Patho Exam 2
A client presents to the ED reporting bilateral cyanosis and pallor of the fingers after being out in the cold weather for 5 minutes. The toes are of normal color. What is a potential diagnosis for this client?
Raynaud's disease
A client who is being seen in the outpatient clinic reports a single episode of unilateral arm and leg weakness and blurred vision that lasted approximately 45 minutes. The client is most likely experiencing:
TIA (transient ischemia attack)
What is the term used to identify a person's inability to experience pleasure in things that use to result in pleasure?
Anhedonia
Exudate in the pericardial cavity is a characteristic of which cardiac condition?
CHF (congestive heart failure)
Select the function of the occipital lobe.
Color, motion, and depth perception
The health care team is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with CHF. The primary treatment goal would be:
Improving quality of life by relieving symptoms
When will the nurse plan to assess a client's BP to confirm the possible diagnosis of orthostatic hypotension?
In the morning before arising from bed
The conjunctiva is extremely sensitive to irritation and inflammation. What are the common manifestations of a client with conjunctivitis?
Itching, scratching or burning sensation, foreign body sensation
A parent of a 14-year-old teen expresses concern over the late hours the teen keeps. Which response by the nurse best explains a possible etiology for the late hours?
The onset of puberty often lengthens the circadian rhythm, causing an increase in evening wakefulness
Which dysrhythmia is considered to be the most fatal and requires immediate treatment?
Ventricular fibrillation (VFIB)
The nurse is assessing a client said to be in sinus rhythm. What does the nurse expect to find when evaluating the ECG?
a rate between 60-100 beats per minute, a P for every QRS, and the R-R interval is constant
A client is brought to the emergency department and is diagnosed with an ischemic stroke confirmed by CT scan. The most important treatment for this client would be to:
administer TPA
Select the correct sequence of blood return to the heart.
capillaries, venules, veins, right atrium
The nurse is educating a client diagnosed with Meniere disease on lifestyle modifications to reduce the frequency and/or intensity of exacerbations. Which should the nurse include?
decrease dietary intake of sodium
The nurse knows that chronic pain lacks which of the characteristic pain-related reactions?
increased heart rate
Activation of the PNS has occurred. The nurse would assess the client for:
increased salvation, increased bowel motility
The nurse has just completed teaching a client about acyanotic congenital heart disease. The nurse determines that teaching was effective when the client states the blood is shunted to which part of the body?
left side of the heart to the right side of the heart
Which factor represents the amount of blood that the heart must pump with each beat and is determined by the stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers and the actions of the heart prior to cardiac contraction?
preload
A client has had an acute MI. The brother of the client has a history of angina. The client asks how he will know if his brother's pain is angina or if the brother is actually having a MI. Which statement is correct?
rest and intake of nitroglycerin relieve chest pain with angina but not with a MI
A client diagnosed with early MS will likely demonstrate which manifestations?
visual clouding, paresthesia, bladder dysfunction, fatigue
