Period One and Period two Review
Connecticut
1 of 4 1636 by Thomas Hooker Connecticut River Colony
Columbus's Legacy
1506 he died good navigation skills, failure because he found no path to India
Slave trading
15th century Portugal began to trade from West Africa
New Hampshire
1622 John Mason given land grant by the council
South Carolina
1633 eight English nobles
North Carolina
1653 by Virginia Colonist
Pennsylvania and Delaware
1682 to 1701 shared government until about 1776
List three pieces of evidence to support your answer
A) 1st contact with new world that lasted B) led to the Colombian exchange C) established something that ended permanently
In what ways did native people...European colonization(list)?
A) Agriculture increased B)knew how to make tools C) skilled hunters D) Building skills helped create civilization
Identify three major consequences of European contact with American Indians?
A) Slavery among Native Americans B) Death, disease and war C) Displacement from invasion
List three main effects of Europe's expanding trade in the 15th century
A) increased slavery B) technology C) new products hit the market
List three pieces of evidence that supports the alternate view
A) many natives were killed B) believed he reached the Indians but aren't certain C) did not find riches like he wanted
Cultures of North America
Agriculture productive region and many different tribes present
Northwest settlements
Alaska and California
Explain all cultural interactions between colonizing groups, Africans, and American Indians in the colonial error impacted the development of American colonial identity.
All of these colonies had their own ideas but when they interacted they shared living, farming and hunting.
How did new technology enable Christopher Columbus to dominate the "New World"?
Allowing Columbus to act as a strong figure and present a sense of authority among the natives.
Southwest Settlements
Arizona and New Mexico
Headright system
Attract immigrants offered 50 acres of land each paid their own passage
Lasting Problems
Bacon Rebellion highlighted two long-lasted conflicts
Arthur Schlesinger
Believes Columbus did voyages to search unknown territory
Bacon's Rebellion
Berkeley government resented the economy and political control
English Claims
Cabot in Newfound land in 1497, Roanoke island in North Carolina in 1587
What was the impact of the Catholic victory in Spain and the European Reformation on North America?
Catholic victory in Spain showed clearly the intolerance for non-catholic religions, and the reformation impacted many people who traveled to North America for religious freedom
Protestant Revolt
Catholics didn't like outcomes so they repeal the act of toleration
Identify one cause and one effect of Spanish settlement in north America
Cause: search for a way to acquire gold and spread their faith effect: led to native american's population decreasing and increased wealth for Spain
Quakers
Christian group religious society of friends
The English model 3 types of colonial charters
Corporate colonies were owned By companies Royals followed rules of Kings and Queens Proprietary ruled by individuals
Which of these were the most significant? Explain your answer
Death was very important because a lot of people died and it left a major impact
Conflict in Virginia
Dictatorial powers to govern angered all farmers
In what ways was English policy toward Native Americans different from those of France and Spain
Different from France in that: repaired after death and slavery Different from Spain in that: worried more about military and economy
Which of these consequences were the most significant? Explain your answer
Disease it was a major part of both sides and it lingered and still has a very high rate in america
How did European expansion impact Native American Society
Diseases, horses, and many died from displacement and war
Explain significance of the difference.. Central/South America and North America
Easier for Central and South America tribes to revolt against European. Advance technology interested Europeans to respect them in order to learn more about civilization.
Representative government in Virginia
Encourage settlement same rights as English residence lawmaking representatives
William Penn
English noble men, writer, early Quaker founder of English north american colony
Compare and contrast the English model of colonization to that other French in Spanish.
English sought to establish colonies on agriculture. French use Trade alliances. Spanish embraced different social and economic goals
Language
English, Spanish, and French mostly
Indentured servants
Enough for labor under contract master paid their way
African Resistance
Enslaved Africans resisted by running away and refusing to do task assigned
Spanish Policy
Entered the Aztec and Inca empires, Natives died from disease and slavery
English Policy
Established colonies in areas without large populations of natives came with family
"Holy Experiment"
Established community persecuted religious minorities modern day Pennsylvania
Fact and Fiction
Fact: many proved newfound land before him Fiction: traveled to India to prove earth was round Fact: traveled to gain routes
Religious Conflict
Final years of renaissance. Roman catholic church who formerly dominated Western Europe no externally threatened by ottoman turks
Jamestown
First permanent English colony (1607) King James I gave a charter to Virginia Joint stock companies
Religious issues in Maryland
Gave a safe haven for Catholic
French Claims
Giovanni de Vera many North Atlantic coast, Cartier explored Saint. Lawrence river
What were three main chief features of the Spanish empire in America?
God, Gold, Glory
New Routes
Going Around Africa or sailing west to china
Support or refute the following statement: Christopher Columbus was a hero.
He was a hero because he discovered things deeper then anyone has ever done before
Dutch Claims
Henry Hudson to find passage, North America i 1609, Found Hudson River, Led to Amsterdam
period 1 ends with the establishment of Jamestown, the first permanent British settlement in North America.. Explain why 1607 is a major turning point in united States history.
It was the rise of English dominance in North America
Compare and contrast Jamestown and Plymouth com
Jamestown was failing from the start from previous mistakes. The Plymouth was very religious and they changed traditional ways but managed to stay afloat.
Labor shortages
Land owners got land, grow tobacco, not enough laborers
Early English settlement
Major naval power population began to grow economy was depressed
Act of Toleration
Majority in Maryland's government
Midwest Settlements
Mississippi river
Christopher Columbus
Mistakenly discovered america, 1492 searched for faster route to India
King Philip's War
Native vs native of New England and British 1675-1676 tension encroaching white settlers
Identify the causes of the sources of discord in early New England? Which ones were the most threatening and to what extent were they handled correctly?
New England had early sources of discord, King Philip war, failure of the halfway covenant. King Philip's had the most discord in New England unification of native trade tribes caused year long war. Thousands were killed on both sides.
Atlantic Seaboard Settlements
New Jersey to Florida and the Atlantic ocean provided rich source of foods
How effective were Native Americans in overcoming the negative aspects of European policies?
Not effective due to the lack of unification to resist migration and face the possibility of displacment
Limits to Colonial Democracy
Only male property owners Could vote, female and landless had limited powers
New jersey
Original colony 1664 province of Jersey to just Jersey
Halfway Covenant
Puritan church 1662 partial membership rights to person not yet renounced to the church
Improvements in Technology
Rebirth of classic learning and the printing press was developed
Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay
Religious motivation Church of England church broke from Catholic Church kept most Catholic rituals dissenters adopted Calvin's doctor
Florida
Saint Augustine 1565, oldest city in America
California
San Diego in 1769, San Fran in 1776
New Mexico
Santa Fe, capital of New Mexico
Developing Nation-States
Shared Common Culture, loyalty toward the government, and used power for explorartion
Identify one key similarity... developed in Central and South America....
Similarity: skilled in agriculture Differences: less tribes
Which effect was most significant? Explain your answer
Slavery was significant because it lasted very long and still has a huge impact on america and american's to this day.
Identify the major causes for the establishment of slavery in the western Atlantic world? which of those wasn't most significant, why?
Some major causes were -Confiscation Act -Emancipation Proclamation -Slave Trade -Cheaper labor
To what extent was the defeat of the Spanish Armada a turning point in American history?
Spain was no longer the dominant world power.
Period two Packet
Starts HERE.... wooo
Explain one political and one economic cause for Jamestown early struggle for survival
They were in a swampy area and politically they were in debt because of Virginia company did not spend well.
Exchanges
Transfer of plants, animal and diseases
Spanish Exploration and Conquest
Vasco Nunez de Balboa Magellan, circumnavigation of the world
Identify the key difference between vikings voyages of the 12th century to that of Columbus in the 15th century
Vikings did not have a long term impact, columbus however brought people in contact with others but mostly american's permanently
Compare and Contrast the political development of Virginia to that of New England. Are they more similar or different?
Virginia wanted the settlers to stay so they lied to them. New England settlers could vote and were not told lies about what rights they had, so they were more different.
Period 2 begins in 1607 and ends in 1754. As colonies increased in number, size, and power during this Colonial era, the population of the eastern seaboard changed. Based on your knowledge of history and the data in the graph at right, explain three reasons for the demographic shift in the Chesapeake.
White population increased dramatically as others decrease this shift was due to religion standard, crops, and people who died slash left because and increase in disease
Northeast settlements
combined hunting and fishing
Revisionists
critical to Columbus exploration, "right place at the right time" opportunities
President Franklin Roosevelt
declared a national holiday for Columbus on Oct. 12
Rhode Island
formed in 1644 as a combination of providence, Portsmouth, and other settlements sprung up in the area
the Carolinas
grant of land 1653 Lord proprietor until 1729
Texas
grew in 1769
Cultures of Central and South America
highly organized trade routes, calendars and agriculture systems
Great Plains
hunters, sedentary farmers
New England Conferadtion
new England colonist 1643 defense against local natives Americans tribes, encroaching dutch
How did European expansion impact European society?
new products, diseases and gold/wealth
Native American Reaction
not unified, no unified resistance, tribes allied themselves with European power to gain support and survive or migrate
New York
original colony originally Dutch but became American 1626 but in 1664 they surrendered
Period 1 with 1491. If the American Indian population in what is now the united States was nearly 10 million before 1492, why is the United States population in modern times only 2 to 3% American Indian?
other races came into the area and they all challenged each other and caused major conflict
Dividing the Americas
pope drew vertical line on the map, Spain got west, and Portugal got east
Washington Irving
praised Columbus and credited him a hero
slavery
ship brought black africansto VA First African no bondage for life Children were free
Economic problems
tobacco was decreasing in cost, over produced hard times to Chesapeake colonies
French Policy
viewed america as economic and military allies, maintained good relations and fur trade