OB Test 4: Chapter 16

What is contraindicated with HIV/AIDS?

breastfeeding

How can HIV/AIDS be transported to the baby?

can pass the infection to her unborn child during pregnancy or childbirth or while breast-feeding.

What two things are used to determine fetal well being?

fetal activity count and nonstress test (NST)

_______ _________ is critical for the pregnant woman with any classification of diabetes.

fetal surveillance

Glucose levels are determined by

finger stick measurements and measuring glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C). Care also includes diet therapy and ongoing fetal surveillance

Care for the woman with pregestational diabetes includes

glycemia control to prevent or minimize fetal consequences from hyperglycemia.

Because iron supplements may predispose the woman to constipation, what teaching should be reinforced?

importance of adequate hydration, exercising regularly, and consuming plenty of fiber in her diet.

Nursing considerations for the pregnant woman with a sexually transmitted infection (STI)

include informing the woman about her risk for additional infections and need for protection, risk for fetal complications from the infection, and her treatment plan.

Nursing care for the woman who is a victim of intimate parter violence (IPV)

includes screening of all pregnant women to identify victims of IPV. Interventions are directed towards safety assessment and planning.

condition in which a woman enters pregnancy with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.

pregestational diabetes

Special concerns for the pregnant adolescent include

prenatal care, screening for domestic violence, anemia, preterm delivery, and preeclampsia-eclampsia.

What can chlamydia increase the risk of?

preterm labor

The main goal of treatment for the pregnant woman with heart disease

prevention and early detection of cardiac decompensation.

What is the best treatment for TORCH infections?

prevention of infection because many of the TORCH infections don't have effective treatment

a severe asthma attack that doesn't respond to treatment (such as bronchodilators), leads to hypoxemia (low O2 levels in the blood), hypercapnia (increased CO2 levels in the blood) and can lead to respiratory failure.

status asthmaticus

an emergency complication of epilepsy whereby seizure activity continues for 5-30 minutes or more or when three or more seizures occur without full recovery between seizures.

status epilepticus

Can the fetus contract HPV through contact with the vaginal secretions during birth?

Yes

What is done to observe for macrosomia?

monitoring fetal growth

Nursing interventions for the pregnant woman with diabetes include (4)

monitoring the therapeutic regimen and screening for maternal and fetal injury risk, the woman's risk for infection, and fetal macrosomia.

Gonorrhea increases the risk of (3)

(1) PID (2) early pregnancy loss (3) preterm labor

Interventions for avoiding a sickle cell crisis (3)

(1) maintaining adequate hydration (2) avoiding infection and stress (3) getting adequate rest

Nursing interventions for a pregnant woman with heart disease (4)

(1) monitoring activity levels (2) managing stress (3) diet modification (4) medication therapy

Phases of cycle of violence

1. Tension building phase 2. Explosion phase 3. Honeymoon phase

What is used to determine fetal lung maturity in the third trimester and may help determine the optimum time for delivery?

Amniocentesis

What medications treat gonorrhea?

Antibiotics

What does HPV do to the body?

Causes genital warts

What do the warts (HPV) do during pregnancy?

The warts have a tendency to increase in size during pregnancy and can lead to heavy bleeding during delivery.

a type of diabetes mellitus (DM) that is unique to pregnancy but in many respects mimics type 2 DM.

Gestational diabetes

What can a woman take before and throughout pregnancy to help prevent neural tube defects?

High dose folic acid supplements

What is prescribed to keep viral loads down during pregnancy with HIV/AIDS?

Highly active antiretroviral therapy

What medication is given to treat trichomoniasis?

Metronidazole given orally is the treatment of choice.

What are iron supplements taken with to increase absorption?

Orange juice/Vitamin C

The _________ of the woman with type 1 DM does not produce insulin, so she must receive insulin.

Pancreas

What is the goal of treatment for the woman with sickle cell anemia?

Preventing a crisis

TORCH infections

T - toxoplasmosis O - other (syphilis, hepatitis B, varicella, herpes zoster) R - rubella C - cytomegalovirus H - herpes

What supplementation during the last few weeks of pregnancy helps to prevent neonatal hemorrhage?

Vitamin K supplementation

an area on the body surface supplied by a particular sensory nerve.

dermatome

The three major classifications of diabetes in the pregnant woman

diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 and type 2 and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)

What is the cornerstone of therapy for GDM?

diet therapy

normal blood glucose levels

euglycemia

elevated blood glucose levels

hyperglycemia

increased insulin levels

hyperinsulinemia

blood glucose levels lower than normal

hypoglycemia

a condition that is diagnosed if the birth weight exceeds 4,500g (9.9) or the birth weight is greater than the 90th percentile for gestational age.

macrosomnia

excess levels of amniotic fluid

polyhydramnios

Key intervention for IPV victims

safety plan

What can a woman use to get insulin? (2)

self inject insulin or insulin pump

What can TORCH infections lead to?

serious fetal anomalies and other complications