pharm 2 exam 1 prep

A student asks the pharmacy instructor where air exchange takes place in the human body. What would be the instructor's best response?

"Air exchange in the human body takes place in the alveoli."

A client has requested an oral antiemetic to control motion sickness on an upcoming flight. While explaining proper use of the drug, the nurse should recommend that the client take the drug:

30 minutes prior to the flight.

A patient receiving succinylcholine (Anectine) experiences malignant hyperthermia. What drug is used to treat this condition?

Dantrolene (Dantrium)

Which assessment finding indicates that a neuromuscular junction (NMJ) blocking agent is effective?

Absent reflexes

Which neurotransmitter communicates between nerves and muscles?

Acetylcholine

The parents of a 7-year-old client who has been diagnosed with allergic asthma are being taught about their son's medication regimen. The nurse is teaching about the appropriate use of a "rescue drug" for acute exacerbations. What drug should the nurse suggests the parents to use in these situations?

Albuterol

A patient with COPD presents at the Emergency Department (ED) in acute respiratory distress. The patient's family tells the nurse that the patient takes Atrovent and started having problems right after tasting soy milk. What would the nurse suspect is the problem?

An allergy to soy products

When describing the action of xanthines, which would the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Direct effect on the mobilization of calcium within the cell Stimulation of 2 prostaglandins leading to smooth muscle relaxation Inhibition of release of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis

The patient is a 34-year-old male who started taking theophylline recently. You know that your teaching has been successful if he says he will what?

Avoid caffeine

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled to receive a local anesthetic. The nurse understands that vital signs should be monitored at what point?

Before, during, and after the procedure

A newborn is being treated for respiratory distress syndrome. The parents need to know that if lung surfactants are being given they can cause adverse effects and the infant will be monitored for what?

Collapsed lung

Prior to the administration of a topical local anesthetic, what is the nurse's priority assessment?

Intact skin

The client has had a swimming accident and lacerated his foot on a broken bottle in the water approximately 3 cm. The nurse is prepared to assist the healthcare provider with what type of anesthesia?

Local

The nurse is preparing a patient for an endoscopic procedure that will use a nondepolarizing neuromuscular junction (NMJ) blocking agent. Which condition in the patient's history will require a change in anesthetic medication?

Myasthenia gravis

A client needs to be administered topical anesthesia. The nurse would administer the anesthetic at which location?

On the surface of the skin

A client is scheduled for dental surgery and will be given nitrous oxide. What assessment should the nurse prioritize before administering the medication?

Respiratory status

The client with asthma has been ordered an inhaler and the nurse is teaching how to prevent Candida infections. Which would the nurse include in the instructions?

Rinse mouth with water after each use.

A client is pre-operative and there is a need to decrease the client's sympathetic stimulation to ensure the client does not remember the procedure.The nurse should anticipate the use of what type of agent?

Sedative-hypnotic

The nurse is describing how aminophylline achieves its effect. Which would the nurse incorporate into the description?

Stimulation of the central nervous system

Which neuromuscular blocking agent would a nurse expect to have the shortest duration of action?

Succinylcholine

What substance is produced by type II cells of the alveoli?

Surfactant

The nurse caring for a 38-year-old client started on albuterol (Proventil) should advise the client that the client may experience what adverse effect?

Tachycardia

What action by the client would indicate that the client is obtaining maximum benefit from their inhaler?

The client holds breath for several seconds after releasing the medication.

The nurse sprays the area with a medication to desensitize it. The nurse is administering which type of anesthesia?

Topical anesthesia

An inhaled sympathomimetic drug has been ordered for a teenage athlete who has exercise-induced asthma. What should the patient be instructed to do?

Use the inhaler 30 to 60 minutes before exercising to ensure peak therapeutic levels when needed

When educating a group of students on the mechanism of action of various antiasthma drugs, the nurse identifies which drugs as inhibiting the formation of leukotriene?

Zileuton

An elderly female client insists her asthma is exacerbated by her least favorite television show. While explaining that her dislike for the show's host may be a contributing factor, the nurse relates that an asthma attack is caused by substances released from mast cells, which cause:

bronchoconstriction and inflammation.

A client presents to the Emergency Department (ED) having an acute asthma attack. An ED health care provider has ordered a sympathomimetic (epinephrine). The nurse is aware that this classification of drug will:

cause dilation of the bronchi with increased rate and depth of respiration.

The nurse is caring for a patient in the ICU. The patient has blue nail beds and lips and an oxygen saturation of 89%. This patient is:

hypoxic

A nurse is providing health teaching to a newly diagnosed asthmatic client. The client has been prescribed theophylline. The nurse should encourage this client to stop:

smoking cigarettes.