OB Final Exam Prep

rewards more than it punishes

A positive organizational culture​ _____________________.

ethics

National and organizational cultures may clash when it comes to​ ____________.

Distributive Bargaining

Amanda is negotiating a new applicant tracking service for her department with a software vendor. She intends to make the first offer and has researched to be sure it is an​ aggressive, but reasonable one. She has a clear target point in mind for herself and believes she understands the lowest amount the vendor is likely to accept. Amanda is engaged in​ ____________.

Law and code

An accounting firm is likely to focus on which Ethical Climate Theory​ (ECT) category?

ethical climate index

An​ organization's ECI is defined as its​ _____________________.

Focuses on the core values shared by members of the organization

An​ organization's dominant culture​ _________________________.

Stage II

Conflict issues are generally defined in which stage of the conflict​ process?

Dysfunctional

Conflict that approaches the top range of the conflict continuum is almost always​ _____________.

prearrival stage

During which of the following does an individual attempt to anticipate the expectations of the​ organization?

Intentions

During which stage of conflict do decisions to act in a given way​ occur?

Provide protective mechanisms

In order to control ethical behavior without losing good​ employees, your company has just put in an anonymous tip line that employees can use to report unethical behavior without having to identify themselves and get in trouble. Which principle in creating a more ethical culture is the company​ using?

Assess what you think the other party's goals are

In the preparation and planning step of the negotiation process you should​ ______________.

Detail orientation

In which of the following cultures would employees be expected to exhibit precision and​ analysis?

Definition of group rules

Items such as where the negotiation will take place and what issues will be​ covered, occur in which step in the negotiation​ process?

Integrative Bargaining

Jessica is representing her small business at a​ tenants' meeting negotiating rent rates with her landlord. She does not believe that negotiations must be based on a fixed pie whereby the landlord loses at the​ tenants' gain or vice versa. What approach is Jessica likely to​ use?

Relationship and Process

John has observed multiple conflicts among his new team members. Two members refuse to speak to one another or attend the same meetings after a heated discussion six months ago. Three other members have continued to argue over whether the work of data input should be outsourced. What types of conflict is the team​ experiencing?

Intragroup

Most research on relationship and process conflict is focused on​ _____________ conflict.

Positive culture

You are setting up new policies that will provide employees with opportunities to discover what they do best and gain rewards as they do well. Which one of the following are you trying to​ develop?

work group

a primary source of social interaction for many employees

traditional approach to conflict

assumed all conflict was harmful and must be avoided

Stage I: Potential Opposition or Incompatibility

Pam used to love her job. Her​ boss, Tina, was easy to communicate with and was very straightforward. Pam always knew where Tina​ stood, even if she​ didn't always agree with​ Tina's decisions. This​ week, Pam learned that Tina had retired and David had taken her place. Although David was quite politically adept and told a great​ joke, Pam and the rest of the team felt him to be disingenuous and never really understood what he wanted or how he wanted it done. By the end of the​ year, job satisfaction amongst the team had plummeted. Which stage of the conflict process is represented​ here?

socialization

The adaptation of employees to the culture within an organization is aided through the process of​ _______________.

1) the sender, (2) encoding, (3) the message, (4) the channel, (5) decoding, (6) the receiver, (7) noise, and (8) feedback

The key parts of the communication proces

divestiture

The local​ university's fraternity pledges are likely to go through which entry socialization​ option?

Functional

The members of the IT department have spent two days debating the best approach to roll out the new software update. After allowing each member of the department to voice his or her​ case, a decision was made that all the members could support. What type of conflict has the IT department​ experienced?

Intragroup

The​ framework, or​ locus, of conflict where the conflict occurs between groups or teams is considered​ ________________________ conflict.

Strong

Nordstrom employees know exactly what is expected of them. The​ company's core values are so widely held and shared that they provide great influence on all the employees.​ Nordstrom's culture is characterized as​ a(n) _______ culture.

instrumental

Organizational climates that foster​ individual-level successes that help their organizations thrive in competitive industries would likely be classified as​ ___________________ under the Ethical Climate Theory​ (ECT)?

selection

Organizational culture is sustained by which of the following​ forces?

Target Point

Which of the following concepts from distributive bargaining defines what an individual would like to achieve in a​ negotiation?

Culture dictates organizational structure and defines the appropriate management style to be used for various levels of employees

Which of the following is NOT a function of​ culture?

Potential Compatibility

Which of the following is NOT a stage in the conflict​ process?

Bargaining and negotiation

Which of the following is NOT a step in the negotiation​ process?

You see a house you love. You put in an offer, the owner counter-offers, and the two of you finally settle on a price.

Which of the following is an example of distributive​ bargaining?

language

Which of the following is used as a common denominator to unite members of a given​ culture?

Collaboration orientation

Which of the following organizational culture characteristics reflects the degree to which activities are organized around teams rather than​ individuals?

A movement toward more centralized organizations makes culture more important than ever, and easier than it had been in the past

Which of the following statements about culture is​ FALSE?

prearrival stage

Which stage of socialization focuses on individual values and​ expectations?

Compromise

Which strategy is harmful when trying to negotiate a​ win-win agreement?

Collaboration

You are a manager who has run into some conflict between two of your departments. Both departments are overworked and complaining that the other department has it easier. You need these departments to work together to come up with a solution and remain on good terms. Which conflict management strategy would be most​ effective?

Conciliator

You are acting to help resolve a conflict by creating a settlement. Both parties trust​ you, and you are acting as a communication link between the opponent and the negotiator. What​ third-party negotiation role does this best​ describe?

Arbitrator

You are acting to help resolve a conflict by creating a settlement. You have the power to dictate an agreement and force a resolution. What role are you acting​ as?

Benevolence, strong sense of purpose, trust and respect, and open-mindedness

You are an HR manager and you want to foster the enhancement of a spiritual organization. Which of the following would you say will differentiate spiritual organizations from their nonspiritual​ counterparts?

Nonverbal communication

deals with body movements, the intonations or emphasis we give to words, facial expressions, and the physical distance between the sender and receiver

Conflict

defined as a process that begins when one party perceives another party has or is about to negatively affect something the first party cares about

interactionist view of conflict

encourages conflict on the grounds that a harmonious, peaceful, tranquil, and cooperative group is prone to becoming static, apathetic, and unresponsive to needs for change and innovation

formal channels

established by the organization and transmit messages related to the professional activities of members

When communication takes place among members of the same work group, members of work groups at the same level, managers at the same level, or any other horizontally equivalent workers

lateral communication

Communication

provides for the emotional expression of feelings and fulfillment of social needs

Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement

BATNA in the negotiation process refers to the​ _________________________.

Preparation and Planning

BATNA is part of which step in the negotiation​ process?

transfer and understanding of meaning

Communication must include...

Motivation, emotional expression, and information

Communication serves four major functions within a group or organization

downward communication

Communication that flows from one level of a group or organization to a lower level

Competing

Margaret had been having issues with her​ co-worker Lupe for some time now. At​ first, she tried talking to her but things​ didn't improve​ Lupe's aggression.​ Finally, Margaret decided that the only way to stop​ Lupe's aggression was to report her to her supervisor and​ HR, even though she knew it would likely cost Lupe the promotion they were both going after.​ Margaret's intent appears to fall under what​ conflict-handling strategy?

Adhocracy

Maria's company operates in a dynamic environment with an external focus. The culture is based on change. She and her coworkers value growth and the stimulation that comes from change. She and her coworkers also appreciate the autonomy they have on the job.​ Maria's culture is likely classified as​ a(n) ____________________.

dysfunctional

Paul and Roberta were meeting with their team for what seemed like the 20th time in an attempt to come together on how the project should be done. Although some team members wanted to take a​ long-term approach to the​ solution, others thought a​ short-term approach would be best so the team could move on. Several fights had already broken out among the team and several members were barely speaking to each other outside of the team meetings. This would be considered which type of​ conflict?

Organizational climate

Perceptions about the organization and work environment that employees of that organization share are defined as the​ _______________.

Smoothing

Playing down differences while emphasizing common interests between the conflicting parties is known as which of the following​ conflict-resolution techniques?

rituals

Repetitive activities that reinforce the values of the organization are known as​ _________________.

metamorphosis

Stephanie has completed her​ six-month probationary period on the job. She is feeling very confident in her position and has gained the trust of her teammates. She has embraced the organizational culture and even recommended friends to apply. Which stage of the socialization process has Stephanie most recently​ completed?

It always results in a settlement

The big plus of arbitration over mediation is that​ ________.

spiritual

The culture of the ABC Company values kindness toward​ others, honesty and openness. Employees are encouraged to engage in flexible thinking. While profits are​ important, the​ company's mission statement has placed an emphasis on social responsibility and encourages employees to engage in socially responsible initiatives within the community. What type of organizational culture describes the ABC​ Company?

Felt Conflict

The daily conflict in the department has caused Mason to experience high levels of anxiety. He leaves work each day tense and frustrated. Mason is experiencing​ ________.

symbols

The presence or absence of individual offices within an organization would be considered an example of cultural​ ________________________.

Mediator

You have been retained by parties to a large​ labor-management negotiation. Both parties are eager to work together and settle the​ matter, but they also want to retain their​ decision-making power. Which of the following would be the most effective role for you to​ assume?

rituals

Your company has monthly luncheons that start with a big company​ chant, and then everyone sits and eats together. What is this an example​ of?

Perfect Communication

occurs when a thought or idea was transmitted so the receiver perceived exactly the same mental picture as the sender.