pharm 54

An older adult client has reported "seeing things that aren't there" after starting to take over-the-counter dextromethorphan for a nonproductive cough associated with a cold. What assessment question will provide the most relevant information regarding the possible cause of this adverse effect? "Have you been nauseated as well since taking the dextromethorphan?" "How much dextromethorphan have you been taking each day?" "Is the dextromethorphan making you dizzy?" "Have you been taking the dextromethorphan at bedtime?"

"How much dextromethorphan have you been taking each day?"

The nurse is educating an older adult client diagnosed with rhinosinusitis in an outpatient clinic about the prescribed topical oxymetazoline. The client has a history of hypertension and coronary artery disease. Which statement made by the client establishes the need for further clarification? "I will blow my nose before using the nasal spray." "The drug is used no longer than 3 days." "I can take over-the-counter pseudoephedrine, too." "I will rinse the spray tip off after each use."

"I can take over-the-counter pseudoephedrine, too."

The nurse is caring for a client with cystic fibrosis who is receiving dornase alfa by nebulizer to help thin secretions. What statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction? "I will try to cough after I receive this medication." "I will continue to use postural drainage and take my enzymes as ordered." "This medication will loosen up the sticky mucus that is in my lungs." "I'm glad that this medication will address all of my symptoms."

"I'm glad that this medication will address all of my symptoms."

A client whose daily commute includes travel on a ferry boat has been prescribed diphenhydramine. During client teaching, the nurse should instruct the client to take the medication at what time? when the client boards the ferry the night before each trip 30 to 60 minutes before the ferry trip as soon as the ferry leaves the dock

30 to 60 minutes before the ferry trip

Which client has an increased risk for developing an adverse reaction if prescribed pseudoephedrine nasally? a 70-year-old male being treated for bilateral cataracts a 50-year-old female diagnosed with hypothyroidism a 20-year-old male who has a 1-pack-a-day cigarette habit a 30-year-old female being treated for hyperlipidemia

30-year-old female being treated for hyperlipidemia Contraindications to pseudoephedrine use include severe hypertension or coronary artery disease because of the drug's cardiac stimulating and vasoconstricting effects. None of the other options present clients with conditions that are contraindicated for pseudoephedrine use.

A client, scheduled to receive one unit of packed red blood cells, has a history of an allergic reaction to a transfusion in the past. What class of medication will assist in preventing a reaction to the packed red blood cell transfusion? Antimicrobials Antianginals Antipyretics Antihistamines

Antihistamines

An adult client has asked the nurse to recommend an OTC cold remedy. Before making a recommendation, the nurse should implement which intervention? Assess the client's understanding of the epidemiology of the common cold and upper respiratory infections. Assess the client for health problems that may contraindicate the use of a particular remedy. Consult with a pharmacist or pharmacy technician. Ensure that the client has tried some of the more common herbal and natural remedies.

Assess the client for health problems that may contraindicate the use of a particular remedy.

A client is prescribed oxymetazoline. Which assessment data would indicate that the drug is effective? Urine output is at least 30 mL/hr. Breathing pattern is regular and without difficulty. Skin is effectively hydrated. Heart rate is maintained at a regular rate and rhythm.

Breathing pattern is regular and without difficulty.

A client comes to the clinic with what appears to be a cold. What group of upper respiratory drugs cause local vasoconstriction, which decreases blood flow and shrinks swollen membranes to improve air flow? Mucolytics Expectorants Decongestants Antitussives

Decongestants Decongestants cause local vasoconstriction that decrease blood flow to irritated and dilated capillaries of the mucous membranes lining the nasal passages and sinus cavities. The vasoconstriction leads to a shrinking of swollen membranes and opens clogged nasal passages promoting drainage of secretions and improved air flow. Antitussives either work directly on the medullary cough center of the brain or act as a local anesthetic on the respiratory passages blocking the effectiveness of the stretch receptors that stimulate a cough reflex. Expectorants liquefy the lower respiratory tract secretions, reducing the viscosity of the secretions and making it easier to cough them up. Mucolytics break down mucus to aid a person in coughing up thick tenacious secretions by separating cells that hold mucus material together.

A 76-year-old client has been prescribed an oral antihistamine. What adverse effect presents a priority safety concern for older adult clients? Nonproductive cough Drowsiness Dry mouth Nasal burning

Drowsiness Older adults are more likely to experience anticholinergic effects (dryness of mouth, nose, throat), dizziness, sedation, hypotension, and confusion from the use of antihistamines. Drowsiness and sedation present the greatest safety concerns compared to other effects such as dry mouth and nonproductive cough. Nasal burning may occur due to nasal spray use.

A patient with allergic rhinitis is prescribed an antihistamine. The nurse instructs the patient to suck on a sugarless hard candy to prevent which condition? Thickening of the bronchial secretion Altered sensation of taste Drowsiness and sedation Dryness of the oral mucosa and the throat

Dryness of the oral mucosa and the throat

The pharmacology instructor is discussing the adverse effects of diphenhydramine. Which is not one of these effects? Dry mouth Drowsiness Excessive salivation Blurred vision

Excessive salivation

The nurse has been ordered to administer a preanesthetic medication that contains both anxiolytic and antiemetic properties. The nurse knows that which medication combines these two properties? Hydroxyzine (Vistaril) Fentanyl (Sublimaze) Lorazepam (Ativan) Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)

The nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with the common cold. What measure should the nurse recommend implementing to help liquefy cold-related secretions? Deep breathing Gargling with normal saline Increasing fluid intake Reducing salt intake

Increasing fluid intake

A female client calls the pediatrician's office for a suggestion regarding the best over-the-counter cough and cold medicine for her 6-month-old child. The pediatrician advises against the medication for what reason? The medication is not effective for croup. Misuse could result in overdose. The medication is contraindicated for viral infections. The medication is contraindicated for the child's symptoms.

Misuse could result in overdose.

A male client is diagnosed with chronic bronchitis. What would the nurse expect to be one of his physical reports? Rhinorrhea Chronic nasal swelling Retention of secretions Rhinitis

Retention of secretions

A 62-year-old client has been prescribed an antihistamine to alleviate vasomotor rhinitis. The client reports gastric irritation after taking the tablet. Which instructions should the nurse provide to help alleviate the client's condition? Take the tablet with food. Drink ample water before taking the tablet. Take an antacid before the tablet. Take the tablet one hour before food.

Take the tablet with food.

A male client presents to the health care provider's office for his annual visit. When questioned about over-the-counter medication use, he states that he uses echinacea to prevent colds. What statement is true about echinacea? He is healthier because he uses the echinacea. There is limited or no support for the use of echinacea to prevent or treat symptoms of the common cold. Echinacea is the OTC drug of choice for prevention of viral infections. To be effective, echinacea must be taken daily regardless of symptoms.

There is limited or no support for the use of echinacea to prevent or treat symptoms of the common cold.

Which nursing diagnosis would provide the clearest indication for the administration of inhaled acetylcysteine? ineffective breathing pattern impaired tissue perfusion ineffective airway clearance risk for infection

ineffective airway clearance

A client reports experiencing severe nasal congestion since starting to use an over-the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestant spray a week ago. This symptomology most supports what possible medical condition? a drug allergy rebound congestion bronchitis sinusitis

rebound congestion