found in foods such as wines, potatoes, and shrimp that can cause negative reactions when consumed

sulfites

polypeptides

proteins comprised of two or more amino acids

zinc

rice beverages

A person who eats all foods except red meats would be considered a ____________

semivegetarian

peptides

small chains of amino acids

Essential amino acids

soybean products

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of celiac disease

weight loss, abdominal bloating, chronic diarrhea

The average american protein intake for Americans is 15%. This is ____ the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR).

within

In order to spare protein for growth, repair, and maintenance of muscle tissue, an athletes diet should supply enough calories from

fat and carbohydrate

Which of the following statements is true

if your diet contains adequate amount of protein then eating more is not better

Food intolerances are common with foods such as

milk cheese wine

contractile

muscle movement

Excess protein is first stripped of the _______ portion before being metabolized

nitrogen

Proteins are different in that they contain

nitrogen

________ is a major stomach enzyme used for digesting proteins

pepsin

The components of the amino acid include

CH bond, acid group, amino group, R group

Blood protein have no influence on body fluid balance

False

________ is a group of related proteins found in wheat, barley, and rye

Gluten

___________ _______ helps the proteins unravel to allow for pepsin to break apart the peptide bonds

Hydrochloric acid

Diets containing gluten may be beneficial in which ways

Improving immune function, by lowering blood pressure, and by stimulating growth of good bacteria

_______ are a plant family with pods that contain a single row of seeds

Legumes

Which of the following are potential deficiencies from following a vegetarian diet

Low iron and calcium and low vitamin D and riboflavin

___________ proteins are a heart-healthy alternative to animal proteins because they contain no cholesterol and little saturated fat

Plant

How do proteins contribute to acid-base balance of the blood

Serve as buffers that resist changes in pH

________ is another waste product of amino acid metabolism formed from ammonia

Urea

A(n) _______ disease is a chronic condition in which the immune system cells attack and destroy normal, healthy cells

autoimmune

peptide bond

chemical attraction that connects the amino acids together

Two sources of incomplete protein that are combined and form a complete protein are called

complementary combinations

Children that are deficient in protein may become susceptible to

dehydration, weakness, infection, and iritability

Process of protein digestion

digested proteins move from stomach to liver, further digestion occurs as the pancreas secretes protein-splitting enzymes, final digestion occurs within absorptive cells, amino acids enter the portal vein and travel to the liver

ovovegetarian

eats eggs

lactovegetarian

eats milk and milk products

lactoovovegetarian

eats milk and milk products and eggs

there are nine _____ amino acid that cannot be produced by the body and must be consumed as part of our diet

essential

Which of the following actions would help cut the cost of consuming protein on a regular basis while still meeting requirements

include more dairy products and eggs in meals and combine an animal source with a plant source

What are some common deficiencies in a poorly planned plant-based diet

iron, Vitamin D, and Vitamin B-12

The ________ remove urea from the bloodstream and eliminate it into the urine

kidneys

What is the term for "milk" in reference to the type of vegetarian that consumes milk and milk products

lacto

vegetarian diets are often ________ in fat and energy than Western diets

lower

Absorptive cells secrete _________ that aid in the splitting of polypeptide chains while in the small intestines

proteases

Allergens in food are typically ________ that the body cannot digest

proteins

Every cell contains protein

true

In the United States, protein deficiency is

uncommon

protein energy malnutrition is an example of

undernutrition

A person who relies heavily on plant foods and may not include some animal foods in their diet is considered a

vegetarian

Muscle is mostly comprised of

water and protein

There are a total of _______ nonessential amino acids that the body needs in order to function

11

Weight lifting in combination with a _____ diet is a safe and effective way to increase muscle mass

balanced

Which of the following foods would be considered good sources of protein

beans and nuts

During resistance exercise, proteins in the working muscles ________ __________

break down