OB/GYN Mock Exam
Chorionic villi sampling is performed between which gestational weeks?
10-12
The yolk sac is no longer visible on ultrasound beginning in which gestational week?
12th
The fetal bladder should be visualized by the
13th gestational week
Normal endometrial thickness in a menarche patient should not exceed
14 mm
A genetic amniocentesis is routinely performed between which gestational weeks?
15-18
A competent cervical os measures a minimum of
2.0
When washing your hands, fingers should be scrubbed a minimum of
20 seconds
The third trimester begins in which gestational week?
26th
The proximal tibial epiphysis is visualized around the
35th
Implantation of the pregnancy occurs how many days after fertilization?
5-7
Precocious puberty demonstrates breast development in girls before
7 years of age
Which of the following is a normal cephalic index?
78%
During which gestational week does the embryo unfold?
8th
Formation of four individual heart chambers occurs by which gestational week?
8th
When a fetal heart rate is below how many beats per minute is termed as bradycardia?
90 beats per minute
Which of the following biometric measurements is the most difficult to obtain?
AC
Which two defects are characteristic of Pentalogy of Cantrell?
Abdominal wall defect and ectopia cordis
Which of the following is most likely associated with nonimmune fetal hydrops?
Anascaria
Which biometric measurement is the most accurate predictor of gestational age prior to 20 weeks?
BPD
Which of the following objectively assesses fetal well-being?
BPP
Macroglossia is a sonographic finding associated with
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Which of the following demonstrates a normal karyotype?
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome
Estimation of fetal weight is more commonly calculated using a combination of which biometric measurements?
Biparietal diameter, femur length, and abdominal circumference
Cryptorchidism is associated with which of the following?
Eagle-Barrett syndrome
Hypotonic abdominal wall muscles are characteristic of which of the following?
Eagle-Barrett syndrome
Which chromosomal abnormality is associated with micrognathia?
Edward syndrome
Which of the following fetal presentations is at greatest risk for a prolapsed umbilical cord?
Footling breech
Which of the following is the typical sonographic description of an endometrioma?
Hypoechoic mass with thick, well-defined wall margins
A spectral display of the umbilical artery is useful when evaluating for
IUGR
Abdominal bloating is a clinical symptom of
Krukenberg tumors
Which portion of the fetal heart lies closest to the spine?
LA
Which of the following is an abnormal finding when using the transvaginal approach?
Lack of cardiac activity in an embryo measuring >7 mm
Documentation of an encephalocele is a sonographic finding linked with
Meckel-Gruber syndrome
Which of the following occurs during in in vitro fertilization?
Medication is administered to temporarily stop ovarian function
Which of the following is associated with Eagle-Barrett syndrome?
Megaureter
Which sonographic finding is associated with an arachnoid cyst?
Normal cerebellar vermis
Hirsutism, obesity, and irregular menses are clinical findings associated with
PCOS
Which of the following is a maternal cause of oligohydramnios?
Poor nutrition
Normal maternal alpha-fetoprotein levels are associated with which of the following?
Spina bifida occulta
The membrane attachment between a dichorionic-monoamniotic twin pregnancy creates a
T shape
Which of the following is most commonly associated with intrauterine growth restriction?
Velamentous cord
An umbilical cord cyst is associated with which of the following?
abdominal wall defects
Which of the following is the most widespread form of skeletal dysplasia?
achondroplasia
Which of the following is characterized by a mass of smooth muscle containing endometrial tissue and glands?
adenomyoma
Benign infiltration of endometrial tissue into the myometrium describes
adenomyosis
Discrete anechoic areas within the myometrium are sonographic findings associated with
adenomyosis
Elevated estrogen levels are associated with
adenomyosis
Striated edge shadowing is a sonographic finding with which of the following pathologies?
adenomyosis
A small amount of estrogen is produced by the
adrenal glands
Physiological herniation of the fetal bowel into the umbilical cord is abnormal
after 12 weeks gestation
Facial masks are used for protection from
airborne and droplet pathogen protection
On which anatomic surface does fusion of a conjoined twin gestation generally occur?
anterior
Masses within the vesicouterine pouch will displace the bladder
anteriorly
The inability to visualize an endometrial cavity is a sonographic finding associated with
asherman syndrome
Regeneration of the endometrial lining is a function of the
basal layer
An umbilical cord insertion into an end margin of the placenta is termed a
battledore placenta
Which of the following ligaments creates the retrouterine space?
broad
Paraovarian cysts are typically located in the
broad ligament
Which of the following is likely a sign of placenta maturity?
calcification
In an acardiac twin gestation, the normal twin may display
cardiac failure
Which of the following ligaments is a continuation of the broad ligament extending across the pelvic floor?
cardinal
Which is the first system to function in the embryo?
cardiovascular
In cases of alobar holoprosencephaly, which structure is rarely involved?
cerebellum
Which of the following is an airborne pathogen?
chicken pox
If the myometrium incompletely surrounds a gestational sac, the sonographer should evaluate for
cornual pregnancy
A cystic ovarian mass demonstrating peripheral hypervascularity is most likely a
corpus luteal cyst
Which sonographic finding is characteristic of Turner syndrome?
cystic hygroma
A complex adnexal mass superior to the uterine fundus is most likely a(n)
cystic teratoma
Tip of the Iceberg describes a classic sonographic appearance of a(n)
cystic teratoma
Which of the following ovarian neoplasms arises from the wall of a follicle?
cystic teratoma
Which of the following is a germ cell tumor?
dermoid
An organ defect resulting from the breakdown of previously normal tissue is termed a
disruption
Around the thirty-second gestational week the
distal femoral epiphysis is visualized.
Which fetal syndrome is associated with clinodactyly?
down
An increased distance between the first and second toes is associated with
down syndrome
Which portion of the fetal circulation allows oxygenated blood into the heart bypassing the liver?
ductus venosus
Cul-de-sac fluid reaches peak volume in the
early luteal phase
Sonographic findings of an early intrauterine pregnancy include
eccentric location of the gestational sac within the endometrium
Which of the following demonstrates a cranial defect?
encephalocele
The müllerian ducts are responsible for the development of the
endometrial cavity
Fixation of the ovaries to the posterior surface of the uterus should raise suspicion for
endometriosis
Retained products of conception can increase the risk for development of
endometritis
Absence of the fetal stomach on serial examinations is a classic sonographic finding with
esophageal atresia
Close monitoring of which of the following hormones occurs during ovulation induction therapy?
estradiol
Developing ovarian follicles produce which of the following hormones?
estrogen
Postmenopausal patients are at increased risk for developing a
fibroma
The endometrial cavity consists of a superficial
functional layer and a deep basal layer
A dominant 2.0-cm ovarian cyst in a menarche patient is most likely a
graffian follicle
Which of the following is a hormonal ovarian neoplasm?
granulosa cell tumors
Which of the following ovarian neoplasms is likely to increase estrogen levels?
granulosa cell tumors
A large hypoechoic midline pelvic mass in a premenarche adolescent is suggestive of
hematometra
The absence of the falx cerebri occurs in which of the following abnormalities?
holoprosencephaly
Which cranial anomaly is a common finding in cases of Trisomy 13?
holoprosencephaly
Dangling of the choroid plexus is a sonographic finding associated with
hydrocephalus
Fetal tachycardia is a complication of which of the following?
hydrops fetalis
In twin-twin transfusion, the receiving twin may acquire
hydrops fetalis
The endometrium in patients undergoing oral contraceptive therapy is expected to appear
hyperechoic and thin
Which of the following maternal factors plays a role in intrauterine growth restriction?
hypertension
Which of the following is most likely associated with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy?
hypotension
When the mother forms a corresponding antibody to the fetal blood, which of the following will likely occur?
immune hydrops
Risk factors for developing ovarian carcinoma include
infertility, nulliparity, high-fat diet
Which portion of the fallopian tube lies lateral to the ampulla?
infundibulum
When measuring a mean sac diameter the calipers should be placed from the
inner border to the inner border of the gestational sac
The junctional zone of the uterus is a term used to describe the
inner layer of the myometrium
The uterine arteries arise from the
internal iliac arteries
Where is a uterine fibroid most likely to develop?
intramural
A decrease in fetal liver size is associated with
intrauterine growth restriction
In cases of gastroschisis, the fetal insertion of the umbilical cord
is unaffected by the abdominal wall defect
Which portion of the uterus is termed the lower uterine segment during pregnancy?
isthmus
The endometrium is thinnest during which phase of the menstrual cycle?
late menstrual
Which of the following measurements determines cervical competence?
length
The vagina is enclosed between the
levator ani muscles
Which of the following converts the residual ruptured follicle into a corpus luteum?
luteinizing hormone
Which of the following hormones is essential in both males and females for reproduction?
luteinizing hormone
An organ defect resulting from an intrinsically abnormal development process is termed a
malformation
A third trimester fetus demonstrates abdominal calcifications and polyhydramnios. This is suggestive of
meconium peritonitis
The ovaries are generally located
medial to the external iliac vessels and anterior to the internal iliac vessels
Which of the following bests describes the term Mittelschmerz?
mid cycle pelvic pain
Which of the following is a possible cause for elevation in alpha-fetoprotein levels?
multifetal gestation
Which of the following terms describes the internal characteristics of a mass?
multilocular
High-resistant flow in an umbilical artery is a normal finding
near the placental insertion
Physiological herniation of fetal bowel into the umbilical cord is a(n)
normal finding prior to 13 weeks gestation
Which of the following is a risk factor associated with ovarian carcinoma?
nulliparity
Clinical findings associated with polycystic ovarian syndrome include
obesity, infertility, hirsutism
When measuring a biparietal diameter the calipers should be placed from the
outer margin of the upper cranium to the inner margin of the lower cranium
A coexisting adnexal mass is a common sonographic finding in cases of
ovarian torsion
Spaulding sign refers to which of the following?
overlapping of the cranial bones
What is the most common cause of female infertility?
ovulatory disorders
The cervix is anchored at the angle of the bladder by the
parametrium
The thick hyperechoic ring surrounding an early intrauterine pregnancy is composed of the decidua
parietalis and decidua capsularis
The surface region between the symphysis pubis and coccyx is termed the
perineum
Which of the following secretes luteinizing hormone?
pituitary gland
Which of the following abnormalities occurs only in male fetuses?
posterior urethral valve obstruction
Visualization of a cumulus oophorus signifies
probable ovulation
Preparing and maintaining the endometrium for implantation is a function of
progesterone
The corpus luteum produces
progesterone
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum cyst regresses and
progesterone levels decrease
During the first trimester, the corpus luteum cyst secretes
progesterone prior to placental circulation
Attenuation of the sound wave is a finding associated with
pyosalpinx
Excessive stretching of which of the following ligaments can result in retroflexion of the uterus?
round
An obese menarche patient presents with a history of chronic anovulation. The ovaries are likely to appear
round and enlarged
A uterine fibroid that distorts the endometrium is located
submucosal
An intrauterine device should be placed in the region of the
superior corpus and fundus
Which ligament attaches the ovary to the pelvic sidewall?
suspensory
The prevesical space is located posterior to the
symphysis pubis
Completion of fetal organogenesis typically occurs by which gestational week?
tenth
Which of the following structures separates the cerebellum from the cerebrum?
tentorium
Which ovarian pathology is most likely to cause hyperemesis?
theca lutein cysts
An elevated human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) level is a clinical finding in which of the following?
theca lutien cysts
A hyperechoic ovarian mass demonstrating prominent posterior acoustic shadowing is a sonographic finding associated with a
thecoma
When the fetal spine is evaluated with ultrasound, the
transducer must remain perpendicular to the spinous elements
VACTERL demonstrates which of the following?
transesophageal fistula
Demonstration of clenched fetal fists is associated with
trisomy 18
Dramatic elevations in serum human chorionic gonadotropin are associated with
trophoblastic disease
A complex adnexal mass in a febrile patient is most likely a(n)
tubo-ovarian abscess
The recipient twin ultimately receives too much blood with
twin-twin syndrome
Lobar holoprosencephaly will likely demonstrate
two large lateral ventricles
Which of the following is the most common finding in multifetal gestations?
two vessel umbilical cord
he typical appearance of a dysgerminoma is described as a(n)
unilateral homogeneous ovarian mass
In postmenopausal patients undergoing hormone replacement therapy, the endometrial thickness
varies
The yolk sac is attached to the embryo by the
vitelline duct
Standard precautions should be used
with all patients
