Peds Exam 3
Which of the following statements accurately describes physical development during the school-age years?
A child grows an average of 5 cm or 2 inches per year
An adolescent girl tells the nurse that she thinks about death all the time. The nurse asks her if she has a specific plan. This question should be considered which of the following?
An essential part of the assessment
Prevention of pelvic inflammatory disease in adolescents is important because it...
can have devastating effects on the reproductive tract of affected adolescents (Short term complications include abscess formation in the fallopian tubes; long-term complications include ectopic pregnancy, infertility
An adolescent with bulimia has a low potassium level. The nurse is aware of the potential for which of the following complications?
cardiac arrhythmias (hospitalization is recommended when the potassium level is less than 3.2 mmol/L
Which of the following is most characteristic of the relationship between school age children and their family?
children need and want restrictions placed on their behavior by the family
Emergency care for tooth evulsion includes...
rinsing the dirty tooth gently under running water before replanting
In relation to body image, school age children...
seldom express concerns about their bodies to their families
The major nursing consideration in assisting the family of a child with nocturnal enuresis is to prevent the child from developing alterations in..
self-esteem
Which of the following is associated with social drinking in adolescents?
significant morbidity and mortality (alcohol related MVA's result in 8000 adolescent deaths and 45,000 injuries each year and are the leading cause of unintentional injury and deaths among adolescents)
Which of the following statements is true about smoking in adolescence?
smoking is less common when an adolescent's parents disapprove of smoking
Sleep problems in the school age child are often demonstrated by ,..
delaying tactics because the child does not wish to go to bed.
Sleep problems in the school-age child are often demonstrated by..
delaying tactics because they do not wish to go to bed
Which of the following is a characteristic of children with depression?
Change in appetite, resulting in weight loss or gain
Middle childhood is also referred to as middle years, or the school-age years. What ages does this period represent?
ages 6 to 12 years
According to piaget, what is the stage of development for middle childhood?
Concrete operational
Middle childhood is the time when children...
*learn the value of doing things with others *learn the benefits derived from division of labor in accomplishing goals *Achieve a sense of industry and accomplishment *Expand interests and engage in tasks that can be carried to completion
Generally, the earliest age at which puberty begins in girls is ___ and in boys is ____.
10 years; 12 years
In the US, which of the following is approximate mean age of menarche?
12.55 years
By what age should one be concerned about pubertal delay in boys?
13.5 to 14 years
The nurse is planning to advise a school-age child's parent's about appropriate physical activity for their child. Which fact does the nurse include?
Activities that promote coordination in the school-age child include running and skipping rope.
Seven year old Andy was caught taking a playmates toy. Which of the following is an important understanding of this behavior?
At this age, Andy's sense of property rights is limited, and he took the item simply because he was attracted to it.
A group of boys ages 9 and 10 have formed a "boys only" club that is open to neighborhood and school friends who have skateboards. This should be interpreted as which of the following?
Characteristic of social development of this age
Which of the following accurately describes the expected cognitive development during the concrete-operational period of middle childhood?
Children are able to use their thought processes to experience events and actions and make judgments based on what they reason.
A child has an evulsed tooth. The parents are reluctant to try to reimplant the tooth. What should the tooth be placed in for transport to the dentist?
Cold milk or saliva (under the child or parent's tongue)
Which of the following descriptions of school-age children is most closely linked to Erikson's theory?
During this time, interests expand and children, with a growing sense of independence, engage in tasks that can be carried through to completion.
The school nurse is discussing dental health with some children in first grade. Which of the following should be included?
Emphasize importance of brushing before bedtime
Which of the following is an important consideration when the nurse is discussing enuresis with the parents of a young child?
Encourage the child to take charge of treatment interventions. Since any treatment involves and requires the child's active participation, the child is in charge of the intervention and the parents should learn to support the child rather than intervene.
An adolescent tells the school nurse that she is pregnant. Her last menstrual period was 4 month ago. She has not received any medical care. She smokes but denies any other substance use. The priority nursing action is which of the following?
Refer her for prenatal care
Which of the following is characteristic of the psychosocial development of school-age children?
Feelings of inferiority of lack of worth can be derived from children themselves or from the environment
A mother calls the school nurse saying that her daughter has developed school phobia. she has been out of school for 3 days. The nurse's recommendations should include which of the following?
Immediately return child to school
Nursing responsibilities in the management of adolescent obesity include which of the following?
Incorporate favorite foods into child's diet
According to Freud, middle childhood is described as which one of the following periods?
Latency
Which of the following is descriptive of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder?
Manifestations affect every aspect of the child's life but most obvious in the classroom
The nurse is caring for an adolescent brought to the hospital with acute drug toxicity. Cocaine is believed to be the drug involved. Initial data collection should include which of the following?
Method of administration
The single greatest source of unintentional injury and death in the adolescent age-group involve which of the following?
Motor vehicle crashes
While caring for hospitalized adolescents, the nurse observes that sometimes they are skeptical of their parents' religious beliefs and practices. The nurse should recognize that this is which of the following?
Normal spiritual development
What would the nurse look for in assessing whether a child has pediculosis?
Observation of white eggs firmly attached to the hair shafts that do not dislodge easily when removal is attempted. Scratch marks or inflammatory papules caused by secondary infection may be found on scalp
How does the peak of the pubertal growth velocity compare in girls and boys?
On average girls reach their peak growth rate 2 years earlier than boys
An adolescent asks the nurse what causes primary dysmenorrhea. The nurse's response should include which of the following...
One factor is the onset of ovulatory cycles
Why do peer relationships become more important during adolescence?
Peer relationships provide adolescents with sources of social reinforcement
Which of the following describes the cognitive abilities of school-age children?
Progress from making judgments based on what they reason to making judgments based on what they see.
The nurse is assisting the family of a child with a history of encorpresis. Which of the following should be included in the nurse's discussion with this family?
Reassuring the family that most problems resolve successfully with some relapses during periods of stress.
Which of the following should the nurse include when explaining how to manage pediculosis capitis?
Remove nits with an extra-fine tooth comb or tweezers
Billy has been stung by a bee. A small reaction has occurred at the site. What is the most appropriate action at this time?
Remove the stinger as soon as possible by scraping it off the skin
The parents of an 8 year old girl tell the nurse that their daughter wants to join a soccer team. The nurse's suggestions regarding participation in sports at this age should include which of the following?
Sports participation is encouraged if the type of sport is appropriate to the child's abilities.
In planning sex education and contraceptive teaching for adolescents, the nurse should consider which of the following?
Teenagers frequently lack a fundamental understanding of fertility
The school nurse is discussing testicular self-examination with adolescent males. Why is this important?
Testicular tumors during adolescence are generally malignant
Which of the following describes moral development in the younger school-age child?
They know the rules and behaviors expected of them but do not understand the reasons behind them
Barbara has been diagnosed with ADHD and placed on Ritalin by her physician. Which of the following statements, made by the nurse to Barbara's parents, is correct?
This drug will ultimately lead to stimulation of the inhibitory system of the central nervous system by increasing dopamine and norepinephrine levels in the body.
An adolescent girl tells the nurse she has some type of vaginitis. Which of the following clinical manifestations is most suggestive of candidiasis?
Vaginal pruritus
Which finding should the nurse expect when assessing physical growth in the school-age child?
Weight increase of 2 to 3 kg per year
In helping parents cope with pediculosis, the nurse should emphasize that...
anyone can get pediculosis
Drug abuse is suspected in an adolescent being seen in the emergency department. Which of the following physical signs is suggestive of barbiturate ingestion?
ataxia (slurred speech)
Which of the following is descriptive of bulimia during adolescence?
consumption of large quantities of food used as a coping mechanism
Early appearance of secondary sex characteristic of girls during preadolescence may be associated with...
dissatisfaction with physical appearance and lower self-esteem
Anorexia nervosa is best described as...
emaciation from self-inflicted starvation
Which of the following is the most commonly used method in completed suicides?
firearms (firearms are most commonly used instruments in completed suicides among both males and females. For adolescent boys, firearms are followed by hanging and overdose. For adolescent females, overdose and strangulation are the next most common means of completed suicide)
According to Erikson, what is the developmental goal of middle childhood?
industry
According to Piaget, the adolescent is in the fourth stage of cognitive development, the period of:
formal operations (Cognitive thinking culminates in capacity for abstract thinking.
Which of the following statements is correct about childhood obesity?
heredity is an important factor
The school nurse tells adolescents in the clinic that confidentiality and privacy will be maintained unless a life-threatening situation arises. This practice is...
important in establishing trusting relationships
Correct terminology is necessary in understanding substance abuse. Physical dependence is which of the following?
involuntary physiologic responses to the pharmacologic characteristics of drugs
Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to observe during the physical assessment of an adolescent girl with severe weight loss and disrupted metabolism associated with anorexia nervosa?
lowered body temperature (also severe weight loss, decreased blood pressure, dry skin, brittle nails, altered metabolic activity, and lanugo hair)
Which best describes major difference in moral development between young-school age children and older school age children?
older school age children are able to judge an act by the intentions that prompted it and not only by the consequences
The nurse is planning an educational session for a group of 9 year olds and their parents aimed at decreasing injuries and accidents among this group. The nurse would best accomplish this goal by reviewing...
pedestrian safety rules and skills training programs to prevent MVA's.
The treatment of choice for pediculosis capitis in a 2 year old child is...
permethrin 1% cream rinse (Nix)
The nurse plans to conduct a sex ed class for 10 year olds. Which of the following does the nurse recognize as most appropriate for this age group?
present sex info as a normal part of growth and development
An adolescent boy tells the nurse that he has recently had homosexual feelings. The nurse's response should be based on the knowledge that ...
the adolescent should be encouraged to share his feelings and experiences.
During the school-age years, children learn valuable lessons from age-mates. How is this accomplished?
the child learns to appreciate the varied points of view within the peer group, becomes sensitive to the social norms and pressure of the group, and interactions among peers lead to the formation of intimate friendships between same-sex peers
A factor that most influences the amount and manner of discipline and limit-setting imposed on school-age children is...
the child's response to rewards and punishments
The nurse is instructing Angie's parents about using a pyrethrin shampoo for pediculosis. Which of the following should be included in these instructions?
the shampoo is avoided in children with contact allergy to ragweed or turpentine