Pharm | DIURETIC [test Q's]

After teaching a patient about the action of spironolactone, the nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the patient states which of the following?

"I need to make sure I don't eat too many high potassium foods."

You are teaching your 62-year-old patient about hydrochlorothiazide, which her physician has prescribed for treatment of hypertension. What statement, made by your patient, suggests that she understands what you have taught her?

"I will need to stand slowly."

The client has been ordered spironolactone (Aldactone) for hypertension. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further education?

"I will take the medication when my blood pressure is elevated."

Which of the following statements by your 62-year-old patient indicates that they understand your teaching about diuretics?

"I will weigh myself daily and report significant changes."

A patient is switched from furosemide (Lasix) to spironolactone (Aldactone). The patient asks the nurse why she has been switched to a new medicine. What is the best answer that will provide patient education regarding the change?

"You will lose less potassium with spironolactone than with furosemide."

A patient has edema of the lower extremities with crackles in the lung bases. The patient is prescribed furosemide 40 mg two times per day orally. What is the recommended weight loss per day?

2 pounds per day

A patient is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) and a potassium supplement. When monitoring daily laboratory values, what should the potassium level be for this patient?

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Your 55-year-old patient is receiving both digoxin (Lanoxin) and potassium supplements along with hydrochlorothiazide. When monitoring daily laboratory values, you know it is important for your patient to maintain which serum potassium level?

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

A patient is admitted the hospital with congestive heart failure. The patient is ordered to receive furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg IV. How soon will diuretic effects occur after administration?

5 minutes

A patient has edema of the lower extremities and abdomen. What is the reason to administer a stronger diuretic than a thiazide diuretic to this patient?

A thiazide diuretic will be ineffective for immediate diuresis.

You have been prescribed HydroDIURIL. What will the nurse tell you is considered a contraindication to the administration of hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL)?

Allergy to sulfa drugs

A patient is taking spironolactone (Aldactone). When providing patient teaching about this medication, what foods should the patient be instructed to avoid?

Bananas

What sign is most indicative of dehydration in a patient taking diuretics?

Body weight

Diuretics increase the production and output of urine. Which of the following statements helps explain how diuretics achieve these effects?

Diuretics reduce the reabsorption of water in the kidneys.

What effect on the diet of a patient will taking diuretics have?

Eat potassium-rich or low potassium diet as appropriate

You are evaluating an 82-year-old client who is receiving hydrochlorothiazide. What abnormal laboratory result might you see related to the medication?

Elevated uric acid levels

A nurse encourages a patient who is receiving a diuretic to maintain his fluid intake to prevent the risk for developing which of the following?

Fluid rebound

A group of students are reviewing the various classes of diuretics. The students demonstrated understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a loop diuretic?

Furosemide

An elderly patient with a history of congestive heart failure has been admitted to hospital with failure to thrive and admission blood work reveals a hemoglobin level of 6.9 g/dL. The care team has consequently administered two units of packed red blood cells, but auscultation of the client's lungs now reveals diffuse crackles. Administration of what drug is likely to resolve the patient's pulmonary edema?

Furosemide

Which of the following is an example of a loop diuretic?

Furosemide (Lasix)

Your 68-year-old patient, an insulin-dependent diabetic, is to receive hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL). Prior to administering it, what should you inform her of?

Her insulin dose may need to be increased

Your 91-year-old patient is being discharged on the diuretic spironolactone (Aldactone). What is the major adverse effect of this type of medication?

Hyperkalemia

Your 91-year-old patient, who is being prepared for discharge, has been prescribed the diuretic spironolactone. While teaching your patient about the drug, what major adverse effect should you be sure to mention?

Hyperkalemia

After reviewing information about thiazide diuretics, a group of students demonstrate the need for additional teaching when they identify which of the following as a possible adverse effect?

Hypocalcemia

A client comes to the clinic for a 1 month follow-up appointment. They tell the nurse they have been taking chlorothiazide (Diruil) for the month it has been prescribed and now they have leg cramps and "feel tired all the time."What will the nurse consider as the cause of the patient's symptoms?

Hypokalemia

The nurse assesses the client for which of the following symptoms that may indicate that the client has excessive potassium loss?

Hypotension

A client takes digoxin and furosemide (Lasix), a potassium-wasting diuretic, foredema related to congestive heart failure. The nurse knows that hypokalemia has what effect on digoxin?

Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias

Hydrochlorothiazide works by what mechanism of action?

Increasing the excretion of sodium and chloride in the distal tubule

A nurse has been assigned to patient who receives hydrochlorothiazide each morning for the treatment of primary hypertension. Which of the following components of the patient's morning blood work should prompt the nurse to temporarily hold the drug this morning and consult with the physician?

K+ 3.0 mEq/L

A patient has been prescribed furosemide (Lasix).Because this drug causes potassium loss, what will you instruct the patient to eat?

Peaches

You are caring for a patient in the Emergency Department (ED) who is in pulmonary edema. The patient is treated with furosemide (Lasix). What will you monitor?

Potassium levels

The pharmacology instructor is discussing the differences among the various diuretic agents. Which of the following would the instructor cite as a difference between spironolactone and hydrochlorothiazide?

Potassium losses are greater with hydrochlorothiazide than with spironolactone.

A student asks the pharmacy instructor what the difference is between the diuretics spironolactone (Aldactone) and furosemide (Lasix). What would the instructor reply?

Potassium losses are less with spironolactone

About 80% of water, sodium, potassium, and other substances is reabsorbed during renal processing; the remaining 20% enters the loop of Henle. What substance is reabsorbed in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Sodium

Which of the following exerts its diuretic effect by antagonizing the action of aldosterone?

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Your patient is a 36-year-old man who undergoes dialysis three times weekly while waiting for renal transplant. A diuretic has been added to his current medications to combat developing edema. Why would potassium-sparing diuretics be contraindicated?

They may cause hyperkalemia

You are providing discharge instructions to a 72-year-old patient who has been discharged home on a diuretic. What would the patient's instructions regarding the use of a diuretic at home include?

To weigh themselves on the same scale, at the same time of day, in the same clothing

A female patient reports that she has frequent muscle cramps while on hydrochlorothiazide therapy. The nurse will advise her to

eat potassium-rich foods.

You are caring for a 68-year-old female client with type 1 diabetes mellitus whose physician has ordered hydrochlorothiazide. As a consequence of taking the diuretic, the client may need to

increase her insulin dose.