Organizational Behavior: Chapter 5

Big Five

Extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, openness to experience.

approach-avoidance framework

Framework organizes traits and may help explain how they predict work behavior

______ is the most dominant factor in personality

Heredity

MBTI

Myers-briggs type indicator

Two frameworks

Situation Strength Trait Activation

Values

are the foundation for attitudes, motivation, and behavior

Personality traits

characteristics that describe and individual's behavior.

Approach motivation

our attention to positive stimuli

Avoidance motivation

our aversion to negative stimuli

The effect of particular traits on organization behavior depends on the ______

situation

Value Systems The hierarchy tends to be relatively __________

stable

self-monitoring

the ability to adjust oneself to a situation based on the context of the situation.

personality

the sum total of ways in which an individual reacts and interacts with others.

Situation strength theory

the way personality translates into behavior depends on the strength of the situation

Analyze situation strength in terms of

Clarity Consistency Constraints Consequences

Implications for Managers

Consider screening job candidates for high conscientiousness Use MBTI in training and development to help employees better understand themselves and team members, and facilitate communication Evaluate your employees' jobs, their work groups, and your organization to determine the optimal personality fit Take into account employees' situational factors when evaluating their observable personality traits, and lower the situation strength to better ascertain personality characteristics Take into consideration people's different cultures

Value Systems Represent a prioritizing of individual values by: (2)

Content - importance to the individual Intensity - relative importance with other values

Two frameworks for assessing culture:

Hofstede GLOBE

Proactive personality

Identifies opportunities, shows initiative, takes action, and perseveres

Dominant Personality Frameworks Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

Individuals are classified as: Extroverted or Introverted (E/I) Sensing or Intuitive (S/N) Thinking or Feeling (T/F) Judging or Perceiving (J/P)

Holland's Hexagon

Job satisfaction and turnover depend on congruency between personality and task People in jobs congruent with their personality should be more satisfied and less likely to voluntarily resign than people in incongruent tasks

Dark triad

Machiavelllianism, narcissism, psychopathy

Hofstede's Framework for Assessing Cultures

Power Distance Individualism vs. Collectivism Masculinity vs. Femininity Uncertainty Avoidance Long-term vs. Short-term Orientation

Values Influence perception and _______ objectivity

cloud

Core-self Evaluation

performance of positive individuals, vs. negative and how the differences allows for positives to be more effective and high achieving.

Trait activation theory

predicts that some situations, events, or interventions "activate" a trait more than others

Values

represent basic, enduring convictions that "a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence"