Pharmacology Ch 23 & 24 Endocrine system drugs & reproductive system drugs
11. Which hormone stimulates ovarian follicle development and sperm production? a. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) b. Luteinizing hormone (LH) c. Luteotropic hormone (LTH) d. None of the above.
ANSWER: a
15. Female sex hormones produced by the ovary and the adrenal glands are called __________. a. estrogens b. androgens c. progesterones d. contraceptives
ANSWER: a
18. Which hormone stimulates the uterus to contract and induce childbirth? a. Oxytocin b. Progesterone c. Progestins d. Testosterone
ANSWER: a
19. Androgens may be used for ___________. a. palliative treatment of females with advanced metastatic carcinoma of the breast b. treatment of menstrual irregularities, relief of menopausal vasomotor symptoms, and palliative treatment for males with advanced inoperable prostate cancer c. treatment of amenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding and palliative therapy for advanced and metastatic endometriosis or breast cancer d. induction of labor with at-term or near-term pregnancies
ANSWER: a
20. Side effects of androgens include _____________. a. changes in the libido, gynecomastia in males, and hirsutism and menorrhea in females b. increased risk of thromboembolic disorders, migraine headaches, and depression c. menstrual irregularity and amenorrhea, vision disorders, and possible decrease in bone density with prolonged use d. severe hypotension, tachycardia and arrhythmia, and postpartum hemorrhage
ANSWER: a
20. The hormones secreted by the pituitary gland include ___________. a. ACTH b. corticosteroids c. thyroid d. insulin
ANSWER: a
25. Corticosteroids may be used to treat __________. a. inflammation associated with status asthmaticus b. cretinism c. myxedema d. hyperthyroidism
ANSWER: a
28. Which statement indicates adequate patient education has taken place? a. "I will use an alternative form of birth control while taking my antibiotic." b. "I don't need to continue with my breast exams while taking oral contraceptives." c. "I will take my Plan B within 1 week following unprotected intercourse." d. "Unprotected sex is not a problem while on contraceptives since they prevent sexually transmitted diseases."
ANSWER: a
29. Which statement best describes mifepristone (RU-486)? a. It is a contraception method. b. It is the "morning after" pill and easily obtainable at a pharmacy. c. It must be done within 72 hours of unprotected intercourse. d. It causes the uterine lining to thin, causing the embryo to detach and be expelled. Cramping and bleeding will occur during the process and curettage may be required in some cases to complete the process.
ANSWER: a
30. Side effects of thyroid agents may include a. cardiac arrhythmia, insomnia, excessive sweating, and menstrual irregularities. b. rash, urticaria, and pruritus c. stunting of growth in children d. polyuria
ANSWER: a
31. The sulfonylureas work by ________. a. increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity b. delaying digestion of complex carbohydrates c. decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles d. stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin e. decreasing insulin resistance/improving sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue
ANSWER: a
36. Rapid-acting insulins _________. a. onset in 10-30 minutes and peak in 1-2 hours, last 3-8 hours. b. onset in 1/2 to 1 hour and peak in 1-5 hours, last 6-10 hours. c. onset in 1 to 3 hours and peak in 6-12 hours, last 18-24 hours. d. onset in 1-2 hours, don't peak and last up to 24 hours.
ANSWER: a
45. Which of the following is a macrovascular complication of diabetes? a. Myocardial infarction b. Retinopathy c. Nephropathy d. Neuropathy
ANSWER: a
12. The hormone that works in conjunction with FSH to induce secretion of estrogen, ovulation, and development of corpus luteum is __________. a. follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) b. luteinizing hormone (LH) c. luteotropic hormone (LTH) d. None of the above.
ANSWER: b
14. Male hormones secreted mainly in the interstitial tissue of the testes in the male and in the adrenal glands of both sexes are called __________. a. gonadotropic hormones b. androgens c. progesterones d. contraceptives
ANSWER: b
21. Estrogens may be utilized in the treatment of __________. a. endometriosis and fibrocystic breast disease b. relief of menopausal vasomotor symptoms and palliative treatment for males with advanced inoperable prostate cancer c. abnormal uterine bleeding d. induction of labor with at-term or near-term pregnancies
ANSWER: b
21. The hormones secreted by the adrenal glands include _______. a. FSH and LTH b. thyroid c. corticosteroids d. insulin
ANSWER: b
22. Side effects of estrogens include __________. a. changes in the libido, gynecomastia in males, and hirsutism and menorrhea in females b. increased risk of thromboembolic disorders, migraines headaches, and depression c. menstrual irregularity and amenorrhea, vision disorders, and possible decrease in bone density with prolonged use d. severe hypotension, tachycardia and arrhythmia, and postpartum hemorrhage
ANSWER: b
32. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitors work by ________. a. increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity b. delaying digestion of complex carbohydrates c. decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles d. stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin e. decreasing insulin resistance/improving sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue
ANSWER: b
37. Short-acting insulins ___________. a. onset in 10-30 minutes and peak in 1-2 hours, last 3-8 hours b. onset in 1/2 to 1 hour and peak in 1-5 hours, last 6-10 hours c. onset in 1-3 hours and peak in 6-12 hours, last 18-24 hours d. onset in 1-2 hours, don't peak, and last up to 24 hours
ANSWER: b
41. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include ______. a. dehydration and excessive thirst b. irritability, confusion, perspiration, pallor, hunger c. anorexia and unexplained weight loss d. ketoacidosis
ANSWER: b
42. Which comments by a diabetic patient during teaching indicate a need for follow-up? a. "It is important to follow my diet and medication plans." b. "If I have symptoms of hypoglycemia, I will drink a diet pop." c. "I need to get regular exercise and maintain proper weight." d. "I need to take careful care of my feet."
ANSWER: b
43. Which of the following is an important consideration in a patient's self-administration of insulin? a. Opened vials must always be refrigerated. b. Administration sites should be rotated with each injection. c. Insulin pens may be shared between patients as long as cartridges are changed. d. Clear and cloudy insulin products should not be mixed in a syringe.
ANSWER: b
46. The incretin therapies actions include _________. a. increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity b. increasing satiety, reduction of food intake and glucagon production, delay gastric emptying c. decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles d. stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin e. decreasing insulin resistance/improving sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue
ANSWER: b
13. Which hormone stimulates the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum and secretion of milk by the mammary gland? a. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) b. Luteinizing hormone (LH) c. Luteotropic hormone (LTH) d. None of the above.
ANSWER: c
16. Hormones secreted by the corpus luteum and adrenal glands are __________. a. gonadotropic hormones b. androgens c. progesterones d. contraceptives
ANSWER: c
22. The hormones secreted by the thyroid gland include _________. a. ACTH and LTH b. corticosteroids c. thyroid d. insulin
ANSWER: c
23. Progestins are used for which of the following ___________. a. palliative treatment of females with advanced metastatic carcinoma of the breast, endometriosis, and fibrocystic breast disease b. treatment of menstrual irregularities, relief of menopausal vasomotor symptoms, and palliative treatment for males with advanced inoperable prostate cancer c. treatment of amenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding and adjunctive and palliative therapy for advanced and metastatic endometrial or breast cancer d. induction of labor with at-term or near-term pregnancies
ANSWER: c
24. Corticosteroids act on the immune system to _________. a. assist in the diagnosis of adrenocortical insufficiency b. regulate growth c. treat allergic reactions d. relieve the symptoms of hyperthyroidism
ANSWER: c
24. Side effects of progestins include __________. a. changes in the libido, gynecomastia in males, and hirsutism and menorrhea in females b. increased risk of thromboembolic disorders, headaches, especially migraines, and depression c. menstrual irregularity and amenorrhea, vision disorders, and possible decrease in bone density with prolonged use d. severe hypotension, tachycardia and arrhythmia, and subarachnoid hemorrhage
ANSWER: c
27. An important practice in corticosteroid therapy is _________. a. diagnosis with blood tests (e.g., TSH and FT4) b. it must be administered parenterally because it is destroyed in the GI tract c. tapering, weaning off with step-down dosage d. it should be prescribed by an endocrinologist
ANSWER: c
27. Which of the following comments is NOT TRUE regarding estrogen therapy? a. Estrogen therapy has been associated with an increased risk of endometrial carcinoma. b. Adding progestin to estrogen therapy substantially reduces the risk of endometrial cancer. c. Combination therapy with estrogen and progestin increases the risk of endometrial carcinoma. d. Estrogen therapy remains the most effective treatment available for menopausal symptoms and many women can take it safely.
ANSWER: c
33. The biguanides work by ____________. a. increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity b. delaying digestion of complex carbohydrates c. decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles d. stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin e. decreasing insulin resistance/improving sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue
ANSWER: c
38. Intermediate-acting insulins _________. a. onset in 10-30 minutes and peak in 1-2 hours, last 3-8 hours. b. onset in 1/2 to 1 hour and peak in 1-5 hours, last 6-10 hours. c. onset in 1-3 hours and peak in 6-12 hours, last 18-24 hours. d. onset in 1-2 hours, don't peak, and last up to 24 hours.
ANSWER: c
17. Hormones used to prevent pregnancy are _________. a. replacement therapy b. androgens c. progesterones d. contraceptives
ANSWER: d
23. The hormones secreted by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas include _______. a. FSH, LH, and LTH b. corticosteroids c. thyroid d. insulin
ANSWER: d
25. Oxytocin is used for __________. a. palliative treatment of females with advanced metastatic carcinoma of the breast b. palliative treatment for males with advanced inoperable prostate cancer c. treatment of amenorrhea and abnormal uterine bleeding, and adjunctive and palliative therapy for advanced and metastatic endometrial cancer d. induction of labor with at-term or near-term pregnancies
ANSWER: d
26. Rejection of transplanted organs may be prevented by the use of _________. a. antithyroid therapies b. sulfonylurea c. antidiabetics d. corticosteroids
ANSWER: d
26. The side effects of oxytocin include ___________. a. changes in the libido, gynecomastia in males, hirsutism and menorrhea in females b. increased risk of thromboembolic disorders, headaches, especially migraines, and depression c. menstrual irregularity and amenorrhea, vision disorders, and possible decrease in bone density with prolonged use d. severe hypotension, tachycardia and arrhythmia, and postpartum hemorrhage
ANSWER: d
28. Serious side effects of long-term steroid therapy are ___________. a. cardiac arrhythmia, increased blood pressure, weight loss, and menstrual irregularities b. rash, urticaria, pruritus, and blood dyscrasias c. hepatic dysfunction, blood dyscrasias, hypoglycemia, and increased risk of cardiovascular death d. fluid and electrolyte imbalance, osteoporosis, psychosis, and increased intraocular pressure
ANSWER: d
29. Side effects of antithyroid agents may include _________. a. palpitations, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmia, and increased blood pressure b. nervousness, tremor, headache, and insomnia c. weight loss, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps d. rash, urticaria, and pruritus
ANSWER: d
34. The meglitinides work by __________. a. increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity b. delaying digestion of complex carbohydrates c. decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles d. stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin e. decreasing insulin resistance/improving sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue
ANSWER: d
39. Long-acting insulins: a. onset in 10-30 minutes and peak in 1-2 hours, last 3-8 hours. b. onset in 1/2 to 1 hour and peak in 1-5 hours, last 6-10 hours. c. onset in 1-3 hours and peak in 6-12 hours, last 18-24 hours. d. onset in 1-2 hours, don't peak, and last up to 24 hours.
ANSWER: d
40. Classic symptoms of hyperglycemia include _________. a. increased perspiration b. irritability, confusion, or bizarre behavior c. unexplained weight gain d. excessive thirst, polyuria, and fruity breath
ANSWER: d
44. Which of the following is a microvascular complication of diabetes? a. Myocardial infarction b. Deep vein thrombosis c. Cerebrovascular accident d. Retinopathy
ANSWER: d
35. The thiazolidinediones work by _________. a. increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity b. delaying digestion of complex carbohydrates c. decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles d. stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin e. decreasing insulin resistance/improving sensitivity to insulin in muscle and adipose tissue
ANSWER: e
47. The SGL2T inhibitors work by _______. a. increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity b. delaying digestion of complex carbohydrates c. decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles d. stimulating the beta cells of the pancreas to produce insulin e. decreasing glucose absorption in the kidneys
ANSWER: e
