Oystrick APES final study guide
The largest area of old-growth forest in the United States is located in which state?
Alaska
competitive exclusion
Animals that have the same niche can't co-exsist in the same ecosystem
This pattern of change in vegetation is primarily the result of the great grasslands of the world follow what pattern?
Average temperature and precipitation
How does the burning of fossil fuels contribute to the net increase in atmospheric carbon?
Carbon that has been sequestered underground is added to the carbon cycling to the atmosphere and biosphere.
Which biome is most likely to be characterized by dry scrub with frequent fires?
Chaparral
NPP
GPP-Rp
The zone that has the greatest biodiversity is where?
Intertidal zone
Which biome is best characterized as an area that forms the narrow band along the coast that experiences a range of environmental conditions (including daily changes in sunlight, temperature, and water) ?
Intertidal zone
What is the zone of a pond or lake in which rooted, emergent plants such as cattails and rushes are located?
Littoral zone
GPP
NPP+Rp
What country has the largest area of temperate deciduous forest?
Russia
Why is agricultural production on floodplains often relatively high?
These deposits provide fertile soil for agricultural production.
parasitism example
Tick and dog, mosquito and human
Which zone is the one in which species are adapted to the lowest light and the highest pressure?
abyssal zone
Define turbidity
amount of suspended sediment
commensalism example
barnacles on whales and Birds nesting in trees
Why are phytoplankton most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water?
because sunlight does jot penetrate the depths of the ocean
mutualism example
bees and flowers
Intraspecific competition
competition between members of the same species
What is decreased by the breakdown of organic waste?
dissolved oxygen
Where is the majority of fresh water found on Earth?
glaciers
In Mediterranean climate regions like portions of California, a wetter-than-normal winter often leads to greater severity of fires the following summer. This seeming paradox occurs because increased rain leads to what?
greater accumulation of chaparral biomass
What is a measure of the amount of Ca2+ and Mg2+?
hardness
If an area that was once a pasture that has since undergone changes to a forest over time. What changes in the hydrologic cycle is most likely to occur as a result of the change in vegetation in the area?
increased infiltration
The zone that has the greatest biodiversity is where?
intertidal zone
Which of the following biogeochemical cycles is correctly paired with its largest reservoir?
nitrogen cycle
Cycles with gaseous phases
nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, and water
What is the best explanation for why there is such a small amount of phosphorus that moves into aquatic systems?
phosphorus cycle
The two major processes involved in the carbon cycle are what?
photosynthesis and respiration
The major biological source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean comes from what?
photosynthesis plankton
What are a characteristic of tropical rain forest soils?
rich in iron and aluminum oxides (red color) but with low natural fertility
The annual fluctuation in carbon dioxide concentration can best be explained by what?
seasonal rates of photosynthes
Resource partitioning
the differentiation of niches that enables similar species to coexist in a community
Which biome has the highest net primary productivity, in part because of consistently warm temperatures and abundant sunlight?
tropical rainforest
Which biome has an underlying subsoil that is permafrost, which prevents both water draining through and deep rooted plants from growing? Additionally, there is very little precipitation per year.
tundra
Which of the following best describes a symbiotic relationship? Exemplified by bees consuming nectar and carrying pollen from one flower to another Exemplified by moss growing on a tree trunk in a forest. Exemplified by starlings displacing bluebirds from nesting sites Exemplified by ticks feeding on a deer
2
Commensalism
A relationship between two organisms in which one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Parasitism
A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed
Mutualism
A relationship between two species in which both species benefit
