Pedi Exam 3 Questions

A group of students are reviewing information about possible causes of cerebral palsy. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a postnatal cause?

Head trauma

The nurse is teaching the mother of an infant with a temporary ileostomy about stoma care. Which of the following is the most important instruction to emphasize to the mother to avoid an emergency situation?

"Call the doctor immediately if the stoma is not pink/red and moist."

The nurse is caring for a child recently fitted with braces on both legs due to cerebral palsy (CP). Which of the following would the nurse emphasize in the discharge teaching?

"Check the skin that is covered by the braces for redness and breakdown."

A child is prescribed glargine (Lantus) insulin. Which of the following would the nurse include when teaching the child and parents about this insulin?

"Do not mix this insulin with other insulins."

The nurse is teaching a 12-year-old girl with diabetes mellitus type 2 and her parents about dietary measures to control her glucose levels. Which comment by the child indicates a need for additional teaching?

"I can eat two small cookies with each meal."

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old boy with an umbilical hernia and is teaching the mother about this condition. Which of the following responses from the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

"I can tape a quarter over the hernia to reduce it."

The nurse is teaching the parents of a 3-year-old girl with diabetes insipidus how to administer desmopressin acetate (DDAVP). Which comment indicates further need for teaching?

"If she sneezes the medicine out of her nose, I wait until the next dose."

The nurse is caring for a newborn with facial nerve palsy from birth trauma. The mother is very upset and concerned about the child's prognosis. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"In most cases treatment is not necessary, only observation."

The nurse is preparing a 7-year-old girl for discharge after treatment for nephrotic syndrome. Which instructions would the nurse include in the discharge teaching plan for the parents?

"Let's meet with the dietitian and plan some meals."

The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old boy with myelomeningocele. The nurse is teaching the mother how to promote appropriate bowel elimination and avoid constipation. Which response from the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

"My son's activity is too limited to stimulate his bowels."

The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old with oral vesicles and ulcers from herpangina. The child is refusing fluids due to the pain and the mother is concerned about his hydration status. Which of the suggestions would be most appropriate?

"Offer 'magic mouthwash' followed by a popsicle."

The nurse is providing child and family education prior to discharge following a cardiac catheterization. The nurse is teaching about signs and symptoms of complications. Which statement by the mother indicates a need for further teaching?

"The feeling of the heart skipping a beat is common."

The nurse is teaching a 9-year-old girl with diabetes mellitus type 1 and her parents about blood glucose monitoring. Which comment indicates a need for additional teaching?

"The normal level for her is 70 to 110 mg/dL before meals."

After teaching the parents of a 6-year-old child about caring for a sprained wrist, which statement by the parents indicates the need for additional teaching?

"We'll apply a warm moist compress to the wrist for 20 minutes at a time."

The nurse is providing care to a child who has had an appendectomy for a perforated appendix. The nurse would anticipate intravenous antibiotic therapy for which time frame?

7-14 days

The nurse is assessing the blood pressure of a toddler. Which finding would the nurse document as a normal finding?

90/64 mm Hg

The nurse is caring for an 8-month-old in Bryant traction for developmental dysplasia of the hip and is monitoring for complications. Which assessment finding would alert the nurse to a possible complication?

A weak pedal pulse

The nurse is assessing a child diagnosed with nephritic syndrome and observes generalized edema. The nurse documents this as which of the following?

Anasarca

The parents of a child who was diagnosed with diabetes insipidus ask the nurse, "How does this disorder occur?" When responding to the parents, the nurse integrates knowledge that a deficiency of which hormone is involved?

Antidiuretic hormone

The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old boy with Russell traction applied to his left leg. Which intervention would be most appropriate to prevent complications?

Assess the popliteal region carefully for skin breakdown.

The nurse is caring for orthopedic children who are in the postoperative period following spinal fusion. What is the most appropriate activity to delegate to unlicensed assistive personnel?

Assist with log rolling the children every 2 hours.

A nurse is performing a physical examination of a child with a suspected fracture. Which assessment technique would the nurse be least likely to use?

Auscultation

After teaching a group of students about medications commonly used for neuromuscular disorders, the nursing instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which agent as a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant?

Baclofen

A child is diagnosed with intussusception. The nurse anticipates that which of the following would be attempted first to reduce this condition?

Barium enema

The nurse is taking a health history of a 2-year-old girl presenting with a sudden onset of severe vomiting. Which of the following descriptions would suggest an obstruction distal to the ampulla of Vater?

Bilious vomiting

A group of nursing students are reviewing the variations in the genitourinary system in children as compared with adults. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following?

Bladder capacity reaches adult capacity by age 1 year.

The nurse is caring for a 14 year old boy with type 1 DM. He takes NPS insulin every morning at 7:30. Which assessment data will the nurse use to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of this medication?

Blood glucose level at 1630

A 6-year-old girl had a cardiac catheterization at 9 a.m. At 11 a.m. the nurse notes hypotension as compared to baseline. Based on this assessment finding, which of the following would the nurse do first?

Check the insertion site.

The nurse is assessing a child with aortic stenosis. Which of the following would the nurse most likely assess? Select all that apply.

Chest pain with activity, Dizziness with prolonged standing, Thrill palpated at base of heart

The nurse knows that the heads of infants and toddlers are large in proportion to their bodies, placing them at risk for which of the following?

Closed head injury

A group of nursing students are reviewing information about celiac disease. The students demonstrate understanding of this disorder when they identify which of the following as classic symptoms? Select all that apply.

Constipation, steatorrhea, failure to thrive, diarrhea

The nurse is implementing the plan of care for a child with acute rheumatic fever. Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer if ordered? Select all that apply.

Corticosteroids, Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Penicillin

The nurse is reviewing the health history and physical examination of a child diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Crackles on lung auscultation, Shortness of breath when playing, Tiring easily when eating

A child is to undergo testing for suspected muscular dystrophy and is scheduled for the following tests. Which test would the nurse identify as most important to be completed first?

Creatine kinase

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old girl with atrial fibrillation. Which medication would the nurse expect to be prescribed?

Digoxin

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old girl recently fitted with a cast on her wrist. Which assessment finding would alert the nurse to a possible infection?

Drainage on the cast

During the physical assessment of a 2r-month-old infant, the nurse suspects the child may have hydrocephalus. Which of the following signs or symptoms was observed?

Dramatic increase in head circumference

The nurse and an adolescent are reviewing the adolescent's record of her headaches and activities surrounding them. Which of the following would the nurse identify as a possible trigger?

Drinking three cans of diet cola

The nurse is evaluating a parents understanding of a treatment for torticollis. Which response best indicates that the parent understands the appropriate treatment?

Encourages the infant to turn the head of the unaffected side.

A child is diagnosed with aseptic meningitis. The child's mother states, "I don't know where she would have picked this up." The nurse prepares to respond to the mother, based on the understanding that this disorder is most likely caused by which of the following?

Enterovirus

The nurse is caring for an active 11-year-old presenting with tenderness in the shoulder. He is the pitcher for his baseball team and complains of shoulder pain with active internal rotation but is able to continue past the pain with full range of motion. Based on these reported symptoms, the nurse is aware that the disorder is most likely which of the following?

Epiphysiolysis of the proximal humerus

The nurse is assessing an infant for peripheral edema. Based on the nurse's knowledge, the nurse would expect edema to occur in which area first?

Face

After assessing a child, the nurse suspects coarctation of the aorta based on which of the following?

Femoral pulse weaker than brachial pulse

A mother brings her 6 month old infant to the clinic. The child has been vomiting since early morning and has had diarrhea since the day before. His temperature is 38C, pulse 140, and RR 38. He has lost 6 ounces since his well child visit 4 days ago. He cries before passing a bowel movement. He will not breastfeed today. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?

Fluid volume deficit related to excessive losses and inadequate intake.

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a health fair focusing on prevention of congenital neuromuscular disorders. Which of the following would the nurse emphasize as most important in preventing neural tube defects?

Folic acid supplementation

A nurse is providing care to a child with status epilepticus. Which medications would the nurse identify as appropriate to give in this situation? Select all that apply.

Fosphenytoin, Diazepam, Lorazepam

A 7 year old child with cerebral palsy has been admitted to the hospital. Which information is most important for the nurse to obtain in the history?

Functional status related to eating and mobility

When monitoring the blood glucose level of a 12 year old child with type 2 DM, your reading is 50 mg/dl. Which is the most appropriate action?

Give the child 4 oz of orange juice.

A child is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess?

Heat intolerance

The nurse is assessing a child with spastic cerebral palsy. Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess? Select all that apply.

Hemiplegia, poor control of balance, exaggerated deep tendon reflexes, hypertonicity

A 7-year-old boy is suspected of having transient synovitis of the hip. Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess? Select all that apply.

History of recent otitis media, Pain worse in the morning on arising, Complaint of acute onset of moderate pain

The nurse is caring for a 2 year old with myelomeningocele. When teaching about care related to neurogenic bladder, what response by the parent would indicate that additional teaching is required?

I know it will be important for me to catheterize my child for the rest of her life.

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to an adolescent who has been treated for pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Which of the following would the nurse include as a preventive measure?

Insisting that sexual partners use condoms

A 6-month-old infant is admitted with suspected bacterial meningitis. She is crying, irritable, and lying in the opisthotonic position. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take initially?

Institute droplet precautions in addition to standard precautions.

A child with cirrhosis of the liver is admitted to the acute care facility in preparation for a liver transplant. When completing the physical examination, which of the following would the nurse expect to assess? Select all that apply.

Jaundice, Ascites, Spider angiomas

An infant with a femur fracture is placed in Bryant traction. Which of the following would the nurse include in the infant's plan of care?

Keeping the buttocks slightly elevated

The nurse is caring for a neonate who has undergone an intestinal pull-through procedure for an imperforate anus. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to do postoperatively?

Listening for bowel sounds

The nurse is caring for a child with rickets. Which diagnostic test result would the nurse expect to find in the child's medical record?

Low serum calcium levels

A group of students are reviewing information about oral diabetic agents. The students demonstrate understanding of these agents when they identify which agent as reducing glucose production from the liver?

Metformin

While observing a child, the nurse notes that the child's arms and legs are extended and pronated. The nurse interprets this as indicating damage to which of the following?

Midbrain

While obtaining a history from a 15-year-old girl, the girl tells the nurse that she often experiences cramping abdominal pain about the middle of her menstrual cycle. The nurse documents this as which of the following?

Mittelschmerz

What is the priority nursing intervention for the child recently admitted with guillain-Barre syndrome?

Monitor respiratory status closely

The nurse is caring for a 13-year-old girl with delayed puberty. When developing the plan of care for this child, which of the following would be the priority?

Monitoring for therapeutic and side effects of medication

During a well child examination which of the following comments made by the parent would indicate the possibility of a growth hormone deficiency?

My child wears out his clothes before he outgrows them.

A 3 day old infant presenting with physiologic jaundice is hospitalized and placed under phototherapy. Which response indicates to the nurse that the parent needs more teaching?

My infant has a serious liver disease.

The nurse is taking a history from an adolescent girl with suspected pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). What data will be most helpful in determining this girl's risk factors for PID?

Number of sexual partners

A nursing instructor is preparing a class presentation about tibia vara. Which of the following would the instructor include as a risk factor?

Obesity

The nurse is assessing a 5-year-old boy who has had several convulsions. The nurse continues to assess the child and suspects that he may have hypoparathyroidism. Which of the following would support this suspicion?

Observation reveals tetany.

When developing a teaching plan for the parents of a child diagnosed with tricuspid atresia, the nurse would integrate knowledge of which of the following as the major mechanism involved?

Obstruction of blood flow to the lungs

A nurse is conducting a physical examination of a 5-year-old boy with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 2. What assessment findings would the nurse expect to find?

Pectus excavatum

The nurse is examining a 7-year-old with suspected appendicitis. Which of the following physical findings would indicate the possibility of appendicitis?

Persistent, right lower quadrant pain with rebound tenderness

The nurse is caring for an infant with a myelomeningocele who has paralysis of the lower extremities. Which action would be most appropriate to help reduce friction resulting from this paralysis?

Place a folded diaper in between the legs.

A 3month old infant prevents with a history of vomiting after feeding. The plan for the infant is to rule out GER. What information from the history would lead the nurse to believe that this infant may need further intervention?

Poor weight gain

A boy with duchenne muscular dystrophy is admitted to the pediatric unit. He has an ineffective cough. Lung auscultation reveals diminished breath sounds. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Position for adequate airway clearance.

A 10 year old child is admitted to the hospital due to history of seizure activity. As his nurse you are called into the room by his mother, who states he is having a seizure. What would be the priority nursing intervention?

Prevention of injury by placing the child on his side and opening the airway

A child presents with a 2-day history of fever, abdominal pain, occasional vomiting, and decreased oral intake. Which finding would the nurse prioritize for immediate reporting to the physician?

Rebound tenderness and abdominal guarding.

The nurse is taking a health history of a 6-year-old girl with suspected dermatomyositis. During the physical examination, which of the following would help confirm the nurse's suspicions?

Red-purple rash on upper eyelids, knuckles, elbows, and knees

A child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department and diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer?

Regular insulin

When providing care to a child with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which nursing diagnosis would be the priority?

Risk for infection

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old boy in Buck traction for a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE). Which of the following would the nurse include when completing a neurovascular assessment of the affected leg? Select all that apply.

Sensation, Pulse, Capillary Refill, Color

The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old with Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS). Which of the following would be the most effective intervention to monitor for respiratory deterioration?

Serial measurement of tidal volume

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old boy with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) with metabolic acidosis. Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer if ordered?

Sodium bicarbonate tablets

The nurse assesses a child for clubbing. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the initial sign?

Softening of the nail beds

A 4 year old girl presents with recurrent UTI. a prior workup did not reveal any urinary tract abnormalities. What is the priority nursing action?

Teach appropriate toiliteing hygiene.

A 9-year-old boy is suffering from headaches but has no signs of physical or neurologic illness. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriate?

Teach the child and his parents to keep a headache diary.

The nurse is caring for 1-month-old girl with thyrotoxicosis. Which of the following would the nurse expect to assess?

The child has a strong appetite but fails to thrive.

The nurse is assessing a 5-year-old boy whose mother says he has been vomiting lately and has no appetite. Which of the following would the nurse identify as unique to diabetes mellitus type 1?

The child has lost weight recently.

The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl who was in a car accident. Which of the following would lead the nurse to suspect a concussion?

The child is easily distracted and can't concentrate.

The nurse is caring for a 6-month-old girl with diarrhea and dehydration. The mother is concerned because the girl has some patches on her tongue. Which of the following features indicates a geographic tongue rather than thrush?

The patches are light in color on the tongue.

After a difficult birth, the nurse observes that a newborn has swelling on part of his head. The nurse suspects caput succedaneum based on which of the following?

The swelling crosses the midline of the infant's scalp.

A nurse is conducting a physical examination on an 11-year-old boy with Legg-Calve-Perthes disease. Which assessment finding would be expected?

Trendelenburg gait

The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old boy with a fracture of the humerus. His chart indicates "fracture is partially through the physis extending into the metaphysis." The nurse identifies this as which Salter-Harris classification?

Type II

While assessing a child with end-stage renal disease, the nurse notes a decreasing level of consciousness. The nurse interprets this finding as resulting from which of the following?

Uremia

A young mother brings her new baby, diagnosed with congenital hyperthyroidism to the clinic so she can learn how to administer levothyroine. The nurse should include which of the following instruction?

Use an oral dispenser syringe or nipple to give the crushed medication mixed with a small amount of formula.

A child is diagnosed with short bowel syndrome. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be included in the child's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Vitamin supplements, antibiotics, total parenteral nutrition

The nurse is performing education for the parents of an infant with bladder exstrophy. Which statement by the parents would indicate an understanding of the childs future care?

We will need to care for the urinary diversion

The nurse has administered oral penicillin as ordered for prophylaxis of endocarditis. The nurse instructs the parents to immediately report which of the following reactions?

Wheezing

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old girl with suspected vulvovaginitis. The nurse suspects the cause as Candida albicans based on which finding?

White cottage cheese:like discharge

A nurse is providing information to the parents of a child diagnosed with absence seizures. Which of the following would the nurse expect to include when describing this type of seizure? Select all that apply.

You might see a blank facial expression after a sudden stoppage of speech., This type of seizure is usually short, lasting usually for no more than 30 seconds., This type of seizure is more common in girls than it is in boys., You might have mistaken this type of seizure for lack of attention.

At a well child visit, hydrocephalus may be suspected in an infant if upon assessment the nurse finds...

a rapid increase in head circumference

The nurse is caring for a child after a cardiac catheterization. What is the nursing priority?

assess extremity detail to the insertion site for temperature and color

A child with a history of diabetes insipidus has been taking vasopressin. The parents bring the child to the clinic for an evaluation. During the visit, the parents mention that it seems like their son is hardly urinating. The nurse suspects syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find to help confirm this condition? Select all that apply.

decreased serum sodium level, urine specific gravity 1.033, serum osmolality 300 mosm/kg

The nurse is using the pediatric Glasgow Coma Scale to assess a child's level of consciousness. Which of the following would the nurse assess? Select all that apply.

eye opening, verbal response, motor response

The nurse determines that a child is experiencing late signs of increased intracranial pressure based on assessment of which of the following? Select all that apply

fixed dilated pupils, irregular respirations, bradycardia

A 2 day old infant was just diagnosed with aortic stenosis. What is the most likely nursing assessment finding?

heart murmur

A 6 month old infant is admitted to the hospital with suspected bacterial meningitis. She is crying, irritable, and lying in the opisthotonos position. The priority nursing intervention would be

initiate appropriate isolation precautions and begin intravenous antibiotics.

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a child with a cleft lip and palate. When reviewing the child's history, which of the following would the nurse identify as a risk factor for this condition?

mother age 42 with pregnancy

The nurse is caring for a 5 year old child with a congenital heart anomaly causing chronic cyanosis. When performing the history and physical examination, what is the nurse least likely to assess?

obesity form overeating

While assessing a 4 month old infant, the nurse notes that the baby experiences a hyper cyanotic spell. What is the priority nursing action?

place the infant in a knee to chest position.

Sam, age 11 has a diagnosis of rheumatic fever and has missed school for a week. What is the most likely cause of this problem?

previous streptococcal throat infection

A nurse is preparing a plan of care for an infant who has undergone surgery to repair a myelomeningocele. The nurse would include placing the infant in which position postoperatively? Select all that apply.

prone, left side lying, right side lying

When compared with adults, why are infants and children at an increased risk for head trauma?

the head of the infant and young child is large in portion to the body and the neck muscles are not developed

When the nurse is caring for a child with hemolyticuremic syndrome or acute glomeruolnephritis and the child is not yet toilet trained, which action by the nurse would best determine fluid retention?

weigh the child daily.

The nurse is caring for a 5-month-old boy with an undescended left testis. Which of the following would the nurse identify as indicative of true cryptorchidism?

Testis cannot be "milked" down inguinal canal

The nurse is assessing an 8-year-old boy who is performing at the second-grade level, complains of feeling tired and weak, and is only 45 inches tall. Which of the following findings would be specific to hypothyroidism?

The child complains that the exam room is cold.

A 6-year-old has had a viral infection for the past 5 days and is now having severe vomiting, confusion, and irritability, although he is now afebrile. During the assessment, the nurse should ask the parent which of the following questions?

"Did you use any medications like aspirin for the fever?"

A nurse is assessing an adolescent who comes to the clinic for a follow-up. During the history, the adolescent tells the nurse that she often experiences pain with her menstrual periods. When gathering additional information, which question would be most appropriate for the nurse to ask?

"Do you have any nausea or vomiting when you have the pain?"

A 15-year-old adolescent is scheduled for a pelvic ultrasound to evaluate for a possible ovarian cyst. Which instruction by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Drink plenty of fluids because you need to have a full bladder."

The mother of a newborn with a caput succedaneum asks the nurse how this happened to her baby. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"During delivery, your vaginal wall put pressure on the baby's head."

The nurse is preparing an 18-month-old for discharge after treatment for dehydration following diarrhea. Which of the following would the nurse most likely include in the discharge teaching?

"Encourage bananas, applesauce, and crackers."

The nurse is taking a health history of a 6-week-old boy with a suspected cardiovascular disorder. Which of the following responses by the mother would lead the nurse to suspect that the child is experiencing heart failure?

"He gets sweaty when he eats."

The nurse is taking a health history of a toddler with a suspected congenital heart defect. Which of the following responses by the mother could indicate that the child is experiencing hypercyanotic spells?

"He likes to stop and squat wherever he walks."

A nurse is taking the history of a 4-year-old boy who will undergo a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following statements by his mother may necessitate rescheduling of the procedure?

"He seems listless and slightly warm."

The nurse is caring for an infant with grade II vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The mother is very fearful that her child will have progressive renal damage. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"This condition usually resolves spontaneously with no symptoms."

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a 2-year-old boy with hydrocephalus who has just had a ventriculoperitoneal shunt placed. Which information is most important for the parents to be taught?

"Watch for changes in his behavior or eating patterns."

A child is experiencing an acute exacerbation of Crohn disease for which she is prescribed prednisone. The nurse teaches the parents and child about this medication. Which statement by the parents indicates that the teaching was successful?

"We should not stop this medication abruptly."

The nurse is conducting a routine wellness examination of a 13-year-old girl. Which question would be best to use when beginning to discuss her sexual behavior?

"What do you like to do on the weekend?"

The nurse is teaching the parents of a female child with a myelomeningocele how to perform clean intermittent catheterization. The nurse determines that the teaching was effective when the parents return demonstrate the procedure and state which of the following?

"When the urine stops flowing, we should press on the lower belly to ensure the bladder is empty."

An 8-year-old child is scheduled for an exercise stress test. Which instruction would be most important for the nurse to emphasize?

"You need to report any symptoms you are having during the test."

A group of students are reviewing information about bone healing in children. The students demonstrate understanding of this information when they identify which of the following?

A child's bones heal more quickly than those of an adult.

The nurse is conducting a physical examination of an 18-month-old with suspected intussusception. Which of the following findings would the nurse identify as the hallmark of this condition?

A sausage-shaped mass in the upper midabdomen

When assessing a child with hydronephrosis, which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Abdominal Mass, Intermittent hematuria

The nurse is assessing a child with suspected necrotizing enterocolitis. Which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Abdominal distention, bilious vomiting

The nurse is caring for an infant boy with grade IV vesicoureteral reflux. Which finding would lead the nurse to suspect that hydronephrosis is present?

Abdominal mass

The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old boy with hyperpituitarism. Which of the following would be the priority?

Administering octreotide acetate as ordered

The nurse is developing a teaching plan for the parents of an 11-month-old infant with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The child will be managed medically. Which of the following would the nurse incorporate into the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

Administering prokinetics to empty the stomach quickly Keeping the child upright for 30 minutes after feeding Giving the child small frequent feedings

A group of students are reviewing information about the skeletal development in children. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify that ossification is complete by what age?

Adolescence

A 9-year old child is scheduled for a computed tomography with contrast medium. Which of the following would be most important for the nurse to assess?

Allergies

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl with a suspected heart arrhythmia. The nurse would expect to prepare the child for which test to identify and quantitate the arrhythmia?

Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring

The nurse is to obtain a stool specimen from a 4-year-old child who has very liquid stool. The child is ambulatory but weak. Which collection method would be most effective for the nurse to use?

Apply a urine bag to the anal area.

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old boy following a cardiac catheterization. Four hours after the procedure, the nurse notes some minor bleeding at the site. Which action would be most appropriate?

Apply pressure 1 inch above the site.

The nurse is caring for a child who has had diarrhea and vomiting for the past several days. What is the priority nursing assessment?

Assess circulation and perfusion

The nurse assesses a child and finds that the child's pupils are pinpoint. The nurse interprets this finding as indicating which of the following?

Brain stem dysfunction

A group of students are reviewing information about delayed puberty in preparation for a class discussion. The students demonstrate understanding of this condition when they describe which of the following as occurring in girls?

Breast development has not occurred by age 13.

A newborn exhibits significant jittery movements, convulsions, and apnea. Hypoparathyroidism is suspected. Which of the following would the nurse expect to be administered?

Calcium gluconate

The nurse is caring for an 8-month-old boy presenting with poor feeding, listlessness, and a weak cry. What assessment finding would lead the nurse to suspect a diagnosis of botulism?

Diminished gag reflex

A child with a primary growth hormone deficiency is to receive biosynthetic growth hormone. The nurse would explain to the child and parents that this hormone would be given at which frequency?

Daily

A 15-year-old girl is brought to the clinic by her mother because the girl has been experiencing irregular and sporadic menstrual periods and excessive body hair growth. Polycystic ovary syndrome is suspected. Which additional assessment finding would help to support this suspicion?

Darkened pigmentation around the neck area

The nurse is assessing a child with spina bifida occulta. During the assessment, the parents say, "It's going to be so difficult taking care of our child. He'll never be able to walk." The nurse identifies which nursing diagnosis as the priority?

Deficient knowledge related to diagnosis and condition

A child is scheduled for a urea breath test. The nurse understands that this test is being performed for which reason?

Detect Helicobacter pylori

A child with cerebral palsy is referred for physical therapy. When describing the rationale for this therapy, the nurse would emphasize which of the following as the primary goal?

Development of gross motor movement

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl in traction. The girl is experiencing muscle spasms associated with the traction. Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer if ordered?

Diazepam

A 5 year old who had a renal transplant 9 months ago and has no history of chickenpox presents to the pediatric clinic for his vaccinations. Which is the most appropriate set to give?

Dtap, IPV

The nurse is caring for a child with cerebral palsy who requires a wheelchair to attain mobility. Which intervention would help the child achieve a sense of normality?

Encourage after school activities within the limits of the childs abilities.

The nurse is providing education related to use of a brace that the orthopedic surgeon has ordered as treatment for idiopathic scoliosis in an adolescent girl. Which statement by the teen best indicates an understanding of the appropriate use of the brace?

I will take my brace off for only 1 hour per day, for showering.

The nurse is caring for a child with a fractured left femur who has been in a skeletal traction for several days. Upon assessment, she notes that the left foot is pale, with a non palpable pedal pulse. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Immediately notify the physician or nurse practitioner of this abnormal finding.

When assessing a neonate for seizures, which of the following would the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply.

Ocular deviation, tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, jitteriness

The parents of an 8-year-old child with nocturnal enuresis bring the child to the clinic for a follow-up. History reveals that the parents have tried numerous behavioral and motivational therapies without success. The nurse anticipates medication therapy. Which agents would the nurse identify as being used?

Oxybutynin, Imipramine, Desmopressin

The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child with a congenital heart defect. To best relieve a hypercyanotic spell, what action would be the priority?

Place the child in a knee-to-chest position.

When developing the preoperative plan of care for an infant with bladder exstrophy, which of the following would the nurse least likely include?

Placing the infant in a side-lying position

A 5-year-old child with acute renal failure develops hyperkalemia. Which of the following would the nurse expect to administer?

Polystyrene sulfonate

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a child who has sustained a fracture. Documentation reveals a bowing deformity. The nurse interprets this fracture as which of the following?

Significant bending without actual breaking

A nurse is developing a teaching plan for the parents of a child with myasthenia gravis. Which of the following would the nurse include?

Signs and symptoms of infection, How to administer anticholinergic drugs, Stress management techniques, Establishment of plans for rest periods

The nurse is caring for a 2-month-old boy who is receiving IV fluids for dehydration due to gastroenteritis. The infant's initial fluid balance has been restored and the physician has ordered IV fluids at a maintenance rate. Due to the child's age, the nurse must be aware of which of the following key observations?

Signs of skin tenting

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old boy with cerebral palsy (CP). The medical record indicates "hypertonicity and permanent contractures affecting both extremities on one side." Based on these findings, the nurse identifies this type of CP as which of the following?

Spastic hemiplegia

The nurse is taking a health history of a 12-year-old boy presenting with scrotal pain. Which assessment finding would indicate testicular torsion?

Sudden onset of severe scrotal pain with significant hemorrhagic swelling

A nurse is assessing an infant who has been vomiting and experiencing diarrhea. Which of the following would indicate to the nurse that the infant is experiencing severe dehydration? Select all that apply.

Sunken fontanels, bradycardia, cool mottled extremities

A nurse is assessing a newborn and observes webbing of the fingers and toes. The nurse documents this finding as which of the following?

Syndactyly

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old girl with myasthenia gravis. The nurse suspects myasthenic crisis based on which of the following?

Tachycardia

A mother has brought her 5-month-old son to the clinic because he has been drowsy and unresponsive. The child has hydrocephalus and had a shunt placed about a month previously. Which of the following symptoms indicate that the shunt is infected?

The child is not responding or eating well.

After a cardiac catheterization, the nurse monitors the child's fluid balance closely based on the understanding of which of the following?

The contrast material used has a diuretic effect.

A nursing instructor is preparing for a class about the structural and functional differences in the cardiovascular system of infants and children as compared to adults. Which of the following would the instructor include in the class discussion?

The heart's apex is higher in the chest in children younger than the age of 7 years.

The nurse is educating the parents of an infant after a circumcision. The parents demonstrate understanding when they state that they need to report which of the following to the physician?

The infant does not urinate within 6 to 8 hours

The nurse is educating the parents of a 7-year-old girl with epilepsy about managing treatment of the disorder at home. Which of the following interventions is most effective for eliminating breakthrough seizures?

Understanding the side effects of medications

The emergency department nurse is caring for a 3-year-old girl with an arm injury. The mother is very upset because she believes she broke her daughter's arm. "I was lifting her by her hands and felt a pop in her wrist. She instantly started screaming." The child is now guarding and refusing to move her arm. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Her arm isn't broken. This injury is common and easily fixed with no complications."

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of several children who have come to the clinic for evaluation. Which child would the nurse identify as having the least risk for hyperlipidemia?

Child A with a total cholesterol of 150 mg/dL and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) of 80 mg/dL.

After teaching a group of students about neural tube disorders, the instructor determines that additional teaching is needed when the students identify which of the following as a neural tube defect?

Arnold-Chiari malformation

A group of nursing students are reviewing cerebral vascular disorders and risk factors in children. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as a risk factor for hemorrhagic stroke?

Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)

A group of students are reviewing information about acute rheumatic fever. The students demonstrate a need for additional review when they identify which of the following as a major Jones criterion?

Arthralgia