Ped's Exam 1
The 12 mo uses how many words with meaning?
2-3 babbles expressively
-Points to named body parts -Points to pictures in a book -Begins to use my or mine - Vocab of 40-50 words - sentences of 2-3 words
24 months
The infant is mastering what theory
Trust vs mistrust (erickson)
-Raises head to 45 degrees in prone - Slight head lag in pull-to-sit FINE: holds hand in front of face / hands open
3 months
Pulls to stand / cruises FINE: Fine pincer grasp puts onjects into container and takes them out - Babbling begins
10 months
FINE: Offers objects to others and releases them
11 months
During the first visit to the pediatrician's practice the nurse is performing an admission interview and assessment of a 4-week-old infant. The mother states, "I am sure my baby girl knows my smell because she is much more settled in my arms rather than my mother's arms when she is upset." What is an appropriate response by the nurse?
You may be right, since infants can sense their mother's smell as early as 7 days old."
A mother is concerned because her 14-month-old son, who had a big appetite when breastfeeding a few months ago, seems uninterested in eating solid food. She still breastfeeds him daily but is thinking of weaning him soon. How should the nurse respond to this mother?
It is normal for toddlers to lose their appetites; try starting him with just a tablespoonful of food on his plate
In working with the toddler, which statement would be most appropriate to say to the toddler to decrease the behavior known as negativism?
It is time for lunch. I am going to put your bib on
An infant is breastfed. When assessing the stools, which findings would be typical?
Less constipation than bottle-fed infants
Cognitive development in toddlerhood progresses from sensorimotor to _____?
Preoperational - remember toddlers need seperation and find individualism
The nurse is providing education to a teen mother about her 20-month-old daughter's growth. The teen says her daughter seems to have such a big head. What information should the nurse include in the response?
Share that the heads of children at this age are large in proportion to the rest of their body.
The nurse is assessing a toddler's fine motor skills. Which finding by the nurse could be a safety concern?
Ability to turn door knobs
What is the correct amount of wet diapers a mature infant should produce each day?
An infant should have 6-8 wet diapers/day
The nurse is promoting language and cognitive development to the parents of a 3-year-old boy. Which guidance about reading with their child will be most helpful?
Ask the child questions as you read
The nurse is caring for an 18-month-old child. The nurse is aware that the child is which stage according to Erikson?
Autonomy vs shame and doubt
In discussing their 2-year-old's behavior with the nurse, which of the parents' statements suggests the child may be ready for toilet teaching?
The child hides behind her bedroom door when defecating
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the parent of a 2-month-old infant in relation to growth and development. Which statement from the parent demonstrates proper understanding?
"I can expect my infant to be able to raise the head up when on the stomach within the next month."
During a well-baby visit the mother of a 3-month-old infant tells the nurse that she does not understand why her baby continues to spit out food during feeding of solid foods. What is the best response by the nurse?
"Infants still have a tongue protrusion reflex until 4 to 6 months so they can't help but push out the solid food."
A client who is breastfeeding asks the nurse if she can give the newborn a pacifier. Which nursing response is most appropriate?
"It is recommended to wait until breastfeeding is well-established before introducing a pacifier."
A parent asks the nurse if the 2-month-old infant can have bananas yet. The nurse would respond and educate the parent on the nutrition stages of infants by which response?
"You can try bananas 2 or 3 months from now."
The mother of a newborn reports she does not think her baby likes his formula since he spits up after only taking a small amount. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
"Your baby's stomach is small and can only hold about 0.5 to 1 oz at birth."
-Lifts & turns head to side in prone position - Head lag when pulled to sit - Rounded back in sitting FINE: -Fits mostly clentched / involuntary hand movemnt
1 Month
A newborn requires skin care that includes bathing. Besides hygiene, what is another reason for bathing the newborn?
Bathing is a time for bonding with the parents.
The nurse is performing an assessment on a 8-month-old infant. The infant's medical history notes that he was born at 32 weeks' gestation. The infant is progressing normally. At what adjusted age should the nurse expect the infant's developmental accomplishments?
The infant will most likely present with developmental skills consistent with a 6-month-old infant. (NOT SEVEN)
What is an effective disipline measure for a preschooler?
Timeout
Which phase is the child the most egocentric?
Toddler
A toddler's mother reports that her child will only eat peanut butter and jelly sandwiches for several days in a row. The child will then refuse to eat them for several weeks. Which term would the nurse use to document this behavior?
Food jag
Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect an 11-month-old infant to have achieved?
Sitting independently *NOT a tower of four cubes*
Which milestone would the nurse expect an infant to accomplish by 8 months of age?
Sitting without support
Which activity will the nurse encourage new parents to complete in order to assist their infant in accomplishing Erikson's developmental task for the first year of life?
Respond promptly when the infant cries.
How many words can a 30 mo say?
150-300 words
The cognitive development in an infant is what?
Sensorimotor
The nurse is examining a 3-year-old girl during a regular visit. Which finding would disclose a developmental delay in this child?
the child develops separation anxiety
The nurse is assessing a healthy 2-year-old client. Which assessment finding most concerns the nurse?
the child speaks in one-word sentences
A 5-month-old infant being assessed was born at 32 weeks. The nurse doing the well-child check-up should compare the baby to what norms?
the development of a 3-month-old
How many words does a 36 mo know
1,000 words
Preschoolers need how many hours of sleep per day?
12
- Follows one step command accompanied by gesture - Uses finger to point to things - vocal imitation -first word
12 mo
Sits from standing position walks independently FINE: -Feeds self w cup and spoon - makes simple mark on paper - pokes w index finger (9-12 mo baby puts meaning to mama and dada)
12 months
-Understands 100-150 words -babbles in what sounds like a sentence - follows one step command without gesture
15 mo
-Raises head and chest, holds position - Improving head control FINE: holds hand in front of face / hands open
2 Month
The nurse is educating a new parent regarding nutritional needs for the newborn. Which statement is accurate and should be taught regarding the nutritional needs of a newborn?
Formula is designed to provide similar amounts of calories as breast milk would provide.
What kind of toy for a 3-year old would be appropriate?
a Large piece puzzle
The infant exhibts great growth, ______ the birth weight in six months and _____ by 12 months
doubling = six tripling= 12
The nurse is educating the mother of a 6-month-old boy about the symptoms for teething. Which symptom would the nurse identify?
increased biting and sucking
A staff nurse is talking about Piaget's theory with a nursing student. Infants are in the sensorimotor stage of cognitive development during which object permanence is mastered. An example of an infant displaying this ability is:
looking for a toy in her crib at the last place she saw it.
How often should foods be introduced to an infant?
no more than 3-5 days apart
The nurse is assessing the oral cavity of a 4-month-old infant. Which finding is consistent with a child of this age?
no teeth
When might a child expierence nightmares?
preschool age due to their active imagination
Tripod sits FINE: releases objects in hand to grasp another
6 months
What months can sippy cups be introduced?
6 months
The vocabulary of a preschooler increases to how many words?
2,100 Child speaks in full sentences
All primary teeth are erupted by what age?
30 mon
Sits alone with some use of hands for support FINE: Transfers objects from one hand to the other
7 months
Sits unsupported FINE: Gross Pincer grasp - Stranger anxiety
8 months
Crawls, abdomen off floor FINE: Bats objects together
9 months
How many words should be in the vocab of a 3 yr old
900 words
rolls from supine to prone and back again - sits w/ back upright when supported FINE: Grasps rattle
5 months
what should be the first food for infant ?
rice ceral (spoon)
-Understands the word "no" - comprehends 200 words - Sometimes answers the question "what's this?" - uses at least 5-20 words
18 mo
Can say name, gender, and age - Three to four word sentences Asks "why?" - talks about something in the past
36 mo
-Lifts head and looks around -rolls from prone to supine -head leads body when pulled to sit FINE: Bats at objects
4 months
When should solid foods be introduced?
4-6 months
A 13-month-old child is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. The child's parent expresses concern that the child has not started to walk yet. What is the best action should the nurse take?
explain that children take their first steps as late as 18 months of age
Which assessment findings if noted in a 4-month-old infant would the nurse recognize as normal growth and development?
holds head up when prone, bears partial weight on legs, reflexes are fading