OB/GYN Mock Exam

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Chorionic villi sampling is performed between which gestational weeks?

10-12

The yolk sac is no longer visible on ultrasound beginning in which gestational week?

12th

The fetal bladder should be visualized by the

13th gestational week

Normal endometrial thickness in a menarche patient should not exceed

14 mm

A genetic amniocentesis is routinely performed between which gestational weeks?

15-18

A competent cervical os measures a minimum of

2.0

When washing your hands, fingers should be scrubbed a minimum of

20 seconds

The third trimester begins in which gestational week?

26th

The proximal tibial epiphysis is visualized around the

35th

Implantation of the pregnancy occurs how many days after fertilization?

5-7

Precocious puberty demonstrates breast development in girls before

7 years of age

Which of the following is a normal cephalic index?

78%

During which gestational week does the embryo unfold?

8th

Formation of four individual heart chambers occurs by which gestational week?

8th

When a fetal heart rate is below how many beats per minute is termed as bradycardia?

90 beats per minute

Which of the following biometric measurements is the most difficult to obtain?

AC

Which two defects are characteristic of Pentalogy of Cantrell?

Abdominal wall defect and ectopia cordis

Which of the following is most likely associated with nonimmune fetal hydrops?

Anascaria

Which biometric measurement is the most accurate predictor of gestational age prior to 20 weeks?

BPD

Which of the following objectively assesses fetal well-being?

BPP

Macroglossia is a sonographic finding associated with

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Which of the following demonstrates a normal karyotype?

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

Estimation of fetal weight is more commonly calculated using a combination of which biometric measurements?

Biparietal diameter, femur length, and abdominal circumference

Cryptorchidism is associated with which of the following?

Eagle-Barrett syndrome

Hypotonic abdominal wall muscles are characteristic of which of the following?

Eagle-Barrett syndrome

Which chromosomal abnormality is associated with micrognathia?

Edward syndrome

Which of the following fetal presentations is at greatest risk for a prolapsed umbilical cord?

Footling breech

Which of the following is the typical sonographic description of an endometrioma?

Hypoechoic mass with thick, well-defined wall margins

A spectral display of the umbilical artery is useful when evaluating for

IUGR

Abdominal bloating is a clinical symptom of

Krukenberg tumors

Which portion of the fetal heart lies closest to the spine?

LA

Which of the following is an abnormal finding when using the transvaginal approach?

Lack of cardiac activity in an embryo measuring >7 mm

Documentation of an encephalocele is a sonographic finding linked with

Meckel-Gruber syndrome

Which of the following occurs during in in vitro fertilization?

Medication is administered to temporarily stop ovarian function

Which of the following is associated with Eagle-Barrett syndrome?

Megaureter

Which sonographic finding is associated with an arachnoid cyst?

Normal cerebellar vermis

Hirsutism, obesity, and irregular menses are clinical findings associated with

PCOS

Which of the following is a maternal cause of oligohydramnios?

Poor nutrition

Normal maternal alpha-fetoprotein levels are associated with which of the following?

Spina bifida occulta

The membrane attachment between a dichorionic-monoamniotic twin pregnancy creates a

T shape

Which of the following is most commonly associated with intrauterine growth restriction?

Velamentous cord

An umbilical cord cyst is associated with which of the following?

abdominal wall defects

Which of the following is the most widespread form of skeletal dysplasia?

achondroplasia

Which of the following is characterized by a mass of smooth muscle containing endometrial tissue and glands?

adenomyoma

Benign infiltration of endometrial tissue into the myometrium describes

adenomyosis

Discrete anechoic areas within the myometrium are sonographic findings associated with

adenomyosis

Elevated estrogen levels are associated with

adenomyosis

Striated edge shadowing is a sonographic finding with which of the following pathologies?

adenomyosis

A small amount of estrogen is produced by the

adrenal glands

Physiological herniation of the fetal bowel into the umbilical cord is abnormal

after 12 weeks gestation

Facial masks are used for protection from

airborne and droplet pathogen protection

On which anatomic surface does fusion of a conjoined twin gestation generally occur?

anterior

Masses within the vesicouterine pouch will displace the bladder

anteriorly

The inability to visualize an endometrial cavity is a sonographic finding associated with

asherman syndrome

Regeneration of the endometrial lining is a function of the

basal layer

An umbilical cord insertion into an end margin of the placenta is termed a

battledore placenta

Which of the following ligaments creates the retrouterine space?

broad

Paraovarian cysts are typically located in the

broad ligament

Which of the following is likely a sign of placenta maturity?

calcification

In an acardiac twin gestation, the normal twin may display

cardiac failure

Which of the following ligaments is a continuation of the broad ligament extending across the pelvic floor?

cardinal

Which is the first system to function in the embryo?

cardiovascular

In cases of alobar holoprosencephaly, which structure is rarely involved?

cerebellum

Which of the following is an airborne pathogen?

chicken pox

If the myometrium incompletely surrounds a gestational sac, the sonographer should evaluate for

cornual pregnancy

A cystic ovarian mass demonstrating peripheral hypervascularity is most likely a

corpus luteal cyst

Which sonographic finding is characteristic of Turner syndrome?

cystic hygroma

A complex adnexal mass superior to the uterine fundus is most likely a(n)

cystic teratoma

Tip of the Iceberg describes a classic sonographic appearance of a(n)

cystic teratoma

Which of the following ovarian neoplasms arises from the wall of a follicle?

cystic teratoma

Which of the following is a germ cell tumor?

dermoid

An organ defect resulting from the breakdown of previously normal tissue is termed a

disruption

Around the thirty-second gestational week the

distal femoral epiphysis is visualized.

Which fetal syndrome is associated with clinodactyly?

down

An increased distance between the first and second toes is associated with

down syndrome

Which portion of the fetal circulation allows oxygenated blood into the heart bypassing the liver?

ductus venosus

Cul-de-sac fluid reaches peak volume in the

early luteal phase

Sonographic findings of an early intrauterine pregnancy include

eccentric location of the gestational sac within the endometrium

Which of the following demonstrates a cranial defect?

encephalocele

The müllerian ducts are responsible for the development of the

endometrial cavity

Fixation of the ovaries to the posterior surface of the uterus should raise suspicion for

endometriosis

Retained products of conception can increase the risk for development of

endometritis

Absence of the fetal stomach on serial examinations is a classic sonographic finding with

esophageal atresia

Close monitoring of which of the following hormones occurs during ovulation induction therapy?

estradiol

Developing ovarian follicles produce which of the following hormones?

estrogen

Postmenopausal patients are at increased risk for developing a

fibroma

The endometrial cavity consists of a superficial

functional layer and a deep basal layer

A dominant 2.0-cm ovarian cyst in a menarche patient is most likely a

graffian follicle

Which of the following is a hormonal ovarian neoplasm?

granulosa cell tumors

Which of the following ovarian neoplasms is likely to increase estrogen levels?

granulosa cell tumors

A large hypoechoic midline pelvic mass in a premenarche adolescent is suggestive of

hematometra

The absence of the falx cerebri occurs in which of the following abnormalities?

holoprosencephaly

Which cranial anomaly is a common finding in cases of Trisomy 13?

holoprosencephaly

Dangling of the choroid plexus is a sonographic finding associated with

hydrocephalus

Fetal tachycardia is a complication of which of the following?

hydrops fetalis

In twin-twin transfusion, the receiving twin may acquire

hydrops fetalis

The endometrium in patients undergoing oral contraceptive therapy is expected to appear

hyperechoic and thin

Which of the following maternal factors plays a role in intrauterine growth restriction?

hypertension

Which of the following is most likely associated with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy?

hypotension

When the mother forms a corresponding antibody to the fetal blood, which of the following will likely occur?

immune hydrops

Risk factors for developing ovarian carcinoma include

infertility, nulliparity, high-fat diet

Which portion of the fallopian tube lies lateral to the ampulla?

infundibulum

When measuring a mean sac diameter the calipers should be placed from the

inner border to the inner border of the gestational sac

The junctional zone of the uterus is a term used to describe the

inner layer of the myometrium

The uterine arteries arise from the

internal iliac arteries

Where is a uterine fibroid most likely to develop?

intramural

A decrease in fetal liver size is associated with

intrauterine growth restriction

In cases of gastroschisis, the fetal insertion of the umbilical cord

is unaffected by the abdominal wall defect

Which portion of the uterus is termed the lower uterine segment during pregnancy?

isthmus

The endometrium is thinnest during which phase of the menstrual cycle?

late menstrual

Which of the following measurements determines cervical competence?

length

The vagina is enclosed between the

levator ani muscles

Which of the following converts the residual ruptured follicle into a corpus luteum?

luteinizing hormone

Which of the following hormones is essential in both males and females for reproduction?

luteinizing hormone

An organ defect resulting from an intrinsically abnormal development process is termed a

malformation

A third trimester fetus demonstrates abdominal calcifications and polyhydramnios. This is suggestive of

meconium peritonitis

The ovaries are generally located

medial to the external iliac vessels and anterior to the internal iliac vessels

Which of the following bests describes the term Mittelschmerz?

mid cycle pelvic pain

Which of the following is a possible cause for elevation in alpha-fetoprotein levels?

multifetal gestation

Which of the following terms describes the internal characteristics of a mass?

multilocular

High-resistant flow in an umbilical artery is a normal finding

near the placental insertion

Physiological herniation of fetal bowel into the umbilical cord is a(n)

normal finding prior to 13 weeks gestation

Which of the following is a risk factor associated with ovarian carcinoma?

nulliparity

Clinical findings associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome include

obesity, infertility, hirsutism

When measuring a biparietal diameter the calipers should be placed from the

outer margin of the upper cranium to the inner margin of the lower cranium

A coexisting adnexal mass is a common sonographic finding in cases of

ovarian torsion

Spaulding sign refers to which of the following?

overlapping of the cranial bones

What is the most common cause of female infertility?

ovulatory disorders

The cervix is anchored at the angle of the bladder by the

parametrium

The thick hyperechoic ring surrounding an early intrauterine pregnancy is composed of the decidua

parietalis and decidua capsularis

The surface region between the symphysis pubis and coccyx is termed the

perineum

Which of the following secretes luteinizing hormone?

pituitary gland

Which of the following abnormalities occurs only in male fetuses?

posterior urethral valve obstruction

Visualization of a cumulus oophorus signifies

probable ovulation

Preparing and maintaining the endometrium for implantation is a function of

progesterone

The corpus luteum produces

progesterone

When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum cyst regresses and

progesterone levels decrease

During the first trimester, the corpus luteum cyst secretes

progesterone prior to placental circulation

Attenuation of the sound wave is a finding associated with

pyosalpinx

Excessive stretching of which of the following ligaments can result in retroflexion of the uterus?

round

An obese menarche patient presents with a history of chronic anovulation. The ovaries are likely to appear

round and enlarged

A uterine fibroid that distorts the endometrium is located

submucosal

An intrauterine device should be placed in the region of the

superior corpus and fundus

Which ligament attaches the ovary to the pelvic sidewall?

suspensory

The prevesical space is located posterior to the

symphysis pubis

Completion of fetal organogenesis typically occurs by which gestational week?

tenth

Which of the following structures separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum?

tentorium

Which ovarian pathology is most likely to cause hyperemesis?

theca lutein cysts

An elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level is a clinical finding in which of the following?

theca lutien cysts

A hyperechoic ovarian mass demonstrating prominent posterior acoustic shadowing is a sonographic finding associated with a

thecoma

When the fetal spine is evaluated with ultrasound, the

transducer must remain perpendicular to the spinous elements

VACTERL demonstrates which of the following?

transesophageal fistula

Demonstration of clenched fetal fists is associated with

trisomy 18

Dramatic elevations in serum human chorionic gonadotropin are associated with

trophoblastic disease

A complex adnexal mass in a febrile patient is most likely a(n)

tubo-ovarian abscess

The recipient twin ultimately receives too much blood with

twin-twin syndrome

Lobar holoprosencephaly will likely demonstrate

two large lateral ventricles

Which of the following is the most common finding in multifetal gestations?

two vessel umbilical cord

he typical appearance of a dysgerminoma is described as a(n)

unilateral homogeneous ovarian mass

In postmenopausal patients undergoing hormone replacement therapy, the endometrial thickness

varies

The yolk sac is attached to the embryo by the

vitelline duct

Standard precautions should be used

with all patients


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