Pharmacology

A female client with a six-month-old infant has been prescribed propylthiouracil (PTU). What is the most important question the nurse should ask this client?

"Are you breastfeeding your child?"

A client is prescribed calcitriol. Which instruction would be most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?

"Have your calcium levels checked periodically."

A nurse is providing client education to a 13-year-old girl who was just diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which statement by the client will alert the nurse that special instructions regarding insulin are necessary?

"I am on the middle school track team."

The nurse is reinforcing teaching about acarbose (Precose) to a client with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further understanding?

"I must take this medication one hour before I eat."

The nurse is caring for a 42-year-old client who recently had a total hysterectomy that involved removal of her ovaries. What statement by the client suggests that she understands her risk of developing osteoporosis?

"The surgery increased my risk of developing the disease."

A school nurse is educating a group of adolescents on the dangers of anabolic steroids. What statement by the nurse would explain why they are dangerous specifically to this age group?

"These drugs can damage the heart, liver, and kidneys."

A pregnant client asks about the safety of taking thyroid hormone replacement drugs during her pregnancy. What is the nurse's best response?

"Thyroid hormones are pregnancy category A drugs and should be taken during pregnancy."

A client calls the women's health clinic and tells the nurse that she went to the dentist for an abscessed tooth. The dentist put her on an antibiotic, and the client wants to know if it will cause problems with her prescribed oral contraceptives. What is the nurse's best response?

"Use alternate means of birth control until you are finished with the antibiotic."

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed glyburide. Which factor, if identified in the client history, would cause the nurse to inform the health care provider of a contraindication to use?

Allergy to sulfonamides

A client has been prescribed a PDE5 inhibitor for penile erectile dysfunction. Medication education should strongly discourage the use of what drug classification while on this medication?

Alpha-blockers

A patient with erectile dysfunction is receiving an injection directly into the cavernosum. The nurse identifies this drug as:

Alprostadil

A client taking hormonal contraceptives will soon turn 35 years of age. She is moderately obese and has smoked for 15 years. Which action should the nurse encourage the client to take to best minimize risk for complications associated with contraception use?

Beginning smoking cessation

A client receives regular insulin at 8:00 AM. The nurse would be alert for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia at which time?

Between 10:00 AM and 12:00 PM

A client receives a dose of insulin lispro at 8 AM. The nurse would be alert for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia at which time?

Between 8:30 AM and 9:30 AM

The nurse is educating a client who is beginning therapy with acarbose and tells the client to take the medication with the first bite of each main meal to help prevent what adverse effect?

Bloating and diarrhea

A client has begun treatment for penile erectile dysfunction. What explanation should the nurse provide regarding the primary effect a prescribed phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor will have on this condition?

Blood flow to the penis will be improved

A patient has hypocalcemia secondary to hypoparathyroidism. Which would the nurse expect to be ordered?

Calcitriol

The nurse should review which lab result before advising a client about taking the first dose of ibandronate (Boniva)?

Calcium

The nurse is reviewing the history of a client who is to receive testosterone. Which of the following would alert the nurse to the need for close monitoring of the client?

Cardiovascular disease

Mark, age 42, is prescribed sildenafil for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. The nurse caring for Mark would explain that sildenafil works by what mechanism?

Causing vasodilation in the pulmonary vascular bed

A group of students are reviewing the various fertility drugs that are available. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which drug as being administered orally?

Clomiphene

A client is taking androgens and warfarin. What effect will these two medications have on the client's coagulation?

Coagulation will be decreased.

A female patient receiving fluoxymesterone, an androgenic drug, for metastatic breast cancer is disturbed by the physical changes seen in her body. Which feature of virilization may be seen in the patient receiving this therapy?

Deepening of the voice

The nurse is instructing the parents of an 11-year-old male who has testosterone deficiency. Which symptom, if found in this child, would cause the discontinuation of this medication?

Enlarged penis

Dinoprostone can be used to terminate a pregnancy after 20 weeks.

False

A man is brought to the emergency department. He is nonresponsive, and his blood glucose level is 32 mg/dL. Which would the nurse expect to be ordered?

Glucagon

Which would a nurse identify as an example of a sulfonylurea?

Glyburide

The nurse is interviewing a client who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes four months ago. The client does not record glucometer readings. What laboratory test does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will order for this client?

HbA1c

When teaching a group of high school students about using anabolic steroids, the nurse would include information that these drugs are classified as which class of controlled substances?

III

When describing the action of sildenafil, which would the nurse include?

Increased nitrous oxide levels in the corpus cavernosum

Which would a nurse expect to occur with the administration of anabolic steroids?

Increased red blood cell mass

A male taking anabolic steroids may experience which side effects?

Jaundice

Which agent would a nurse expect to administer to a client with hypothyroidism?

Levothyroxine

A client has been receiving long-term testosterone therapy. The nurse would expect to monitor:

Liver function studies

A woman who has been prescribed high doses of anabolic steroids should be instructed on which effects?

Masculinization

After teaching a class about the various drugs used to control blood glucose, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies what as a biguanide?

Metformin

A client is brought to the emergency department after taking an overdose of levothyroxine. When assessing this client, what adverse effects would the nurse expect to find?

Nervousness and tachycardia

The school nurse identifies more children with type 2 diabetes each year and recognizes that this trend is mainly attributed to what issue?

Obesity and inadequate exercise

A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is receiving an oral anti-diabetic drug. Which of following ongoing assessments should the nurse perform when caring for this patient?

Observe the patient for hypoglycemic episodes.

A postmenopausal woman is administered estradiol for the purpose of preventing which condition?

Osteoporosis

When reviewing the history of a patient, which would the nurse identify as a contraindication for the use of progestins?

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A client who is taking estrogen therapy calls the clinic and tells the nurse that she is experiencing sudden, sharp chest pain. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing what adverse reaction related to estrogen therapy?

Pulmonary embolism

The nurse is preparing to apply testosterone gel (AndroGel) to a male client who has a low testosterone level. What is the nurse's top priority action before administering this medication?

Put on gloves.

A client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis has been admitted to the intensive care unit. The client is prescribed an intravenous insulin drip, so the nurse knows that what type of insulin will be administered?

Regular.

Which agent would a nurse expect to administer as a single oral dose in the morning?

Rosiglitazone

The nurse is seeing a client who is taking propylthiouracil. Which adverse effect should the nurse notify the health care provider of?

Scattered bruising to legs

A client is prescribed levothyroxine. The nurse understands that this drug contains:

T4.

A client diagnosed with hypothyroidism is to start thyroid hormone replacement therapy. Which lab value should the nurse review to assist the health care provider in determining the dosage?

TSH

A nurse is preparing a class on the various drugs used to treat erectile dysfunction. Which would the nurse include?

Tadalafil

The nurse anticipates the health care provider will order methylergonovine for which purpose?

To contract the uterus after delivery of the placenta

The nurse anticipates that the health care provider will order carboprost to treat which condition related to labor and delivery?

Uterine atony

Which vitamin supplements should the nurse recommend while a postmenopausal client is taking alendronate (Fosamax)?

Vitamin D and calcium

The nurse is providing care for several clients who have diabetes. Which client should the nurse monitor most closely for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia?

a client who received 12 units of Humulin R 45 minutes ago

A female client is a newly diagnosed diabetic. She is a stay-at-home mother and responsible for meal planning and management of the home. What will the home care nurse teach this client? (Select all that apply.)

assist the client in making menus that will meet the needs of both the client and the family. Watch the client draw up and administer her insulin. Reinforce instructions on dealing with hypoglycemia.

A nurse is working with a patient in the clinic who has erectile dysfunction. The patient has been prescribed sildenafil (Viagra). The patient wants to do everything he can to promote effectiveness of the drug. The nurse will instruct him to

avoid taking the drug with a high-fat meal.

Which medication would a nurse identify as a noninsulin injectable antidiabetic drug?

exenatide

A 66-year-old man has made an appointment with his primary care provider to discuss his recent erectile dysfunction (ED) and has requested a prescription for tadalafil (Cialis) based on television commercials he has seen. What characteristic of this client would contraindicate the use of tadalafil for his ED?

has unstable angina and uses a nitroglycerin patch

A nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Levothyroxine (Synthroid) has been prescribed. Before the drug therapy is started, the nurse will assess for:

history of taking anticoagulant drugs.

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking glyburide as treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus. The health care provider has added a corticosteroid to this client's medication regimen for treatment of a severe allergic reaction. The nurse knows that this drug combination may cause what adverse effect on this client?

hyperglycemia

A nurse is preparing to administer a rapid-acting insulin. Which medication would the nurse most likely administer?

insulin lispro

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking insulin. The nurse suspects the client is experiencing hypoglycemia when the client displays what signs?

weakness, sweating, and decreased mentation.

During a teaching session on the care of the client with diabetes, the nurse should make which statement to explain the differences in insulin?

"Insulins have different onsets and durations of action."

On the advice of her sister, a 52-year-old woman has visited her nurse practitioner to discuss the potential benefits of hormone replacement therapy in controlling the symptoms of menopause. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

"It's important to balance the possible benefits of HRT with the fact that it might increase your risk of heart disease and stroke"

A nurse is providing education to a client who will soon begin taking levothyroxine for the first time. Which teaching point should the nurse include in this education session?

"You'll most likely take this drug for the rest of your life."

A client diagnosed with erectile dysfunction has been advised to take Viagra. For up to how many hours does the action of the drug persist?

4 hours

The nurse's assessment of a client who has presented to the emergency department reveals hyperglycemia. Which type of insulin will have the most rapid effect on the client's blood sugar levels?

Aspart

A nurse is assigned to administer glargine to a patient at a health care facility. What precaution should the nurse take when administering glargine?

Avoid mixing glargine with other insulin.

Carter, age 13, is prescribed testosterone for delayed onset of puberty. What is a priority when monitoring the prepubescent?

Bone growth

The nurse is educating a client who will be adding an injection of pramlintide to his insulin regimen. What information is most important for the nurse to share with this client to ensure safe medication administration?

Do not give pramlintide in the same site where insulin is administered.

A client is receiving androgen therapy. Which would cause the nurse the greatest concern?

Elevated liver enzyme levels

A 9 year old child has been prescribed testosterone. What information should the nurse provide the client's parents regarding the continuation of the therapy?

If signs of early puberty are identified the therapy should be stopped

The pharmacology instructor is providing education regarding propylthiouracil to the nursing students. What would the instructor identify as the primary mode of action for this medication?

Inhibition of production of thyroid hormone

A client is receiving acarbose. What would the nurse incorporate into the teaching plan for this client about the action of the drug?

Inhibits an enzyme to delay glucose absorption

A client with a diagnosis of diabetes is prescribed pramlintide. How will this drug assist in controlling the client's blood sugar?

It slows gastric emptying.

The nurse admits a client with type 2 diabetes who takes metformin (Glucophage).The nursing diagnosis given is ineffective breathing pattern. What complication of the client's current drug therapy does the nurse believe the client is experiencing?

Lactic acidosis

A client with a history of cardiovascular disease, who is taking a thyroid hormone, reports chest pain. What is the nurse's best action?

Notify the health care provider.

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. What should the nurse inform the patient are risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes?

Obesity

A 25-year-old female client is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The client is prescribed levothyroxine. Which instruction about the administration of this medication would be important?

She should take the medication in the morning before breakfast.

A patient is receiving estrogen therapy. What would the nurse instruct the patient to report immediately?

Shortness of breath

A nurse is teaching a class at the local high school on the abuse of anabolic steroids. Which potential adverse reaction should the nurse cite regarding the long-term use of these hormones?

liver tumors.

The nurse instructs the client with a new prescription to treat hyperthyroidism and includes the importance of regular lab studies to monitor for bone marrow suppression. What drug is the nurse teaching the client about?

methimazole

The nurse is explaining the action of exenatide to a patient. Which would the nurse include?

Increase in insulin release

When describing thyroid function, the nurse would emphasize the need for intake of:

iodine.

A nurse is preparing to administer a drug in the antepartum period to induce a pregnant woman's labor contractions. Which medication would the nurse most likely administer?

oxytocin

What organ provides the control over the amount of calcium in the blood?

parathyroid glands

A client has been prescribed a transdermal patch of estrogen. Which adverse effect should be included in the teaching plan about the medication?

redness at the application site